At present, some unscrupulous operators sell fake and shoddy drugs by packaging them as "magic doctors" and "magic medicines", fooling the elderly into buying them and illegally seeking huge profits.In this regard, the China Consumers Association reminds elderly consumers to improve their awareness of risk prevention and self-protection ability.

Drugs without an approval number are counterfeit. Don’t buy drugs through informal channels.

First, we should buy drugs through regular channels such as hospitals and pharmacies, and carefully check the approval number of drugs. Except for Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces that are not subject to examination and approval management, drugs listed in China shall be approved by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, and can be listed only after obtaining the drug registration certificate and approval number, so as to ensure the safety, effectiveness and quality controllability of drugs. Consumers should try to choose hospitals, clinics, pharmacies and other formal places (including e-commerce platforms) that hold the Drug Business License and Business License to buy drugs, and carefully check the approval number (national medicine quasi-font number) and expiration date of drugs. Consumers can make inquiries and verification on the website of National Medical Products Administration. Consumers should never buy drugs that have no approval number or can’t find the information of national medicine quasi-brand name on National Medical Products Administration website, so as to avoid being infringed by counterfeit drugs.

In May, 2021, Wenzhou Market Supervision Bureau of Zhejiang Province announced a typical case of "Iron Fist" action in the field of people’s livelihood in the city recently, one of which was "Longwan District Market Supervision Bureau investigated and dealt with Yang Mobin’s suspected case of producing and selling counterfeit drugs". On February 25th, 2021, law enforcement officers of Yongxing Institute of Longwan District Market Supervision Bureau inspected Yang Mobin’s residence according to the report clues, and found 8 bottles of "new gout specific medicine", and the outer packaging was marked with "Function indication: acute and chronic gout, this medicine has the effects of expelling wind and removing dampness, dispelling cold and relieving pain & HELIP; …” Words such as, in line with the definition of drug, but the product has not obtained the drug approval document. The above drugs were tested by Wenzhou Food and Drug Inspection Science Research Institute, and dexamethasone was detected. Yang Mobin’s act of selling the above-mentioned counterfeit drugs is suspected of violating the provisions of Article 141 of the Criminal Law, which constitutes the crime of selling counterfeit drugs. At present, the case has been transferred to Longwan Branch of Wenzhou Public Security Bureau for investigation according to law.

Foods with significant medical effects are likely to be illegally added with drugs.Products are harmful to health.

Food is not medicine, and it has no effect on treating diseases. For some "foods" that claim to be able to treat diseases, they are either false propaganda or drugs are probably illegally added. Long-term consumption of such "food" will bring great health risks to consumers.

Among the typical cases of the fourth batch of 2021 cases in the field of people’s livelihood investigated and dealt with by the General Administration of Market Supervision on August 24th, there was a case in which the Market Supervision Bureau of Jiyuan City, Henan Province investigated and dealt with Huang and others selling illegally added drugs and food. On July 5, 2021, Jiyuan Municipal Market Supervision Bureau received complaints from consumers, saying that the pollen yam tablet candy it bought in Huangmou had a very good hypoglycemic effect after taking it, but at the same time there were a series of adverse reactions. After inspection, glibenclamide was detected in the product. Glibenclamide is a prescription western medicine with obvious hypoglycemic effect. Because of the obvious side effects, long-term large-scale use will cause hypoglycemia and kidney disease, and even lead to death, so the drug can only be used by specific people and needs to be taken under the guidance of a doctor. The behavior of the parties concerned is suspected of violating the provisions of Article 38 of the Food Safety Law "No drugs shall be added to the food produced and operated" and the provisions of Article 144 of the Criminal Law, which constitutes toxic and harmful food in production and sales. At present, the case has been transferred to the public security organs.

"imperial doctor"The "magic medicine" is a false advertisement. Don’t lose your health in pursuit of it.

In order to obtain economic benefits, some unscrupulous operators publish false and illegal advertisements involving traditional Chinese medicine, and induce consumers to buy and use them through false or exaggerated curative effects. This behavior not only affects the healthy and orderly development of Chinese medicine, but also adversely affects the life, health and safety of consumers.

In the fifth batch of typical cases of investigating and handling "Tiequan" in 2021 people’s livelihood cases announced by the General Administration of Market Supervision on September 29, there was a case that "Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau of Lanzhou City, Gansu Province investigated and dealt with the false advertising case published by Gansu Zhuoyuantang Internet Hospital Co., Ltd. according to law". On March 17, 2021, the Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau conducted an on-site inspection of Meilin County Chinese Medicine Clinic of Gansu Zhuoyuantang Internet Hospital Co., Ltd. according to the clues reported, and found a large number of "Product Introduction — Ninger Formula, Product Introduction — The advertising materials of the product "Huofei Prescription" are printed with the words "ancient prescription and ancient method for collecting and processing drugs". After investigation, the company published "Lanzhou Zhuoyuantang Chinese Medicine Museum — — The article "Pioneer of online diagnosis and treatment" promotes "the annual number of medical visits is more than 100,000"; The first online consultation Internet hospital in Lanzhou — 　 — The article "Zhuoyuantang Chinese Medicine Hospital" promotes "specially invited Chinese medicine academicians, Chinese medicine masters and outstanding Chinese medicine experts inside and outside the province" and other contents. At the same time,The company’s customer service staff publicized "guarantee never to recur" to patients through online consultation; We use the secret recipe for more than 200 years ","the average cure rate is over 95% "and" to ensure that it will never recur; There are hundreds of thousands of rehabilitation cases and so on. The company’s advertising is inconsistent with the facts and seriously misleads the public. The above-mentioned behavior of the parties violates the relevant provisions of Articles 16 and 28 of the Advertising Law and is an illegal act of publishing false advertisements. Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau imposed an administrative penalty of 800,000 yuan on the parties according to law.

　　China Weather Network News "Others laugh at me for wearing thick clothes, and I laugh at others for being frozen." After a cold wave at the beginning of November, the cold air was uninterrupted, and many places in China experienced a night of winter. Today (November 10th), a new strong cold air has been delivered, with a sharp drop in temperature and a wide range of influence. It will go all the way south to northern South China, and 30 provincial-level cities will hit a new low in the second half of this year. Coincides with the "Double Eleven" period, it may not only be a shopping cart, but also a bone-chilling cold. China Weather Network launched a national early warning map of down jackets to see where it will experience bone-chilling cold, and it is necessary to wrap a long and thick down jacket.

　　National down jacket warning map released, two-thirds of the country needs down jacket protection.

　　At the beginning of November, affected by the cold wave, many places experienced a big reversal of cold and warm, taking off cool summer clothes and turning out warm equipment such as long pants and coats. However, the cooling is far from over, and a new cold air has been delivered. From now until the beginning of next week, a large-scale temperature bottoming contest will be held in the central and eastern regions of China, and 30 provincial-level cities will set a new low in the second half of this year.

　　According to Zhang Juan, a meteorologist of China Weather Network, this strong cold air process will boost the winter process in North China, Huanghuai and other places, and the impact will also go deep into the south, bringing about a big temperature dive, and two-thirds of the country needs down jackets to protect itself.

　　According to the national early warning map of down jackets launched by China Weather Network, three days from now, Northeast China, Inner Mongolia and other places will experience the freezing cold, and the areas that need to wear down jackets will go south with the main body of cold air and reach the northern part of South China.

　　On November 10th, the main body of cold air mainly affects friends in the north, Qinghai, most of Tibet, the northeast and the central and eastern Inner Mongolia. The lowest temperature can be reduced to -20℃ to -15℃, and it will be frozen in minutes when going out, and the temperature is below freezing point during the day. It is necessary to wrap a long thick down jacket in cold weather all day. Most of Xinjiang, North China, Huanghuai, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia and other places will also experience the cold below freezing point in the morning and evening. For example, the lowest temperature in Beijing dropped to -3℃ on the morning of the 11th, which will set a new low in the second half of this year, and it is also necessary to keep warm and wind-resistant down jackets.

　　On November 11th, with the cold air heading south, the highest temperature in most parts of the south of the Yangtze River will drop to around 15℃. Although it is not as chilly as the north, the temperature will also hit a new low in the second half of this year. Coupled with the rain, the wet and cold feeling is obvious, and it is not enough to wear a coat. You can apply for a down vest.

　　On November 12, cold air continued to penetrate south, and the area where down jackets were needed was extended to the south of the Yangtze River. Like Changsha, the highest temperature on the 12th will drop to 9℃, so it’s time to put on a down vest. As the temperature drops in eastern Inner Mongolia, northwestern Shanxi, northwestern Shaanxi and some places in Xinjiang, it will be frozen all day, so it is necessary to wrap a long thick down jacket when going out.

　　After the cold wave crosses Nanling Mountain, its influence will be obviously weakened, and its influence on most parts of South China is a spent force. The cooling range is limited, and the maximum temperature will drop from 30℃ to about 20℃. The body feels slightly cool, long sleeves and coats are enough, and down jackets will continue to press the bottom of the box.

　　How to choose down jackets these three misunderstandings need to be avoided.

　　The footsteps of winter continue to press south, and the weather is getting colder and colder. Down jacket is essential as the ultimate warm artifact. China Weather Network has identified three misunderstandings in the selection of down jackets. Have you been recruited?

　　The quality of down jacket can be identified from the aspects of filler, bulkiness, softness and fabric, which can refer to the four-step method. At first glance, the filler can be identified. Check the label to find out the type and content of the filler. A down jacket with less than 50% cashmere can’t be called. Press twice to test the bulkiness. By pressing down the down jacket to test the bulkiness, the down jacket with high bulkiness has enough air layer to strengthen the warmth. Three touches, experience softness. Feel the softness of the down jacket by touching it. The down jacket with high softness has lower down stalk content and higher down feather content. Four beats, beat the down jacket to test whether the fabric is hairy.

　　The strong cold air process coincides with the "Double Eleven", and many small partners’ goods have already flown on the road, and the rain and snow weather brought by cold air may affect the progress of logistics and distribution. Snowfall will occur in Xinjiang, Qinghai and other places, and logistics may be blocked; There will also be a large-scale precipitation and logistics slowdown in the south. Vehicles are easy to slip in snowfall weather, which increases the hidden danger of traffic accidents and thus affects the timeliness of logistics distribution. Express logistics enterprises need to pay special attention to weather forecast and early warning and other relevant information, make emergency plans for sudden weather changes, strengthen after-sales service links such as logistics distribution and cargo transshipment, and minimize the impact of disastrous weather on logistics and transportation.

　　China Weather Network reminds us that this year’s "Double Eleven" express is under great pressure, and the delivery task of the courier brother is even more arduous due to the cold weather and inconvenient transportation caused by rainy and snowy days. If there is a short delay in delivery, everyone can give more tolerance and understanding. Finally, I wish everyone’s packages can arrive in time without being affected by the weather. (Text/Jiang Yi Design/Luo Jiaxue Data Support/Zhang Juan)

China. com, December 16-Omicron mutant spreads quickly, is highly contagious and spreads invisibly. However, with the variation of the virus, the vast majority of infected people are mild or asymptomatic in clinical features. For people with mild and asymptomatic infections, people with no basic diseases or with stable basic diseases, they can take care of themselves at home. According to the "Guidelines for Home Treatment of Covid-19 Infected Persons" (hereinafter referred to as "Guidelines") issued by the State Council in response to the joint prevention and control mechanism of novel coronavirus epidemic, as well as the relevant tips from local CDC and medical experts, China. com combed the following 30 questions and answers, covering knowledge points such as protection, medication, medical treatment for key populations, vaccination, etc., to help the general public do a good job in personal protection and home treatment.

1. What should I pay attention to when I am infected with COVID-19?

The "Guide" clarifies that home therapists should take temperature measurement and self-health monitoring once every morning and evening. If symptoms such as fever and cough appear, they can take symptomatic treatment or oral medication. When necessary, you can also contact the medical staff of primary health care institutions or consult relevant medical institutions through Internet medical forms. Asymptomatic people don’t need medication. When taking medicine, home therapists should take it according to the drug instructions to avoid blind use of antibacterial drugs. If you have a basic disease, there is no need to change the dosage of the basic disease treatment drugs being used when the condition is stable. Antigen self-test and report the results according to the relevant epidemic prevention requirements.

If you have difficulty breathing or shortness of breath; After drug treatment, the body temperature remained higher than 38.5℃ for more than 3 days. The original underlying diseases are obviously aggravated and uncontrollable; Children have drowsiness, persistent refusal to eat, feeding difficulties, persistent diarrhea or vomiting; When pregnant women have symptoms such as headache, dizziness, palpitation, breath-holding, or abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding or bleeding, abnormal fetal movement, etc., they can be transferred to relevant hospitals for treatment by means of self-driving and 120 ambulances.

2. How to use medicine?

Reference Table of Commonly Used Drugs for Home Treatment of Infected Persons in Covid-19:

3. How to protect family members?

The Guide suggests that when you are at home, you should open doors and windows regularly every day to keep indoor air circulation. If you don’t have natural ventilation conditions, you can use exhaust fans for mechanical ventilation. Do a good job in ventilation and disinfection of shared areas such as toilets and bathrooms. Wash hands or disinfect hands when preparing food, defecating before and after meals, taking off masks, etc. Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, or cover your nose and mouth with the inside of your elbow, and throw the used tissue into the trash can. Do not share daily necessities with other family members. Tableware should be cleaned and disinfected after use. The surfaces of articles that may be contacted by home therapists and the towels, clothes and quilts they use should be cleaned and disinfected in time, and the personal belongings of infected persons should be placed separately.If the family shares the bathroom, the home treatment staff should disinfect it every time they use it; If family therapists use a separate bathroom, they can be disinfected once a day. Used paper towels, masks, disposable gloves and other household garbage are put into plastic bags and placed in special trash cans. Articles contaminated by saliva, sputum, etc. shall be disinfected at any time.

4. When can I end the home treatment?

The Guide makes it clear that if the symptoms of home-based therapists are obviously improved or have no obvious symptoms, the self-test antigen is negative, and the Ct value of Covid-19 nucleic acid detection for two consecutive times is ≥35 (the interval between the two tests is more than 24 hours), home-based therapy can be ended, and normal life and going out can be resumed.

5. What should I pay attention to when I go to the hospital?

Shen Ning, vice president of Peking University Third Hospital and director of the Center for Infectious Diseases: If you have fever and related respiratory symptoms and need to see a doctor, you should go to the fever clinic. When visiting a doctor, observe the relevant regulations of the hospital, especially self-protection, wear N95 mask regularly throughout the whole process, and comply with the relevant requirements of the hospital for nucleic acid and antigen. If you suspect that you have related upper respiratory symptoms and are worried about the risk of going to the hospital, you can choose online medical treatment, find experts in infectious diseases, respiratory medicine, Chinese medicine and related departments for consultation, and judge whether you need to go offline for medical treatment.

6. The emergency department and fever clinic can prescribe medicine for up to three days, but it hasn’t recovered after three days. Do you need to go to the hospital for reexamination?

Shen Ning: The self-limiting process of upper respiratory tract infection is about 5-7 days. Many patients’ symptoms are not completely relieved after 3 days. If the symptoms are relieved to a certain extent after 3 days of medication, there is no need to rush to return to the clinic. It is recommended to further observe the changes of symptoms. If the symptoms get worse, you must go to the hospital for a follow-up visit.

7. Can Chinese medicine and western medicine be taken together to treat Covid-19 infection? Can a variety of Chinese patent medicines be eaten together?

Liu Qingquan, President of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine: At present, according to the research and clinical observation, Chinese patent medicines for treating COVID-19 and colds can be combined with western medicines such as antipyretic and analgesic drugs. Just to be on the safe side, Chinese medicine and western medicine should be separated by half an hour. If the ingredients of "Chinese patent medicine" used include drugs with western medicine for relieving fever and pain, attention should be paid to the combination of them, and side effects may occur after the drugs are superimposed. It is recommended not to combine several drugs, including traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. As a result of combined use, there will be overlapping of drug doses, which has certain risks and will not improve the curative effect.

8. What traditional Chinese medicines can be selected?

Liu Qingquan: At present, all the Chinese patent medicines for treating colds and flu, especially those with wind-heat syndrome and external cold and internal heat (cold containing fire), have a very good effect on treating Omicron mutant.

9. How to protect pregnant women?

Qiao Jie, Dean of Peking University Third Hospital and Academician of China Academy of Engineering: If pregnant women’s family members are infected, they should be relatively isolated in space as far as possible if possible, and their living items should be separated as much as possible, and the bathroom should be disinfected, and the living space should be ventilated as much as possible. If a colleague is positive, try to work at home as much as possible. If you must work in the same space at the same time, pay special attention to the ventilation of the office space and wear N95 mask. Pregnant women should go to public places as little as possible, and do not get together or have dinner. Pay attention to hand hygiene while wearing a mask. Maintain balanced nutrition, adequate sleep and a positive and optimistic attitude. Pay attention to the standardized wearing of N95 mask when you go to the hospital for check-up, and reduce the waiting time. If you have any questions, you can consult in the form of online medical care.

10. What are the symptoms of pregnant women infected with Covid-19? Will it affect the fetus?

Qiao Jie: After the pregnant women were infected with Covid-19, the overall incidence, symptoms and course of disease were similar to those of the general population. The main symptoms were upper respiratory tract infection, such as cough, sore throat, sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose, general aches and fever, and the severity was very few. The course of disease is basically 5-7 days, and the severe cases are mainly related to basic diseases, such as poor liver and kidney function, hypertension, diabetes, etc., which need to be treated in time. The mother has the protective barrier of placenta, so it is hardly transmitted to the fetus. However, if it is postpartum, it is best for Bao Ma to be isolated from the newborn or wear N95 mask to breastfeed.

11. How do pregnant women respond to symptoms?

Qiao Jie: When pregnant women have respiratory symptoms such as fever and dry cough, they can do nucleic acid test or antigen test to determine whether they are infected with Covid-19. Drink plenty of water, cool down physically, and choose traditional Chinese medicine available to pregnant women for symptomatic treatment. If western medicine is used to reduce fever, acetaminophen can be used for treatment if the temperature exceeds 38.5 degrees. When choosing antipyretic drugs, choose a single drug, and don’t stack it to reduce possible liver and kidney damage. Pay attention to monitoring heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature. Pregnant women in the third trimester should also pay attention to the monitoring of fetal movement, which can be monitored for one hour every day and have more than three fetal movements every hour. If the symptoms persist for more than 3 days, the fever does not improve after taking antipyretics, or fetal movement disappears, chest pain, chest tightness, abdominal pain, etc., you should contact the midwifery institution in time and see a doctor in time.

12. If COVID-19 is positive, can she give birth by herself?

Zhao Yangyu, director of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital: Whether Covid-19 is infected or not, the choice of delivery mode is determined according to obstetric indications, and the doctor makes a comprehensive evaluation. For example, simple Covid-19 positive, no natural childbirth taboo (such as poor heart function, severe lung function, etc.), as long as you can tolerate the whole process of vaginal delivery, you can still choose natural childbirth.

13. What are the manifestations of children infected with COVID-19?

Qian Suyun, chief physician of Beijing Children’s Hospital: Most children mainly have fever, cough, runny nose and stuffy nose. Some of them are atypical symptoms, including fatigue, poor appetite, vomiting and even diarrhea. There are also some children who will have wheezing and hoarseness. However, the degree of children’s fever varies greatly from individual to individual, and some children can have a higher fever, even more than 39 degrees or 40 degrees. It is observed that most children have a fever in about 2-3 days. So the course of disease is about 3-5 days. The probability of serious illness is very low.

14. What medicines can families with children store?

Qian Suyun: Families with children should properly store some emergency drugs commonly used by children, but it is not recommended to store a lot of drugs. Improper storage may lead to children taking them by mistake. It is recommended to reserve drugs. The first category is antipyretic drugs. For children over 6 months, you can choose ibuprofen or acetaminophen, and one of them can be enough. Children between 2 months and 6 months are not suitable for ibuprofen, but acetaminophen can be used. For children within two months, it is not recommended to use antipyretic drugs routinely, and measures such as physical cooling can be taken and timely medical treatment can be taken. Cough is conducive to the discharge of respiratory secretions. Routine use of drugs is not recommended for children with mild cough. If there is nasal congestion and obvious cough, you can do atomization and wash your nose. At home, you can use a humidifier to increase the humidity in the air. If you have obvious cough, you can prepare some Chinese patent medicines for clearing heat and eliminating phlegm, and choose drugs suitable for your age, but don’t take two or more at the same time. Antipyretic drugs do not advocate taking the two drugs at the same time, and there is no need to take them alternately. Use drugs according to the age, dosage or doctor’s advice recommended in the instructions, and pay attention to the interval between two drugs. It is best for parents not to give drugs to their children according to their own experience or speculation. They can get medical advice and recommendations from professionals through the Internet.

15. Under what circumstances does the child need to be sent to a doctor?

Qian Suyun: The simplest way to distinguish is to look at the child’s mental state. If the child has fever and other symptoms, but he is in good spirits and can eat, drink and play after the fever has gone down, he can continue to observe and treat the symptoms at home. It is recommended to go to the hospital in the following situations: the fever lasts for more than 3 days and there is no sign of improvement; The child’s mental state is not good, including that the baby sometimes cries, is annoyed and is not easy to appease, and the older child is sleepy, listless and looks bad; In addition, cough is getting worse, which affects daily life and sleep; Some children wheeze, breathe faster, even have difficulty breathing, and have obvious hoarseness. Be careful of laryngitis and laryngotracheitis; If you have consciousness disorder or convulsion, you should see a doctor immediately. Children under three months are a special group, including newborns and infants. Once they have fever, it is recommended to see a doctor in time.

16. How should the elderly protect themselves?

Li Yanming, Director of Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Hospital: First of all, we should vaccinate, including whole-course vaccine and booster vaccine, which can obviously reduce the incidence of severe illness. Second, reduce going out, especially avoid going to closed places where people gather. If you really need to go out, wear a mask. Try to minimize contact with the external environment during the whole process, and wash your hands when you come back. Third, pay attention to keep warm while strengthening ventilation. You can put your elderly friends in another room and let them return to the room after the ventilation is over and the room temperature returns to normal. Fourth, to control basic diseases, we can buy medicines through various channels, or let relatives and friends buy medicines. Fifth, ensure regular sleep and nutrition, but don’t overeat. Reduce alcohol and tobacco as much as possible. Family members who don’t live with the elderly can reduce their visits and reduce the chances of virus exposure in the near future. If the co-residents are infected with Covid-19, they can live alone if conditions permit. If conditions do not allow, it is necessary to have an independent room, close the door and strengthen ventilation. Patients should be cleaned and disinfected after touching toilets, door handles and faucets.

17. What are the precautions for drug use in the elderly?

Li Yanming: After the elderly are infected with Covid-19, we should first strengthen observation and monitoring. Second, we should strengthen daily care, including light diet. After infection, the gastrointestinal function of the elderly is not good. It is recommended to eat less and eat more meals to avoid vomiting after eating a lot of food at one time. Ensure sleep; Replenish a proper amount of water, combined with body temperature and sweating, a small amount for many times, to prevent gastrointestinal discomfort and increase heart load caused by a large amount of water supplement at one time. Third, the higher the body temperature and the older you are, the more careful you should use drugs to prevent the elderly from sweating a lot after using a fever to cause collapse or even hypotension; In addition, the fever should be slowed down, and the fever can be reduced by physical means; Avoid using multiple drugs together when using antipyretics and cold medicines. Fourth, the application of proprietary Chinese medicines should be less and more precise, and multiple proprietary Chinese medicines with the same function should not be used at the same time. Fifth, the elderly with basic diseases should strengthen the management of basic diseases. A large amount of water loss caused by fever may lead to a decrease in blood pressure. During the fever, especially when antipyretics are used, pay attention to blood pressure monitoring. If the blood pressure is lower than the normal level, the antihypertensive drugs should be reduced or even stopped, and then used as usual when the blood pressure returns to normal. The elderly may eat little after infection, so it is necessary to monitor the changes of blood sugar to prevent hypoglycemia. When the elderly have fever and weakness, they must prevent falling.

18. Under what circumstances do you need to send the elderly to the hospital?

Li Yanming: We should strengthen the observation of the elderly and understand their basic situation. Such as basal heart rate, basal blood pressure, respiratory rate per minute and body temperature. For the elderly with cardiopulmonary diseases, it is necessary to know their basic peripheral oxygen saturation. Observe the changes of the general situation of the elderly, such as conscious state, mental state, defecation and eating. If the following situations occur, you need to consider seeking medical treatment: First, symptoms such as fever persist or tend to worsen. Second, there are new symptoms, such as chest pain, dyspnea, incontinence or sudden immobility of limbs, especially unilateral immobility of limbs, or inability of the elderly to eat, nausea and vomiting, or drowsiness, unconsciousness and disorientation. In addition, the aggravation of basic diseases, such as coronary heart disease in the elderly themselves, leads to angina pectoris; It turned out that there was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, and there was an aggravation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, and they all needed to see a doctor.

19. What should cardiovascular patients pay attention to?

Zhou Yujie, Executive Vice President of Beijing anzhen hospital: Patients with original cardiovascular diseases are taking basic drugs. Drinking more water after high fever may affect the symptoms of heart failure, such as drugs for relieving muscle soreness and cardiovascular drugs. At present, no adverse effects between them have been found, so there is no need to be anxious. Manage the basic diseases of the heart well, use the original drugs for cardiovascular diseases well, increase the body’s immunity, improve their sleep quality and overcome anxiety. Don’t stop taking drugs for cardiovascular disease prevention and control for a long time. If you have persistent chest pain, seek medical advice promptly. Pay attention to keep warm, control the intake of sugar, oil and salt, and keep moderate exercise, not too intense. Monitor blood pressure, heart rate and blood lipid regularly.

20. How to sterilize at home?

Lu Lian, Director of the Hospital Sense Management Office of beijing ditan hospital, said: The risk of being infected by household items after "Yangguo" home rehabilitation is very small. The family can do daily cleaning without terminal disinfection. You can unplug the refrigerator and wipe it with a wet towel containing alcohol. Food that is not sealed in the refrigerator is heated before eating. Wipe hard surfaces such as toilets, desktops and cabinets with alcohol wipes or chlorine-containing disinfectant. Cotton items can be washed normally in the washing machine, and the quilt can be dried in the sun. Physical disinfection methods such as sun exposure and heat are preferred at home. To do a good job of ventilation, it is recommended to ventilate 2-3 times a day for at least 30 minutes each time. Household disinfection should focus on cleaning, supplemented by chemical disinfection.

21. What should I pay attention to when disinfecting?

Peking Union Medical College Hospital: Spraying 75% alcohol in a confined space for air disinfection may easily lead to fire or even explosion. Use chlorine-containing disinfectant to disinfect the surface of metal countertops or leather products that are easy to corrode. Disinfectants cannot be used to directly disinfect the human body. Stimulating the airway after inhalation will lead to cough and even destroy epithelial cells. It needs to be wiped after spraying with disinfectant, and pure chemical action can’t completely disinfect it. After disinfection with chlorine-containing disinfectant, the list of objects should be cleaned. The concentration of disinfectant used should not be too high or too low. Different types of disinfectants should not be mixed. Disinfectant can’t be added to the laundry detergent, and a large amount of water is diluted during washing, which can’t play a disinfection role; Chlorine disinfection will corrode and destroy the inner container of washing machine.

22. How long can I return to work after the fever has gone down?

Li Dongzeng, Chief Physician, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing You ‘an Hospital: Under normal circumstances, the symptoms of cough, nasal congestion, runny nose and sore throat will be obviously relieved in 3 days after the body temperature is normal. When somatosensory sore throat and cough no longer affect sleep, it means that the body has basically recovered and is suitable for returning to work. After 7 days of onset in young adults, the nucleic acid gradually turned negative, and the infectivity was low. COVID-19 should still do a good job of respiratory protection after recovery, and do not lower the prevention and control standards. After returning to work, stick to wearing masks in crowded and closed public places, pay attention to hand hygiene, cough, sneezing and other etiquette. Don’t eat face to face in the canteen.

23. Is there a high chance of reinfection after rehabilitation?

Zhong Nanshan, academician of China Academy of Engineering: After being infected with Omicron once, antibodies will be produced in the body, which is equivalent to being vaccinated once. At present, the data show that after being infected with Omicron once, the rate of reinfection within one year is very small.

Wan Mobin, Chief Physician, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Changhai Hospital:There are three types of people who are more susceptible to repeated infections, including the elderly, people with basic diseases and people with poor immunity.Self-protection awareness should be strengthened after the cured confirmed patients in COVID-19 are discharged from hospital and asymptomatic infected people are released from isolation. Vaccination, wearing a mask, keeping a social distance of 1 meter, and trying to avoid being in crowded and poorly ventilated indoor spaces are still effective ways to prevent repeated infections. In addition, in daily life, we should also increase nutrition, especially increase the intake of protein, keep exercising, ensure a good attitude and improve the body’s immunity.The risk of reinfection, as well as the symptoms after infection, depends on many complicated factors, including the variation of variants, vaccination and previous physical conditions. It is true that a small number of infected people are at higher risk after reinfection, but for most people, there is no need to worry too much about the aggravation of symptoms after reinfection.

24. What are the taboos for vaccination?

Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention: The medical staff at the inoculation point are responsible for the taboo judgment, and the clinicians at the secondary and above medical institutions are responsible for the disease diagnosis. The diagnosis certificate issued should specify the recent detailed state of the patient, so as to facilitate the taboo judgment at the inoculation point. Taboos include: ① severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylactic shock and laryngeal edema, occurred during previous vaccination; ② Acute infectious diseases are in the fever stage and vaccination is suspended; ③ Vaccination is suspended for serious chronic diseases during acute attack, such as cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, patients with hypertensive crisis, patients with coronary heart disease who have myocardial infarction, autoimmune nervous system diseases in the advanced stage, and epilepsy patients in the attack stage; ④ Life has entered the terminal stage due to serious chronic diseases.

25. Does it mean that the COVID-19 vaccine has not been vaccinated because of the basic disease and other reasons?

Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC: There was a serious allergic reaction after vaccination, so we can’t vaccinate this vaccine in the future. Most other situations belong to the situation of slow seeding. In the early stage, because of the basic diseases, the vaccine could not be vaccinated in the evaluation process, and most of them belonged to slow seeding. They have entered the stable period of the disease or the special treatment condition is over. After re-evaluating the conditions, it is still recommended to vaccinate as soon as possible.

26. Is the adverse reaction rate of COVID-19 vaccine for the elderly high?

Wang Huaqing: According to the current monitoring situation, the overall reported incidence of adverse reactions among the elderly aged 60 and above after being vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine is slightly lower than that of people under 60, and the incidence of serious adverse reactions is basically similar to that of other people, which is less than one in a million.

27. How long is the interval between strengthening immunization?

Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine can effectively reduce the risk of severe illness and death after infection. The elderly who have no vaccination contraindications and meet the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated as soon as possible, and the booster immunization should be completed as soon as possible after 3 months of complete vaccination.

28. Who is the target group of the second dose of booster immunization?

According to the "Implementation Plan for the Second Dose of Enhanced Immunization of Covid-19 Vaccine" (hereinafter referred to as "Implementation Plan") issued by the Comprehensive Group of Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for novel coronavirus Epidemic in the State Council, at this stage, on the basis of the first dose of enhanced immunization, the second dose of enhanced immunization can be carried out among people with high risk of infection, people over 60 years old, people with serious basic diseases and people with low immunity.

29. How long is the interval between the second dose of booster immunization?

According to the real world research and clinical trial data at home and abroad, combined with the actual vaccination in China, the time interval between the second dose of booster immunization and the first dose of booster immunization is more than 6 months.

30. What vaccines can be selected for the second dose of booster immunization?

According to the progress of vaccine research and development, all vaccines approved for conditional marketing or emergency use can be used for the second dose of booster immunization. Priority is given to sequential booster immunization, or the second dose of booster immunization with vaccines containing Omicron strain or with good cross-immunity to Omicron strain. The relevant combinations are as follows:

3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Kangxinuo intramuscular recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (CHO cells) of Chifeilongkema; 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector) for Kangxinuo inhalation; 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Zhuhai Livzon recombinant Covid-19 fusion protein (CHO cell) vaccine; 2 doses of Kangxinuo intramuscular adenovirus vector vaccine +1 dose of Kangxinuo inhalation recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (adenovirus vector type 5); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Chengdu WEEK recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (sf9 cells); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Beijing Wan Tai nasal spray influenza virus carrier Covid-19 vaccine; 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Zhejiang clover recombinant Covid-19 protein subunit vaccine (CHO cells); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of recombinant Covid-19 bivalent S trimer protein vaccine from Shenzhou cells.

(comprehensive the State Council joint defense joint control mechanism conference,Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Global Times,Beijing news broadcast, etc.)

　　　　　　There are many users who use Sogou Pinyin Input Method, and some new users don’t understand some functions and operations of Sogou Pinyin Input Method. Today, Xiaobian brings you an introduction to the function and operation of Sogou Pinyin input method, hoping to help you.

　　　　　　Introduction to the Function and Operation of Sogou Pinyin Input Method

　　　　　　1. After entering the names of festivals and solar terms, a warm reminder will appear in the upper right corner of the input box, such as telling you when the Spring Festival is this year.

　　　　　　2. Long sentence association function, which can display the whole sentence content immediately after you enter a few Chinese characters, and is suitable for ancient poems and idioms.

　　　　　　3. Support traditional input function. Press "ctrl+shift+F" or directly switch between traditional and simplified characters on the status bar to input traditional Chinese characters.

　　　　　　4. The Chinese-English mixed input function is more fashionable, and English words can be directly input when inputting Chinese without switching between Chinese and English.

　　　　　　5. You can quickly insert a date, and you can insert today’s date only by entering "Date" or "rq".

　　　　　　6. The mispronounced prompt function can correct you when you enter the wrong pinyin, and it will also display the correct vocabulary, as follows

　　　　　　7. Enter the emoji, click Properties-Advanced-Custom Phrase-Add New Definition, and then you can set it.

　　　　　　8. The split input function is very practical, and you can easily input words you don’t know, as follows.

　　　　　　9, convenient weather, constellation query, as long as you enter "weather" or "tq", you can see the local weather on the day in the input box.

　　　　　　10. The common symbol input function will display "& radical;" when "Pair" is input. Symbol, if you enter "triangle", the "△" symbol will appear, and if you enter "lying gun", the funny "_ (:з"∠ )_”

　　　　　　11. The basic method of sogou input method is to right-click the input method status bar and select "Change Skin".

　　　　　　After reading the detailed function introduction of Sogou Pinyin input method mentioned above, do you all understand it?

On June 6th, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and the Ministry of Commerce once again pushed the development of new energy vehicles-"Implementation Plan for Promoting the Updating and Upgrading of Key Consumer Goods and Smooth Resource Recycling (2019-2020)" was released. The importance of this document can basically be understood as the main theme of the post-new energy vehicle era. That night, we took a look at the dynamics in the circle, which is roughly like this:

From a fundamental point of view, this is a promotion document for digesting production capacity nationwide, which is good for all companies in all industries, large and small. On the other hand, the switching of fuel vehicles in China is the icing on the cake. However, this Dragon Boat Festival, the vast majority of car companies and pile companies have spent a uneasy festival. To sum up, people who have no long-term worries will have near worries.

From the point of view of energy supplement, there are several points worthy of attention in this document: how to go in the future in the process of changing tracks from policy-driven to market-driven in China’s new energy automobile industry.

Judging from the logic of the new energy automobile industry in the full text of the policy, it mainly guides the industry from two aspects: encouraging the upstream and downstream of the new energy automobile industry to continue research and development, promoting cost reduction and efficiency improvement, perfecting the energy supplement system and improving the market application of new energy vehicles. The document specifically mentions that it is necessary to learn from the power exchange mode and application experience in the field of public services, and encourage enterprises to develop new energy vehicle products with the combination of charging and power exchange, flexible battery configuration and long driving range. Therefore, we feel it is necessary to show past lives, the power exchange mode, to everyone.

01 Sadness Xia Jiaxi and His Better Place

In 2007, Shay Xia Jiaxi put forward the power exchange technology, and then founded a power exchange company called Better Place in Israel. After the financing of $850 million was changed in 2013, Xia Jiaxi and his dream of Better Place collapsed. Even though the valuation reached an unprecedented $2.25 billion at that time, the hopeless power exchange model was ruthlessly abandoned by capital.

Xia Jiaxi’s Ambition and the Legacy of Better place

In the early days of its establishment, Xia Jiaxi foresaw that the power battery, a key component that directly affects consumers’ desire to buy, would not improve by leaps and bounds in the short term. The most direct way to solve the mileage anxiety is to form the same energy supply efficiency as fuel supply for fuel vehicles. The energy supplement market bred by the emerging industry of electric vehicles will directly subvert the existing energy structure and consumption mode. Under such a market positioning setting, Xia Jiaxi boldly left SAP.

One year after the establishment of Better place, Israel’s first "power exchange station" was established. First, it signed a cooperation agreement with Renault to provide 100,000 Fluence ZE electric vehicles (but the actual order was less than 1%). Better Place started with 750 drivers in Israel, and the charge for electricity exchange service includes battery rent and electricity exchange fee. Although the hardware cost, battery maintenance cost and education cost of consumers and enterprises were incomprehensible at that time, Xia Jiaxi did not hesitate to continue to burn money in Denmark and the United States, but at that time, car companies still had great doubts about the development of new energy vehicles, and the convenience and use cost of customer-side power exchange mode were not particularly different from those of traditional fuel vehicles. Better Place only launched thousands of vehicles around the world until it was closed.

The end of the road for Better Place seems to be ill-timed now. After all, the overall environment of the new energy automobile industry is far from the same. However, Better Place has left a complete chassis power exchange technology for future generations, and the value generated by the experience in the operation process is immeasurable.

Schematic diagram of Better Place power exchange station and power exchange

02 Phased tasks of State Grid

863 Program-the Beginning of Power Exchange Technology

In 2006, the domestic electric vehicle industry was still in its infancy. The State Grid responded to the call of the country to start the electric vehicle project, and Zhejiang Power Grid is the top priority to implement the project. At that time, the first project leader of Zhejiang Power Grid participated in the project was Mr. Nie Liang (the first person in the domestic market application field of power exchange mode). In 2010, his team developed and completed the first licensed pure electric vehicle in China, and completed the reserve of basic power exchange technology. In the same year, Nie Liang was responsible for building the Zhejiang project of intelligent charging and replacing power service network. Different from Better Place, a pioneer in power exchange, State Grid developed a set of standard box power exchange technology after understanding the chassis power exchange technology. In Hangzhou, 500 power exchange taxis were piloted with Langyue and Prima models and high box standard boxes, and the business model of "separation of vehicles and electricity and mileage charging" was put forward and verified for the first time in this project.

Power exchange stations and standard boxes piloted by State Grid in Hangzhou

It can be said that the power exchange technology was basically a system at that time, and the pilot effect was quite satisfactory. Later, the Beijing-Shanghai trip organized by State Grid set a fire for the development of power exchange. What’s more interesting is that. In August 2010, State Grid joined the "China Enterprise Electric Vehicle Industry Alliance" and served as the chairman of the charging and service professional committee. At that time, State Grid determined the basic idea of its own intelligent charging and replacing operation mode, that is, mainly replacing electricity, supplemented by plug-in, centralized charging and unified distribution. In other words, the development direction of state grid is to change power stations, not. In line with the above development ideas, State Grid also reserves advanced technologies such as battery balancing, battery automatic replacement equipment and battery cascade utilization. These forward-looking explorations and pre-research have laid a solid theoretical foundation for the budding electric vehicle industry, pointed out the general direction of technical development, and established the development path and ideological system of the whole industry. Today, these technologies have been widely used, especially the chassis replacement mode and standard battery box technology, which have become the mainstream of domestic electric vehicles. However, during 2013 -2014, State Grid did suspend the project of replacing new energy vehicles with electricity due to the change of the main task direction of enterprises. We inquired about the relevant historical information and found that apart from the change of the main tasks of enterprises, the irreconcilable contradiction with car companies is also one of the development factors that hinder their power exchange mode. After all, no car company is willing to become a subsidiary of State Grid. At that time, a director of the National Development and Reform Commission once said: "State Grid should put its position right and cooperate with car companies to develop electric vehicles with a more open attitude."However, State Grid’s insistence on the power exchange mode is not only not conducive to its stable position in the electric vehicle infrastructure market, but also more likely to restrict the development of electric vehicles. In other words, the failure to get through the industrial chain has become the biggest factor for the grounding of the State Grid’s power exchange model. On the other hand, the national policies at that time, such as subsidies and the environment of new energy vehicles, were still relatively weak. Therefore, although the State Grid ran through the business model of power exchange, it was unable to open up the industrial chain to form a business ecology due to institutional factors, and it was inevitable to suspend the power exchange project.

03-The sharing mode has no future.

After the State Grid froze the power exchange mode, Tesla, an American star company, demonstrated its 90-second quick exchange technology in 2013, once again detonating the problem of changing the phone all over the world, but soon Tesla will develop specifically for supercharger 3. From a technical point of view, Tesla still follows the chassis power exchange idea of Better place, but it is further improved in speed. But when "Iron Man" saw the fatal defect of chassis-type power exchange-abnormal batteries can not be shared across car models, and the compatibility of power exchange stations is low, so low compatibility can not improve operational efficiency. It is even more unrealistic to integrate the resources of car companies and form a common standard. In such a complicated power changing environment, Tesla silently quit to change the power stage.

Schematic diagram of Tesla power exchange technology

The rise of 04 module box-splitting power exchange technology

In 2014, Nie Liang left the State Grid after seeing the possibility of opening up the industrial chain of the power exchange system and constructing the power exchange ecology. In the same year, Hangzhou Botan was established, and based on the power exchange of State Grid, the low-box standard box battery was further developed. Compared with the standard box of State Grid in 2010, the low-box standard box battery can be directly placed in the vehicle chassis (the original high-box standard box battery of State Grid needs to be placed under the back seat of the vehicle or in the trunk of the vehicle), and the stability and safety of the vehicle are greatly improved. On the other hand, at that time, the large-scale travel business began to exert its strength, and the market segment paid unprecedented attention to the operation economy of fuel and new energy vehicles. The split-box power exchange mode combined with the large-scale travel business perfectly solved the problems of operating costs and energy replenishment efficiency, and the module split-box power exchange ushered in its historical opportunity.

Standard charging cabinet and standard box batteries for module box-changing.

So, what is the principle of module splitting? First of all, the main dimensions of the TEU are completely the same, but according to the iteration of power battery technology, the energy density can be continuously improved. At present, the single TEU is mainly 15KWH (see the figure below). According to the requirements of vehicle models, different numbers of TEU power batteries are arranged on the vehicle chassis (2/4 for passenger cars and 6 or even 8 for logistics vehicles). Because the box size is the same at the initial stage of design, the power exchange station can exchange power for all vehicles using TEU, no matter which main engine factory they are made, thus completing the development of three limited power exchange modes: compatibility of power exchange equipment and vehicle models, compatibility of charging equipment with TEU, and recycling of circulating batteries.

05 Inventory of Power Exchange in China at the Present Stage

In 2016, the chassis replacement technology that sank for a period of time reappeared in the field of vision. This time, Cai Dongqing created Shanghai Aodong New Energy Automobile Technology Co., Ltd., and made continuous efforts in the power replacement business, and then quickly followed up. Sort out the development path of domestic power exchange technology, which is roughly as follows:

Mainstream power exchange technology: module splitting and chassis power exchange, as shown below:

It is worth noting that at present, the two modes of automatic route for power exchange are slightly different. Six-axis robots are mainly used for power exchange in modules, and RGV is mainly used for chassis change, which is roughly as follows.

Market application: Beiqi Weilai Xinchufeng is used for chassis power exchange, Dongfeng, Zotye, Universiade are used for module power exchange, and the number of vehicles put in and the actual mileage of operation are slightly superior.

How to compare the above two power exchange technologies?

We believe that it is not objective enough to compare the above two power exchange technologies only from the actual promotion layout level (such as infrastructure investment, power exchange capacity, site requirements and construction speed, etc.). The reason for this is the following：

Equipment level: manual, semi-automatic or full-automatic power exchange mode can also be selected for box-by-box power exchange, and the investment intensity can be selected according to the actual situation, while chassis power exchange can only be fully automatic, so it has higher capital requirements and limited investment flexibility in practical promotion. However, according to the fully automatic standard, the cost difference between RGV and six-axis robot equipment is not big.

Site expansion level: the chassis can be quickly laid out in containers for power exchange, and the landing speed is slightly faster, but some cities are not allowed to work in containers (such as Guangzhou). Therefore, in terms of policy compliance, the requirements for the construction of sub-box power exchange and chassis power exchange are basically the same.

On the aspect of power exchange capacity: in the fully automatic state, the average daily power exchange capacity can reach about 250 times with little difference. However, there is a point of concern in this respect. According to the public data, although there are more charging compartments in the power exchange stations with the same power exchange capacity, the number of vehicles that can be exchanged for electricity is only slightly more or equal to that of the chassis (we think that the future evaluation of power exchange capacity can not only rely on the single angle of power exchange speed, because the power exchange capacity depends on the number of charging compartments in the station energy supply, From this point of view, the general modular sub-box power station has 120 cells at the same level, while the chassis power station has 28 cells. However, one car in the modular sub-box power station consumes 4 cells on average, so the power exchange capacity of 120 cells, that is, 30 cars at a time, is not much different from that of the whole pad chassis power station with 28 cells. Therefore, there is little or no difference between the two modes from the above three aspects, so there is no way to compare them only from these three points.

With the issuance of the document "Implementation Plan for Promoting the Updating and Upgrading of Key Consumer Goods and Smooth Resource Recycling (2019-2020)", on the basis of encouraging the development of power exchange mode, requirements are put forward for battery modularization and step utilization of batteries. Therefore, which mode can be compatible with more types of vehicles, better connect the front and rear ends of battery step utilization and better adapt to the future modular development of automobile manufacturing is the more important focus.

From the perspective of vehicle compatibility, the power exchange mode should not be a limited energy supplement scene in the end, but an open source energy supplement mode, because the most basic and basic construction purpose of the power exchange station is to be used as a public infrastructure to facilitate public travel, otherwise why do you enjoy subsidies? At present, Beiqi, Weilai and other car companies are leading the chassis power exchange, because the batteries of their respective car companies are opposite-sex batteries compared with other OEMs, the power exchange sites or batteries cannot be universal. However, Dongfeng, Universiade, Zotye and other enterprises adopt the idea of modular box-splitting power exchange based on standard box batteries, which makes the power exchange station shared among different car models, and the battery can be shared, which greatly improves the utilization ratio of the site and the battery. Therefore, from this perspective, it is obvious that modular box-splitting power exchange is more suitable for the current concept of "sharing economy" and is also an intensive use of social resources.

From the point of view of power battery recycling, the mainstream design ideas in the industry at present are as follows

Direct view of step utilization of power battery

From the point of view of echelon utilization, we must first reduce the transformation cost in the process of each degradation, otherwise it will be difficult to land. From the top-level design point of view, the standard of battery should be unified first, and then the battery with smaller relative weight and volume (because it can’t be directly used in section B and section C if it still stays in the direction of the overall special-shaped battery of most models at this stage). Only under these two preconditions can the whole life cycle development of battery be maximized, and the average use cost of power battery at the user’s end will be lower.

Therefore, from the perspective of battery recycling, it is obvious that the case-by-case power exchange built by the standard box system is more in line with the policy and national conditions. However, from the perspective of automobile enterprises, the whole chassis-type power exchange has less changes to the chassis of the whole vehicle body, and the technical level is relatively easier to realize; However, the modular box-changing technology requires higher requirements for body chassis modification and design cycle. However, it is very interesting that the number of car companies that accept the standard box-splitting power exchange system is far more than that of the chassis-type power exchange model (the total number of cars that are actually put in the box-splitting power exchange system is also more than that of the chassis-type power exchange system). It can be said that many car manufacturers are doing power exchange, and obviously many car companies do not want to play with tickets at this level, but stand higher and look farther.

07 written at the end

On June 5, 2016, China Tower established an energy company with a capital of 5 billion yuan to take the lead in entering the terminal market of power battery ladder utilization, which made it possible for standard box batteries used by modular box-changing electric vehicles and power-changing technology companies to be used in large-scale terminals (compared with special-shaped batteries). The integrity of power battery ladder utilization has been further improved, while the extension of battery ladder utilization industrial chain has further reduced the average use cost of power batteries, which will indirectly reduce the consumption cost of new energy vehicles. From the perspective of industrial chain, does it mean modularity?

We gave time to this problem, but for enterprises that insisted on changing electricity in the early stage, in June 2019, the wind started.

Cctv newsOn April 19th, "News Network" reported that the agricultural and rural economy made a steady start in the first quarter, the foreign trade made a steady start in the first quarter, and emerging markets remained dynamic … … With the intensive release of positive signals, China’s high-quality economic development has a long way to go.

　　The agriculture and rural economy started steadily in the first quarter.

　　The State Council Press Office held a press conference on April 19th. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that since the beginning of this year, China’s agricultural and rural economy has maintained a good momentum of development.

　　This year, the intended planting area of grain reached more than 1.78 billion mu, an increase over the previous year. Effectively deal with the freezing rain and snow and cold wave weather last winter and this spring, and strengthen technical guidance services. Winter wheat grows better than last year and all the year round, and the foundation for a bumper harvest of grain and oil production in summer is gradually laid down, and spring ploughing production is vigorously and orderly promoted. The supply of "vegetable basket" products is abundant, the production capacity of pigs is adjusted and optimized, the production of meat, eggs and milk is increased in an all-round way, and the supply of vegetables and fruits is stable.

　　Rural industries have a good momentum of development. In the first quarter, the added value of agricultural and sideline food processing industries above designated size increased by 3.3% year-on-year. Rural leisure tourism continues to heat up, and e-commerce of agricultural products grows rapidly. The per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 6,596 yuan, 2.4 percentage points higher than that of urban residents.

　　Rural construction and governance have been solidly promoted. By the end of March, the county-level rural construction project library had accumulated 614,000 projects and implemented project funds of 250.74 billion yuan.

　　Multi-measures to promote sustained recovery of consumption and promote high-level opening up.

　　At the press conference held by the State Council Information Office on April 19th, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce said that in the first quarter, foreign trade made a steady start, emerging markets maintained vitality, and developed markets recovered. A survey of key foreign trade enterprises by the Ministry of Commerce shows that enterprises reflecting employment growth accounted for 1-mdash in March; In February, it rose by 1.7 percentage points to 88.8%, and the confidence expectation of enterprises was further enhanced.

　　Foreign investment maintained steady development. In the first quarter, non-financial foreign direct investment was 242.92 billion yuan, up by 12.5%, among which investment in ASEAN and EU grew rapidly, with growth rates of 36.7% and 34.5% respectively.

　　In the next step, the Ministry of Commerce will focus on promoting the continuous expansion of consumption, launch a series of activities around the theme of "Enjoy the benefits of the whole people throughout the year", focus on the cultivation and construction of international consumption center cities and the construction of modern business circulation system, and continue to introduce relevant policies and measures to continuously release consumption potential.

　　Link the world! The cumulative number of overseas buyers attending the Canton Fair has exceeded 120,000.

　　April 19th is the last day of the first phase of the 135th Canton Fair. During the five-day exhibition period, we felt the "attraction" of the Canton Fair, as well as the "centripetal force" of linking the world with new products and technologies.

　　As of April 18, the cumulative number of overseas buyers attending the meeting offline has exceeded 120,000, an increase of 22.7% over the same period of last year. They come from 212 countries and regions around the world. Not only the number of people has increased, but also the sources are all over the world. The top countries include India, the United States, Nigeria, Indonesia and Malaysia.

The quantity of spring ploughing agricultural materials is generally sufficient and the quality is guaranteed.

On April 19, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that the consumption of spring ploughing fertilizers, pesticides and seeds accounted for about half of the annual consumption. Judging from the current situation, the number of seeds, pesticides and fertilizers ploughed in spring this year is generally sufficient.

At present, the rate of fertilizer in place at the provincial and county levels has reached 95% and 90% respectively. The quality of agricultural materials is guaranteed and the prices are relatively stable. The prices of most varieties have declined, but they are still at a historical high level. Generally speaking, the supply of agricultural materials is timely, which can meet the needs of spring ploughing production.

　　Water supply will be completed in 2026! The progress of this major water conservancy project benefiting 14 million people is updated.

　　On April 19th, the largest single project of the second phase of the project of diverting water from Han to Wei — — The pylon of Weihe River Pipe Bridge is about to be completely capped, laying a foundation for ensuring that the second phase of the project of diverting water from Han to Wei River will be completed in 2026.

　　The project of diverting water from Han River to Wei River connects the two major water systems of Han River and Wei River, which is one of the 172 major water conservancy projects planned by the country in the 13th Five-Year Plan.

　　The second phase water transmission and distribution project of diverting water from Han to Wei is an important part of the project, which consists of Huangchigou water distribution hub, south trunk line project and north trunk line project, with a total length of 190 kilometers. It undertakes the key task of transporting Hanjiang River water to 21 targets in four key cities, including Xi ‘an, Xianyang, Weinan and Yangling, 11 county-level cities, 1 industrial park and 5 new cities in Xixian New Area on both sides of Weihe River, which is very important for bringing into play the overall benefits of the project.

　　After the completion of the second phase of the project, 1.5 billion cubic meters of water can be transferred from the Han River every year, and a "north-south allocation" water channel has been added to the main skeleton center of the national water network, which plays an important role in realizing the spatial balance of water resources allocation in China and ensuring the high-quality development of economy and society.

In addition, the second phase of the project of diverting water from Han to Wei covers more than 14 million people, which ensures the water supply safety in Xi ‘an, Xianyang, Yangling and Weinan in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, and will also greatly solve the contradiction of more water resources in the south and less water resources in the north and provide support for high-quality economic and social development.

　　In 2023, frequent extreme weather and climate events once again left a deep impression on people. In China, sandstorms in the northwest, droughts in the southwest, extreme rainstorms in North China and typhoons in South China have all brought rare disasters in recent years. On a global scale, forest fires in Canada, alternating droughts and floods in the United States and India, high temperatures in Europe, and heavy casualties caused by hurricanes in the Mediterranean have also caused shocking consequences.

　　Reality warns people that the negative consequences of climate change are increasing with the rising temperature. At the end of November this year, world leaders will gather in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, to attend the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28). People hope that this meeting will achieve more results and create more favorable conditions for the global response to climate change. We should not only pay attention to the set ultimate goal, but also find feasible paths and effective ways to promote it.

　　On December 12, 2015, in order to cope with the increasingly serious climate change problem, nearly 200 parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change unanimously agreed to adopt TheParis Agreement at the Paris Climate Change Conference to make arrangements for global action to deal with climate change after 2020. At this year’s COP28 conference, all parties will conduct the first global inventory since the Paris Agreement.

　　On September 8th, the report on the inventory results released by the United Nations showed the progress made since the Paris Summit in 2015, and pointed out that compared with the prediction made in 2010 that the global temperature would rise by 3.7-4.8 degrees Celsius by the end of this century, the predicted temperature rise is now 2.4-2.6 degrees Celsius, but it still far exceeds the goal of controlling the temperature at 2 degrees Celsius and trying to control it within 1.5 degrees Celsius.

　　At the same time, the report clearly pointed out that all parties need to respond to climate change in an all-round way with higher ambition and a stronger sense of urgency. At present, global greenhouse gas emissions are still increasing, and to achieve the above goals, global greenhouse gas emissions need to be reduced by 43% compared with 2019 levels by 2030 and 60% by 2035.

　　On the occasion of the upcoming global climate conference, The Paper’s Critical Point combed the climate commitment actions of some major countries in the world. In response to climate change, our window of time and opportunity is shrinking rapidly.

　　United States of America

　　It has been six months since the United States resumed its contribution to the United Nations Green Climate Fund (GCF) and allocated a new $1 billion. Rich countries, including the United States, have not yet fulfilled their climate funding commitments, and developing countries are facing the fact that the speed at which funds are put in place is far behind the increasingly severe extreme weather and climate events.

　　According to British media reports, on October 21 this year, the negotiations on implementing the "loss and damage fund" first proposed at last year’s UN Climate Conference to help countries with fragile climate rebuild their homes reached an impasse. The United States and the European Union proposed that the World Bank should host the fund. However, questa, Chairman of the Group of 77, believes that the effectiveness of the World Bank’s decision-making is difficult to cope with the climate crisis. In addition, if the fund must operate within the legal structure of the World Bank, the wider sources of funds may be limited.

　　Not only is the operation of funds stagnant, but the amount of funds raised at present is still insufficient for the reconstruction of countries with fragile climate. According to American media reports on October 6, at the donor conference held in Bonn, Germany, developed countries promised to provide 9.3 billion US dollars to supplement green climate funds. However, NGOs believe that these funds are not enough to help countries with fragile climate to cope with climate change. It is worth noting that the United States is one of the few developed countries that have not provided new funds.

　　Nine years ago, the United States promised to provide $3 billion to the Green Climate Fund, but so far it has only injected $2 billion. Of the $11.4 billion pledged by US President Biden to developing countries, the country’s Congress only approved $1 billion. In fact, as early as the 15th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP15) held in Copenhagen in 2009, the United States and other rich countries promised to raise 100 billion dollars annually for climate action in developing countries by 2020. This goal was reaffirmed at COP21 in Paris and extended to 2025. According to reports, the current funding gap is as high as $17 billion per year.

　　Fossil fuel subsidies are still soaring, despite the delays in climate finance in rich countries. According to the global regulatory organization Energy Policy Tracker, the public funds flowing to fossil fuels in G20 countries will reach a record $1.4 trillion, more than double the amount before the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019.

　　Restricted by domestic social contradictions and inflation, it is difficult to cancel fossil fuel subsidies in the United States. In the United States, the Supreme Court, which has been dominated by the Republican Party for a long time, keeps opening the floodgates of money politics for the wealthy class. The accumulated polarization between the rich and the poor has laid the groundwork for the social phenomenon that high oil prices are often accompanied by a decline in the support rate of presidential polls. On the other hand, unlike other countries, subsidies in the United States are mainly tax relief for fossil fuel companies, that is, by providing credit and expense deduction to energy producers to reduce production costs.

　　Saudi Arabia

　　Under the pressure of decarbonization, Saudi Arabia, the world’s largest crude oil exporter, launched a comprehensive action to deal with climate change and reduce carbon emissions in 2021 to reduce domestic carbon emissions, including achieving "net zero" greenhouse gas emissions by 2060, planting 50 billion trees in the Middle East in the next few decades, and launching a $10.4 billion clean energy project for the region.

　　However, according to the Financial Times reported on July 23rd, several countries, led by Saudi Arabia, tried their best to stop G20′ s call to reduce the use of fossil fuels. At the same time, Reuters reported that Saudi Arabia and other countries opposed G20′ s proposal to triple renewable energy production capacity by 2030. Saudi Aramco announced in 2021 that it plans to increase crude oil production from 12 million barrels per day to 13 million barrels per day by 2027. According to Agence France-Presse, the total profit announced by Saudi Aramco in 2022 reached a record $161.1 billion.

　　Reduce the burning of fossil fuels at home, so that Saudi Arabia can free up more oil to sell abroad. In this regard, Saudi Arabia attempts to explain the rationality of this contradiction by implementing the "circular carbon economy" plan, which envisages continuing to exploit fossil fuels and adopting new technologies to capture, store or sell carbon emissions. At the same time, according to media reports, Saudi Arabia and other traditional fossil energy countries believe that it is unrealistic to tighten the "faucet" of fossil fuels immediately, and hydrocarbons such as oil, natural gas and coal will continue to become an important part of the global energy structure in the next few decades.

　　Saudi Arabia regards tackling climate change as a long challenge, but the International Energy Agency (IEA) released a report in May 2021, saying that if the world wants to achieve zero carbon emissions by 2050, governments and enterprises of all countries must immediately stop investing in new oil and gas projects. The unresolved issue is also the "carbon capture" technology promoted by Saudi Arabia — — The effectiveness of this technology has not been proved, and the cost of applying it to large-scale mining is too high.

　　"It is believed that the economy based on the exploitation and combustion of fossil fuels can be ‘ Loop ’ The idea is absurd, and the only way it works is to rely on technologies that don’t exist yet. " Matthew Archer, a researcher at the Geneva Institute, said in an interview with the media, "These measures … are full of ambitious and ambiguous language, with few specific plans and no accountability mechanism."

　　Japan

　　Coincidentally, Japan’s climate solution is also questioned. According to local media reports, on September 29th, Japan hosted the 3rd International Fuel Ammonia Conference, which focused on the theme of decarbonization of supply chain and shipping industry. This meeting is a sign of Japan’s commitment to a climate solution, but some experts believe that the solution may not meet the world timetable that urgently needs to reduce carbon emissions.

　　Consistent with all countries, Japan urgently needs to decarbonize the energy sector. At present, Japan plans to reduce the energy share of coal to 19% by 2030. At the meeting, the government and major industries described the vision of using ammonia (a gas composed of nitrogen and hydrogen) on a large scale in the foreseeable future, that is, reducing carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants by replacing fossil fuels with ammonia. Because ammonia combustion will not emit carbon dioxide, and the co-combustion equipment of existing coal-fired power plants in Japan does not need major transformation.

　　From a technical point of view, it seems feasible to burn ammonia to generate electricity. "Japan Times" reported on October 22nd that JERA, Japan’s largest power company, is testing the 20:80 ammonia-coal co-combustion ratio at Binan Thermal Power Station in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It is reported that JERA’s goal is to gradually increase the proportion of ammonia-coal mixed combustion and realize 100% ammonia combustion by 2050.

　　However, with the government and enterprises eager to establish an ammonia fuel supply chain on a global scale, experts began to question the feasibility of ammonia as a decarbonization solution in Japan. Although ammonia will not emit carbon dioxide when it is fully burned, fossil fuel is an essential raw material for ammonia production.

　　In this regard, many Japanese power companies, including Mitsui & Co., Ltd., are exploring a new mode of ammonia production, that is, using fossil fuels to produce ammonia, and at the same time capturing 80%-90% of carbon emissions through CCS technology. Considering the high price and poor performance of CCS technology at present, some ongoing ammonia synthesis projects focus on developing technologies to produce ammonia through renewable energy. However, Motoichi Kato, deputy secretary-general of Japan Clean Fuel Ammonia Association (CFAA), told the media that all ammonia imported from Japan is still produced by traditional production methods, and the new ammonia production technology has not yet covered the whole world.

　　In addition to concerns about carbon emissions caused by ammonia production procedures, experts also said that producing such a large amount of ammonia may pollute the air and water quality. According to the Japan Times, Japan is expected to need 3 million tons of ammonia by 2030 and 30 million tons by 2050. Climate Integrate, an independent climate policy think tank in Japan, warned that fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere to produce ammonia may further disrupt the balance of the global nitrogen cycle. In addition, the increase of nitrogen will lead to eutrophication of marine ecosystem, as well as air pollution and groundwater pollution.

　　South Korea

　　Compared with the above countries, South Korea has not performed well in dealing with climate change in recent years. According to the report updated by Climate Action Tracker on July 17, 2023, the overall rating of South Korea’s actions to deal with climate change is classified as "seriously inadequate". Furthermore, South Korea’s climate policy and energy sector planning still lack the necessary speed and rigor, and can not embark on the road that conforms to the temperature limit of 1.5°C in the Paris Agreement.

　　After the change of government in South Korea in 2022, the country’s climate policy changed, deviating from the 100% renewable energy target previously set by the government. The new president Yin Xiyue publicly stated that the target was "too expensive". According to media reports, on March 21st this year, South Korea announced that it would lower the greenhouse gas emission target of the industrial sector in 2030. According to the plan, the Korean industrial sector is required to reduce carbon emissions by 11.4% compared with 2018 levels by 2030, while the emission reduction target set by the end of 2021 is 14.5%.

　　According to the plan, the carbon emission gap caused by the adjustment will be made up by increasing emission reduction overseas and replacing traditional energy with more renewable energy. However, given that South Korea has reneged on its climate commitments, the way to make up for the plan is still in doubt. According to the Climate Action Tracking Agency, in April 2021, South Korea announced at the leaders’ climate summit hosted by the United States that it would immediately stop providing financing for overseas coal projects. Just one month later, it announced the exception of renovation and approval of related projects.

　　On the other hand, Yin Xiyue decided to revive the nuclear power plan, overturning the previous president’s reform of phasing out nuclear power. It is reported that the Korean government promulgated the tenth power plan in January 2023, aiming at using nuclear energy to realize national decarbonization. Contrary to the original goal of limiting the proportion of nuclear energy to 30% by 2030, the latest goal is to increase the proportion of nuclear energy use to 34.6%.

　　In January 2012, South Korea promulgated the Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard (RPS). According to the International Energy Agency, the plan aims to expand the use of renewable energy and make it a promising market competitor. To this end, the 13 largest Korean power companies are required to increase the use of renewable energy to 14.5% and 17% in 2023 and 2024 respectively, and to reach 25% after 2026. However, according to Yonhap News Agency’s report on January 13th, 2023, the South Korean government lowered the RPS target for this year and next to 13% and 13.5% respectively, and the final goal was postponed until after 2030.

　　Canada

　　Countries that have failed to say what they must do in climate action include Canada. According to the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), since 1990, the country has formulated nine climate plans, but failed to achieve the goals.

　　Even though Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau released a comprehensive emission reduction plan for 2030 on March 29th, 2022, listing a series of actions that the country will take to reduce climate pollution to 40% to 45% lower than the 2005 level by the end of this century, the plan still has many defects.

　　For example, the plan does not provide enough funds to help automobile suppliers increase the sales of electric vehicles according to the government’s goals. Secondly, there are criticisms that the goal is to reduce the climate pollution of the energy industry without limiting production, which will require fossil fuel companies to make great improvements in carbon capture technology.

　　In addition, a report on April 24th said that a recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showed that the Canadian government and enterprises seriously underestimated the current domestic carbon emissions.

　　Britain

　　Backward climate action may also affect the activity of other countries in the field of climate governance. According to media reports on September 20th, British Prime Minister Sunak may dilute Britain’s plan to deal with climate change, including postponing the ban on the sale of new gasoline and diesel vehicles originally scheduled to take effect in 2030, greatly weakening the plan to phase out gas boilers by 2035, and not updating the energy efficiency regulations for housing construction.

　　Sunak said that he is still committed to the legally binding goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2050. At the same time, he also said that Britain can slow down its progress in achieving this goal because Britain is "far ahead of all other countries in the world." However, considering the national election in 2024, Reuters in the United Kingdom believes that Sunak leaked the news of reducing the green policy in order to gain the support of voters who are troubled by high inflation and stagnant economic growth.

　　Britain is the first country to set a legally binding "net zero" goal in 2050. Since 1990, with the closure of coal-fired power plants and the rise of offshore wind power, the country’s carbon emissions have dropped by nearly 50%. However, according to media reports on September 21st, the British government’s independent climate adviser said that Britain still has some shortcomings in achieving its climate goals, and diluting its plan to deal with climate change may further weaken its ability to fulfill its legal commitments.

[US stock index]

On Wednesday, November 13th, US Eastern Time, the three major US stock indexes were mixed, among which the S&P 500 index rose 0.02% to 5985.38 points. The Dow Jones index rose 0.11% to 43,958.19 points; The Nasdaq index fell 0.26% to 19,230.72.

American debt

On November 13th, the benchmark 10-year US bond yield was 4.44%, and the 2-year US bond yield, which is most sensitive to the Fed’s policy interest rate, was 4.27%.

[Hot American stocks]

Among popular US stocks, NVIDIA fell 1.36%, Apple rose 0.40%, Microsoft rose 0.51%, Amazon rose 2.48%, Google C fell 1.54%, Google A fell 1.51%, Meta fell 0.82%, Tesla rose 0.53%, TSMC fell 2.63%, AMD fell 3.02% and Intel rose 3.15.

[global index]

[China index]

On November 12th, overnight Hang Seng Technology Index futures fell by 4.04%, Nasdaq China Jinlong Index fell by 4.45%, and FTSE China A50 Index fell by 1.06%.

[China Stock Exchange]

In terms of popular Chinese stocks, Tencent Holdings (Hong Kong stocks) rose 0.00%, Alibaba rose 0.23%, Pinduoduo fell 0.34%, Netease fell 2.79%, Ctrip fell 3.03%, Baidu fell 0.40%, LI fell 1.15%, Xpeng Motors fell 2.16% and Weilai rose 0.87%.

[foreign exchange commodities]

[Global News]

The probability that the Fed will cut interest rates by 25 basis points in December rises to 82.5%.

According to CME’s "Fed Watch", the probability that the Fed will keep the current interest rate unchanged by December is 17.5%, and the cumulative probability of cutting interest rates by 25 basis points is 82.5%. The probability of keeping the current interest rate unchanged by January next year is 11.9%, the probability of cutting interest rates by 25 basis points is 61.7%, and the probability of cutting interest rates by 50 basis points is 26.5%.

OpenAI shares AI data center construction plan with US government, calling for expanding energy capacity.

OpenAI has shared information with US government officials about how to build an artificial intelligence (AI) data center, which is expected to consume 5 GW of electricity (which will be five times larger than the data center that the company is currently developing). This idea seems to be similar to Stargate, which is the code name of a $100 billion supercomputing data center that OpenAI discussed with its main supporter Microsoft. (Cailian)

Federal Reserve Moussalem: The market currently believes that the Fed may not cut interest rates significantly.

Federal Reserve Moussalem said that it is still too hasty to include Trump’s ruling prospect in December. As bond yields rise, the market also feels higher inflation risks, and there are signs that the market currently believes that the Fed may not cut interest rates significantly.

Federal Reserve Moussalem: There may be room for the policy to gradually relax to neutral interest rates.

Federal Reserve Moussalem said that there may be room for the policy to gradually relax to neutral interest rates, and there may be stronger data (at work) behind the rise in the term premium of national debt. Data since the last policy meeting show that the economy may be much stronger than expected. The inflation data is also strong, but it has not changed the view that the policy is developing in a neutral direction. The latest consumer price index data is "in line with expectations", but I hope to see the data continue to decline on a three-month basis. It is too hasty to include the prospect of Trump’s administration in December. Economic activity and data have become stronger, bringing the risk of inflation rebound.

Federal Reserve Moussalem: It is estimated that the inflation rate will approach 2% in 12-24 months.

Federal Reserve Moussalem said that the inflation rate is expected to approach 2% in 12-24 months; Monetary policy is in a tight state, but the overall financial environment is supportive of economic activities.

NVIDIA plans to cooperate with leading Japanese cloud computing companies such as GMO Internet Group and SAKURA Internet.

NVIDIA plans to develop a national AI infrastructure network by cooperating with leading Japanese cloud computing enterprises such as GMO Internet Group and SAKURA Internet. (Cailian)

Federal Reserve Musalem: In the case of inflation rate higher than 2%, monetary policy will remain "moderately tight"

Federal Reserve Musalem said that monetary policy will remain "moderately tight" when the inflation rate is higher than 2%. If inflation continues to fall, it is appropriate to cut interest rates further. The labor market is still in the range of full employment, and the strong economy is expected to achieve a "steady" performance in the fourth quarter. The economic growth in the United States is extensive, mainly driven by consumption, income growth, productivity, supportive financial conditions and wealth effects.

After the latest US CPI data is released, Citigroup still expects the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates by 50 basis points in December.

After the US CPI report in October met expectations and inflationary pressure generally eased, Citigroup economists still believe that the Fed will cut interest rates by 50 basis points in December. "Although the details are still unstable and not so’ normal’, the easing of salary pressure, the decline of short-term inflation expectations, and the continued pressure of high interest rates on housing demand and prices should reassure Fed officials about the slowdown in inflation," Veronica Clark and Andrew Hollenhorst wrote in a report on Wednesday. Citigroup’s basic forecast is still to cut interest rates by 50 basis points in December.

Meta Platforms will launch advertisements on short video platform Threads in early 2025.

Meta Platforms will launch advertisements on short video platform Threads in early 2025.

Google CEO: The first intercontinental submarine cable connecting the Asia-Pacific region with South America and Australia with Africa is under construction.

Google CEO said that the first intercontinental submarine cable connecting the Asia-Pacific region with South America and Australia with Africa is being built.

On September 12th, the new HARRIER and the new Harrier went on the market at the same time. Although it was only an annual modified model, the two cars had obvious innovations in product strength and configuration.

Let’s look at Rongfang first. The new car has launched nine models including fuel, smart electric hybrid twin-engine and smart plug-in twin-engine. Hybrid has become the absolute main force, and the official price range is 169,800-297,800 yuan. At the same time, various generous preferential policies have been introduced, which greatly reduced the actual car purchase threshold.

Rongfang is a very classic model, known as the originator of urban SUV, the core force of Toyota in the compact SUV market and the star player in the SUV market for a long time.

The new Rongfang overall style fashion movement uses a lot of bold and distinctive designs, which still has obvious visual impact even though it has been on the market for some time. The upgrade of this new car focuses on the internal and external details of the Fashion PLUS version, and the front grille, front and rear bumper guards, wheel eyebrows, and side and rear door trim strips have all been adjusted. Of course, these adjustments are more about tinkering with the old models and basically maintaining respect for the old models.

The new Rongfang interior design still maintains the family design style. The center of the cockpit is a large-size suspended central control panel, three circular steering wheels are easy to use, and the mechanical gear handle is also convenient to operate, while retaining a large number of physical buttons. The new model has been slightly upgraded in the interior material and color, such as the color and grain of the door panel, the door handle in the car has also been added with new decorative strips, and the details of the leather package such as the central armrest and the baffle handle have also been partially adjusted. Of course, these changes are relatively slight, and the overall taste is still familiar. The familiar formula will not be unfamiliar.

In terms of space, the length, width and height of the new Rongfang are 4600 (4610)/1855 (1865)/1680 (1685) mm respectively, and the wheelbase is 2690mm, which is basically the same as that of the old models. It is still positioned as a compact SUV, and the actual riding experience has not changed much.

In terms of power, the new Rongfang offers a wealth of choices. The fuel version of the 2.0L engine has a maximum power of 126 kW and a peak torque of 209 Nm. According to different configurations, the comprehensive power of the 2.5L dual-engine version is 160 kW and 163 kW respectively. The 2.5L plug-in hybrid version of the single motor version has a comprehensive power of 194 kW and a pure electric cruising range of 78 km. The dual-motor (four-wheel drive) version is 225 kilowatts, and the pure electric cruising range is 73 kilometers.

Lingfang is larger in size and higher in level than Rongfang, but its market influence and terminal sales are far less than Rongfang.

The new Lingfang is fashionable and avant-garde, and it seems to have a strong visual impact with Lexus temperament. It is known as Toyota’s "most beautiful SUV". The front face of the new car adopts an approximate X-shaped design, the huge blackened T-shaped air intake is very eye-catching, and the sharp headlights are connected by a chrome strip in the middle, which improves the integrity of the front face.

The profile of the new Lingfang emphasizes the dynamic sense, and an inclined waistline runs through the whole car, which brings a strong sense of dive. The chrome-plated strip of the slightly raised lower porthole makes the body expression richer.

As for the interior, the new Lingfang has adopted a family style similar to Rongfang’s, and the material and technology have maintained the basic level of Lingfang. Although it is slightly conservative compared with the new forces, it is more in line with driving habits in actual use.

In terms of space, the length, width and height of the new car are 4755/1855/1660mm and the wheelbase is 2690mm, which are basically the same as the current models, and the actual ride experience is exactly the same.

As an annual modified model, the biggest change of the new car is that it is equipped with a brand-new hybrid system, and provides a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine and a 2.5L power option. The 2.0L engine has a maximum power of 126 kW and a maximum torque of 206 Nm. The 2.5L hybrid vehicle has a combined power of 160 kW for two-wheel drive and 163 kW for four-wheel drive, matching the E-CVT continuously variable gearbox.

　　Since China’s accession to the WTO (hereinafter referred to as WTO), China has fully fulfilled its commitment to tariff concessions, scientifically and finely adjusted the tariff rate, tax items and special preferential tax policies within the scope of WTO rules, effectively exerted the macro-control function of tariffs, and gradually established a relatively complete tariff system that adapts to the domestic and international economic development trends.

　　(oneThe tariff policy system is improving day by day. First, the tariff level has been greatly reduced. from1992Since the end of the year, China has started a substantial process of independent tax reduction.2001Before China’s entry into WTO in, the general tariff level was changed from43.2%Drop to15.3%, a drop of up to65%.2001Since, China has reduced import tariffs year by year in accordance with its WTO commitments, up to2010In, the commitment of tax reduction after China’s entry into WTO has been fully fulfilled, and the overall tariff level has changed from that before China’s entry into WTO.15.3%Further reduce to9.8%, a drop of up to36%. Among them, the average tax rate of agricultural products is from pre-WTO18.8%Drop to15.2%The average tax rate of industrial products is from before China’s entry into WTO14.7%Drop to8.9%. Compared with the tariff rates promised by member countries to the WTO, China’s overall tariff level is higher than that of the EU (5.3%), the United States (3.5%) and other major developed countries, but significantly lower than India (48.5%), Indonesia (37.1%), Mexico (36.1%) Brazil (31.4%), Argentina (31.9%) and South Africa (19%) and most other developing countries, less than the average tariff rate of countries around the world (40%) of1/4. Among them,15.2%The average tax rate of agricultural products is not only lower than that of most developing countries, but also significantly lower than that of Norway (130.9%), Switzerland (48%) and Japan (22.2%) and other developed countries, about the average tax rate of agricultural products in the world (57.6%) of1/4;8.9%The average tax rate of industrial products is lower than that of most developing countries and less than the average tax rate of industrial products in the world (thirty percent) of1/3. Compared with the actual level of tariff burden, China is even lower. According to WTO statistics,2009The ratio of China’s tariff revenue to total imports in was only1.8%, not only lower than most developing countries such as India, Argentina and Egypt, but also lower than developed countries such as Australia and New Zealand, and similar to developed countries such as Japan and the United States.

　　The second isThe tariff items are further refined.1992In, China began to set up tariff items based on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System of the World Customs Organization. According to the international practice, the tariff items were set aseightBit encoding, and respectively in the1996Years,2002Nianhe2007In, the Harmonized System with the World Customs Organization was revised synchronously, and the pace of revision was consistent with that of developed countries and faster than that of most developing countries. At the same time, according to the needs of customs supervision and the rapid development of science and technology, some products, new technology products and commodities subject to import and export management measures unique to China have been added.eight hundredMultiple national subheadings,eightNumber of tax items by2001Annual7111Gradually increase2011Annual7977A.

　　The third isThe tariff structure has been continuously optimized. In recent years, while the overall level of tariffs has gradually declined, the structure of China’s tariff rate has been continuously optimized. The import tariffs on primary products such as energy, resources and raw materials have been greatly reduced, and the import tariffs on intermediate products such as some key parts and important mechanical and electrical equipment have been selectively reduced. Take gasoline and diesel oil as an example, the import tariff has changed from before China’s entry into WTO.1996Annual9%Down to the current implementation1%and0%. At present, the tax rate of imported energy and resource products in China generally does not exceed5%Among them, key commodities such as crude oil, coal and iron ore have been subject to zero tariffs. The import tariffs on consumer goods have been greatly reduced. Such as automobile import tariffs by1996Annual100%-120%Fall to the present25%, the decline is nearly80%In the past ten years, the tax reduction process of developed countries has been completed for 50 or 60 years, while the automobile tariffs of India and Brazil, both BRICS countries, are as high as.57%and35%. At present, China’s tariff rate on imported cosmetics, clothing, bags, shoes, hats, watches and other consumer goods is at a medium-low level internationally. Louis Vuitton made in France (LV) handbags, for example, China’s import tariffs are10%South Korea and India are respectively8%and10%, the United States and Japan are9%and12%The tariffs imposed by Brazil and South Africa arethirty percent. After more than ten years of adjustment, the average tax rates of primary products, intermediate products and finished products in China are about5.9%、6.7%and10.6%, and1996Three kinds of products in9.7%、16%and26.2%Compared with the tax rate, not only the tax rate is greatly reduced, but also the structure is obviously improved, which basically realizes the transformation from "high level and narrow tax base" to "low level and wide tax base" and forms a more reasonable tax rate structure.

　　(2) The role of tariff control has been effectively exerted. First, adjust the provisional import tax rate and optimize the structure of imported goods. In recent years, China has made centralized adjustments to import tariffs every year in the form of provisional tax rates, focusing on reducing the import tax rates of important energy resources products, agricultural means of production, basic industrial raw materials, advanced technical equipment and key parts, and some commodities closely related to people’s daily lives, and expanding the scope of commodities involved year by year.2011At the beginning of the year660A number of commodities are subject to provisional import tax rates, and the average tax rate is lower than5%Compared with the most-favored-nation tax rate, the preferential margin reaches50%Above. Since then, according to the changes in macroeconomic operation, since2011yearsevenmoononeSince June, it has further reduced some energy raw materials such as refined oil, non-ferrous metal raw materials and textile raw materials, as well as some disaster relief items and daily commodities.33The import tariff of a commodity, the preferential margin reached.50%. The implementation of the provisional import tax rate has effectively promoted the import of related commodities and the development of upstream and downstream industries, and played an important role in meeting the needs of economic and social development. On the one hand, the import of energy, resources, raw materials and other primary products located in the upstream of the industrial chain has continued to grow rapidly, and its proportion has been continuously improved, which has strongly supported domestic industrial production and economic construction; On the other hand, the imports of consumer goods located in the lower reaches of the industrial chain have also maintained steady growth, which has played a positive role in enriching domestic market supply and promoting domestic consumption growth. According to the statistics of customs trade,2011In, China imported primary products and consumer goods respectively.6043.8Billion dollars and1059.1Billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase.39.3%and34.5%, both higher than24.9%The overall increase of imports, accounting for the total import34.7%and6.1%The proportion has increased year on year.3.7and0.5Percentage points.

　　The second isConstantly enrich tax collection methods and effectively play the role of tariff leverage. The method of taxation is becoming more and more complete. At present, in addition to ad valorem tax, China also applies sliding duties to imported cotton beyond quota, selective tax to imported natural rubber, compound tax to imported electronic video recording equipment, specific tax to imported photosensitive materials and seasonal tax to exported chemical fertilizers. Different tax methods are adopted according to the characteristics of different commodities, which not only fully considers the interests of many parties, takes care of the relationship between upstream and downstream industries, but also comprehensively balances the relationship between supply and demand, and has received good regulatory effects. At the same time, the leverage of tariffs is effectively exerted. In recent years, according to the changes in the international and domestic economic situation and other regulatory measures introduced by the state, we have effectively responded by adjusting import and export tariffs in a timely manner.2007The price of raw materials in the international market rose in,2008The price of grain products in domestic and foreign markets rose in,2009Foreign trade fell sharply in,2010International commodity prices rose in,2011The complicated situation, such as excessive annual price increase, has effectively ensured that the domestic market supply and the overall price level are basically stable.

　　The third isImplement special preferential tariff policies to promote scientific development. In recent years, by formulating preferential tax policies on tariffs and import links, we have vigorously supported industrial transformation and upgrading and independent innovation of enterprises, effectively cooperating with the implementation of national development plans such as ten key industries, strategic emerging industries and major scientific and technological projects. At the same time, the orientation of tariff policy is further tilted towards public utilities such as science, education, health, culture and public welfare, supporting the improvement of people’s livelihood. such as2008The preferential tax policy for import of major technical equipment, implemented since, exempts key parts and raw materials imported by domestic enterprises for R&D and production of major technical equipment from customs duties and import value-added tax, and cancels the corresponding tax-free policy for import of complete machines and complete sets of equipment. With the support of this policy, domestic200A number of equipment manufacturing enterprises have developed a number of products with independent intellectual property rights and core technologies by introducing technology to digest, absorb and innovate, and achieved leap-forward development.

　　The next step is to strengthen the preliminary thinking of tariff system construction: First, pay more attention to the scientific and planning adjustment of tariff rate and tax items, and change from reactive and temporary adjustment to active and forward-looking adjustment, forming an efficient, scientific and strict policy adjustment mechanism. Second, pay more attention to the construction of tariff policy system, further strengthen and improve the role of tariff leverage, and change from studying and introducing individual policies to strengthening policy coordination and policy convergence, so that tariff policies and other regulatory measures can form a joint force and enhance the regulatory effect. Third, pay more attention to the performance evaluation of tariff policy, from paying attention to policy design to paying attention to the evaluation of policy implementation effect, optimize the evaluation model and improve the evaluation method. In addition, the Ministry of Finance will actively and steadily promote various multilateral and bilateral tariff negotiations in accordance with the principle of mutual benefit and win-win, and change from designing a single negotiation plan to making a master plan and formulating a standardized negotiation plan.