The change of SAA level has important clinical value for early diagnosis, risk assessment, curative effect observation and prognosis evaluation of infectious diseases.

Infectious diseases are common types of diseases in clinic. Infectious diseases are characterized by various pathogens, diverse infection routes and individual differences in symptoms and signs, which can lead to serious consequences if they are not diagnosed and treated effectively in time. Therefore, how to make early diagnosis and/or differential diagnosis of infectious diseases is a practical problem that needs to be solved urgently in clinic.

A(serum amyloid A (SAA) is a nonspecific acute phase reaction protein, and its clinical value as a marker of inflammation has been widely concerned in recent years.The change of SAA level has important clinical value for early diagnosis, risk assessment, curative effect observation and prognosis evaluation of infectious diseases.In addition to the increase in bacterial infection, SAA is also significantly increased in viral infection. According to the degree of increase or combined with other indicators, bacterial or viral infection can be indicated, thus making up for the deficiency that commonly used inflammatory markers can not indicate viral infection at present.

Clinical significance of SAA

1, rapid diagnosis of bacterial infection and virus infection;

2. SAA is more sensitive than CRP in the early stage of infection and weak inflammatory stimulation, which can provide better differentiation;

3. Sensitive reaction, which can be used as a sensitive index to reflect infection and inflammation control;

4. It is widely used in auxiliary diagnosis of infectious diseases, risk prediction of coronary heart disease, dynamic monitoring of curative effect and prognosis of tumor patients, monitoring of transplant rejection and monitoring of improvement of rheumatoid arthritis;

5. The combined detection of SAA, CRP and PCT can better reflect the complementary advantages, provide another basis for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections, and better reflect the clinical value-added significance that can not be reflected by single indicators;

6. SAA combined with CRP can provide powerful data for the differential diagnosis of early bacterial and viral infections and guide the use of antibiotics;

7. Especially in the early diagnosis of infectious diseases in children and neonatal septicemia, it is more significant than single diagnosis in the early identification of bacterial and viral infections in infectious diseases in infants;

8. The increase of SAA and hs-CRP concentration may be positively correlated with the prediction of the risk of cardiovascular events in healthy people in the future, and the increase of both indexes is more significant for predicting the risk of cardiovascular events.

Clinical interpretation of SAA level

Summary of applicable departments, indications and clinical application of SAA

SAA is widely used in auxiliary diagnosis of infectious diseases, risk prediction of coronary heart disease, dynamic observation of curative effect and prognosis of tumor patients, observation of transplant rejection and observation of improvement of rheumatoid arthritis. Clinically, SAA concentration < 10 mg/L is normal, which is consistent with CRP reference range.

Early diagnosis of virus infection：SAA will increase rapidly in both bacterial and viral infections.CRP will only increase when there is bacterial infection. Based on this feature, the combined detection of SAA and CRP is more unique than that of CRP alone.For example, in two cases of fever caused by physical factors and cold caused by virus infection, CRP may be normal, and if SAA is increased, it may indicate that virus infection tends to increase.

Early diagnosis of bacterial infection;SAA index is more sensitive than CRP in early infection,It rises earlier and falls faster and more sharply when it recovers.In the early stage of infection, weak inflammatory stimulation SAA is more sensitive than CRP and can provide better differentiation.

Differential diagnosis between bacterial infection and virus infection;Simultaneous detection of both can provide powerful data for differential diagnosis of early bacterial and viral infections. Especially in the early diagnosis of infectious diseases in children and neonatal septicemia, it is more significant than single diagnosis in the early identification of bacterial and viral infections in infants and young children. As written in Laboratory Medicine, Volume 5, No.32, May 2017, Application of Serum Amyloid A and C-reactive Protein Detection in the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases in Children:Combined detection of CRP and SAA can determine the type of infection more quickly and accurately, and provide effective laboratory basis for early diagnosis and follow-up treatment of diseases!

Risk predictors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events:The increase of SAA and hs-CRP concentration may be positively correlated with predicting the risk of cardiovascular events in healthy people in the future.The increase of both indexes is more significant for predicting the risk of cardiovascular events.

Tumor severity and prognostic evaluation index：SAA in patients with many tumors, such as liver cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, etc., has increased to varying degrees.SAA level has obvious correlation with the active stage, malignant degree and metastasis of tumor, and the metastasis stage of malignant tumorSAAElevations usually show higher values than those in the stable phase of tumors.Therefore, SAA, as a non-specific index, can be used as an index for dynamic observation of curative effect and prognosis of tumor patients.

Preferred indicators for monitoring graft rejection;The change of SAA concentration is a very sensitive index for transplant rejection. Studies show that 97% of renal transplant rejection is based on the increase of SAA, while the CRP concentration changes little.thereforeSAA concentration can be used as the first choice to monitor rejection.

Infection/Inflammation Solutions

The combined detection of SAA, CRP and PCT can effectively distinguish bacterial infection from viral infection, predict the risk of cardiovascular events and evaluate the prognosis of tumor diseases.

Comparison of three markers

Author/Tank

In the film market in 1996, with the gradual popularization of television in ordinary families, journalists who reported films turned their attention to television. Similarly, social investors and institutions who like movies have also scattered their money bags on TV, which has led to TV dramas becoming a hot topic for film and television audiences. The film has only become a "minority carnival" in some first-and second-tier cities.

However, the film reform is still going on. The opening of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee, the convening of the National Film Work Conference and the promulgation of the "Regulations on Film Management" issued by the State Council have subtly changed the film market. In addition, it was also from this year that 5% of the movie box office was drawn as a special fund. Prior to this, the special fund was 5 cents per movie ticket, and with the average ticket price exceeding that of 2 yuan in 1996, this rule was improved accordingly.

However, the film market in 1996 was not as stable as expected.

The main theme film won the domestic film championship,

But was criticized by the leaders.

　 　　

Compared with the box office performance of record-breaking domestic films such as Red Cherry and Sunny Days in 1995, the domestic film market in 1996 can only be described as a fiasco. On the one hand, it may be because the large-scale influx of imported sub-accounts has raised the taste of the audience. On the other hand, it is really the quality of domestic films.

Indeed, since 1995, when imported blockbusters officially stimulated the film market in China, many state-owned studios also fell into panic, and both their investment ability, market grasp and internal management of enterprises were in an embarrassing situation. Even more than half of the state-owned studios can only maintain the situation by selling factory logos, renting venues and charging staff to lend labor fees. It is precisely because of the overall sluggishness of the domestic film market that in March of that year, the working conference of the National Film Bureau was held in Changsha. The market prospect of domestic films was discussed.

At the meeting, China filmmakers put forward the requirements of the boutique strategy, specifically the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", that is, during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, 10 films were made every year, and a total of 50 boutique films were made in five years.

However, the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" has not become the turning point of China’s film quality, and the pressure of the film bureau leaders on various studios has not turned into the motivation of quality, but has become a misunderstanding of the creative concept. After the meeting in Changsha in March, studios quickly adjusted their creative themes, and at one time a large number of biographies describing the heroes of the times almost became hot topics. Because of the low production cost, many films gradually came out after two or three months. But it has become a new disaster in the history of China movies.

In 1996, among the top ten box offices in China, only one domestic film entered the list, ranking ninth, and it was also the main theme film "Kong Fansen" with group ticket bonus. The film produced by Shandong Film Studio is expected to reach 60 million party member X2 yuan (average ticket price) = 120 million box office before release, setting a new box office record for domestic film history, but the film ended with only 36 million yuan.

In the academic journal The Art of Film, which is sponsored by the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and specializes in film criticism and film theory research, Mr. Gao Jun commented that China doesn’t need too many domestic films of the type of Kong Fansen-"The hero theme can take many forms, including poetry, radio dramas, feature films, reportage, etc., and the film art has its own special rules, so it is not necessary to make all films."

The relevant leaders of the Film Bureau also criticized at the conclusion meeting at the end of the year, arguing that Kong Fansen had nothing to do with the film marketization, and even announced the water injection rate of the film. "Red-headed documents are pioneers, and group booking is the main source of its box office. According to the data reported by more than 20 provinces across the country, only about 5% of the audience pay for their own movies, while the proportion in Beijing is even only 0.51%." As a result, the situation that the film is full of seats is very serious throughout the country, wasting a lot of party fees and union dues as a supplement to the film market, which is contrary to the development law of socialist market economy.

To the surprise of all filmmakers at that time, 23 years later, such films have become the absolute mainstream of the domestic film market.

China Film lost its monopoly on imported films.

　 　

The discussion about China Film’s monopoly on imported sub-accounts has been discussed since 1994. Later, we know that the establishment of Huaxia in 2003 partially ended the monopoly of China Film’s import sub-accounts, but in fact, in 1996, the relevant reforms had tried to break this deadlock.

In 1996, 54 imported films were issued nationwide, of which 51 were issued by China Film, and the other three were Long Film, North Film and Shanghai Film, each of which issued some accounts.

However, the practice in those days was not dominated by these three state-owned companies. Instead, China Film Company still signed contracts with foreign investors, and then the three state-owned film companies signed agency distribution contracts with China Film Company respectively, and then distributed them independently throughout the country. Changying, Beiying and Shangying respectively chose Future Water World, The Game of the Brave and Toy Story to distribute in different accounts throughout the country. All three films have achieved good results, but this distribution model has not been systematically promoted on a large scale afterwards.

Jackie Chan’s never to lose 4, the box office champion in 1996, was translated into Bai Jinlong and introduced to the mainland of China in that year. Like Hongfan District, this film was also introduced during the Spring Festival in parallel with the Hong Kong market. Although the film did not achieve the success of "Hong Fan District", it still achieved 80 million box office results. In terms of imported movies, action movies still occupy the dominant position in the market, such as Tornado, Broken Arrow, Game of the Brave, Adventure Island, Mission Impossible, Future Water World, etc. Except The Bridges of Madison County, all other imported movies are action, adventure and sci-fi movies, which are basically consistent with the current imported film market. Among the Hong Kong films, Jackie Chan’s film is the most appealing, which has obvious advantages over other films.

In first-and second-tier cities, imported films have become the absolute main force of the market. In Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, the box office revenue of imported films has reached more than 70-80% of the whole year. This phenomenon will continue for more than five years.

Market polarization is serious,

Where is the next step of reform?

　 　

With the gradual opening of the market, the competition intensifies. The polarization of China film market is becoming increasingly obvious.

In addition to the polarization of box office volume between domestic films and imported sub-accounts films, the polarization of ticket warehouse market is also intensifying. Developed provinces and big cities began to occupy more and more market share. Take the comparison between 1995 and 1996 as an example: among the 32 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, the top five provinces and municipalities accounted for 49% of the total box office in 1995, and the top ten accounted for 68%; In 1996, the top five provinces and cities rose to 56%, and the top ten provinces and cities rose to 75%, and the gap was getting bigger and bigger.

The beginning and end effects of the cinema are becoming more and more obvious. In 1996, there were about 500 cinemas in China, and the top 100 cinemas accounted for more than 35% of the box office. Of course, this was the overall trend of reform and opening up at that time. Let some people get rich first, that is, let some cities or cinemas prosper first. Polarization is also a normal phenomenon caused by fierce competition in the market.

Star Studios, since 1996, have also received more and more attention from the industry.

Among them, Shanghai Daguangming Studio is the first studio in China. This cinema alone has an annual box office output of 20 million, which is 1.69% of the national box office. The capital cinema, which is the number one in Beijing, scored exactly 20 million in 1996.

However, compared with the polarization of ticket warehouses, how to really produce good domestic blockbusters became the most puzzling problem for China filmmakers at that time. The problems faced during the period of institutional reform of the film industry were complicated, and how to carry out macro-control. The "Ninth Five-Year Plan" failed, and the rule that the number of domestic films and the proportion of films should account for more than two-thirds of the overall market at Changsha Conference has almost become a dead letter, but the road of "boutique strategy" for domestic films cannot be changed. Maybe the movie market in 1997 will give us a surprise?

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　　On March 20, 2019, the national patrol work conference and the third round of patrol mobilization deployment meeting of the 19 th Central Committee were held in Beijing. The picture shows the conference site. Zhang Yixin/photo

　　On December 14, 2018, the Fourth Inspection Team of Tianjin Municipal Committee conducted a centralized judgment on the problems found in the joint inspection and inspection. Meng Jie/photo

　　Feidong County, Anhui Province has carried out in-depth special governance in the field of poverty alleviation, taking formalism and bureaucracy as important contents, comprehensively using effective measures such as first-line visits, stationing supervision, and patrol inspections, and intensifying inspections of poverty alleviation projects before, during, and in post supervision, so as to seriously pursue the responsibility of those responsible for poverty alleviation malpractices such as dereliction of duty, false poverty alleviation, and "digital poverty alleviation". The picture shows that on May 23, 2018, the supervision cadres of the Discipline Inspection Commission of Liangyuan Town, Feidong County went to the village to understand and verify the poverty alleviation projects in the breeding industry. Photo courtesy of the people Xu Qingyong/photo

　　Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the Central Leading Group for Inspection Work and inspection agencies at all levels have faithfully performed the duties entrusted by party constitution, strictly implemented the regulations on inspection work, unswervingly deepened political inspections, kept pace with the times, innovated ways and means, paid equal attention to finding problems and implementing rectification, actively explored up-and-down linkage, and achieved remarkable results and achieved a good start. The party’s patrol work adheres to practice, understanding, re-practice and re-understanding, deepening in inheritance and developing in deepening. In the face of the new era and new requirements, we must continue to thoroughly study and implement the important exposition and requirements of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on inspection work, sum up and apply the achievements of inspection theory, practice and system innovation, deepen the understanding of regularity, and strive to make inspection work more scientific, rigorous and effective, so as to make greater contributions to promoting the comprehensive and strict administration of the party, consolidating and developing the overwhelming victory in the anti-corruption struggle, winning the battle to build a well-off society in an all-round way, realizing the goal of "two hundred years" and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　First, thoroughly study and implement the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and deeply understand the responsibility and mission of the inspection work in the new era.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is the latest achievement of Marxism in China, the action guide for the whole party and people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the guiding ideology that the party and the country must adhere to for a long time. This is a scientific conclusion drawn by our Party from the combination of history and reality, theory and practice, domestic and international, and enshrined in party constitution and the Constitution. We deeply feel that this important thought has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, showing the majestic power to lead the new era, the reform, development and stability of various undertakings have made continuous progress, and the pace of building a well-off society in an all-round way has been firmly advanced. To do a good job in the patrol work in the new era, it is essential to consistently arm the mind, guide practice and promote work with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress, consciously think and understand in the overall situation of the party and the country, accurately grasp the responsibilities, missions and requirements entrusted by the new era, and earnestly enhance the ideological consciousness, political consciousness and action consciousness of doing a good job.

　　Deeply understand the important guarantee role of patrol in winning the victory and building a well-off society in an all-round way.Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream of China people in modern times. This dream embodies the long-cherished wish of several generations of Chinese. Standing in the new era, facing the unprecedented changes in the world and the complicated and ever-changing domestic and international situation, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made strategic arrangements for the goal of "two hundred years". This year and next year will be the crucial period and the closing period for building a well-off society in an all-round way and achieving the goal of the first century. The CPC Central Committee has deployed a series of major tasks. Central decision-making and implementation by all parties; The goal is set and must be implemented. The more important the historical juncture, the more arduous and arduous the task, the more we must resolutely achieve the "two maintenances", unite our will, act in unison, and move forward in unison; The more we must achieve "three strictness and three realities", earnestly perform our duties and responsibilities, and creatively implement them in combination with reality. As the party’s patrol and political patrol, patrol shoulders the great political responsibility of supervising the implementation of the party’s major policies and ensuring the smooth implementation of the Party Central Committee’s decrees. We must improve our political position and consciously serve the overall situation, adhere to the patrol work policy of "discovering problems, forming a shock, promoting reform and promoting development", resolutely break the formalism and bureaucracy in implementing the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee, resolutely correct and cure problems such as selective implementation and false implementation, and form a political ecology with a clean atmosphere.Provide a strong guarantee for building a well-off society in an all-round way.

　　Deeply understand the important role of patrol in improving the supervision system of the party and the state.Our party’s overall leadership and long-term governance must put public power under effective supervision to ensure that public power is not abused or deteriorated. The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made arrangements for comprehensively deepening the reform, proposed to strengthen the restriction and supervision system of power operation, and demanded to improve the inspection system of the central government, provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities to achieve full coverage of localities, departments, enterprises and institutions; The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made further arrangements for improving the supervision system of the party and the state, and demanded deepening political inspections; Party constitution has a special article in the "Party’s Organizational System" to stipulate the patrol inspection system. As a strategic institutional arrangement of inner-party supervision, patrol must closely focus on the goal of improving the party and state supervision system, promote the organic combination of top-down organizational supervision and bottom-up democratic supervision, promote the effective connection between patrol supervision and discipline supervision, supervision supervision and stationed supervision, promote the coordinated connection between inner-party supervision and external supervision, form a full-coverage power supervision pattern, let public power run under strict supervision, and let party member cadres and those who exercise public power get used to working and living in an environment under supervision and restraint, so as to ensure the use of power according to law.

　　Deeply understand the important sword role of patrol in unswervingly administering the party strictly and consolidating the overwhelming victory in the anti-corruption struggle.At present, new major achievements have been made in strictly administering the Party in an all-round way, and the anti-corruption struggle has won an overwhelming victory. However, the situation is still severe and complicated. Strictly administering the Party in an all-round way is always on the road. At any time, we must not have the idea of relaxing and resting our feet. We must be firm, persistent and make contributions for a long time. The patrol work should accurately grasp the situation and tasks of strictly administering the party in an all-round way, insist that the party should govern the party in an all-round way, persist in seeking truth from facts, adhere to the rule of law and discipline, persist in the word "strict" for a long time, dare to struggle, be good at fighting, play an important role in maintaining party rules, strictly observing party discipline, and improving party style, and play a unique role in promoting non-corruption, non-corruption and non-corruption. It is necessary to take finding problems as the main task, focus on key people, key things and key problems, maintain the high-pressure situation of punishing corruption, and continue to strengthen the shock of not daring to rot; Find out the shortcomings of the system and mechanism through inspections, promote deepening reform, improve the system, standardize the operation of power, and secure the cage that cannot be corrupted; Take patrol as the process of strengthening party spirit education, and guide party member cadres to strengthen the party’s consciousness and discipline consciousness, and enhance their consciousness of not wanting to rot. This is the fundamental responsibility of patrol as a weapon of the party and the country.

　　Second, closely follow the fundamental task of "two maintenance" and promote the concretization and normalization of political supervision.

　　Patrol is essentially political supervision. "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Opinions on Strengthening the Party’s Political Construction" clearly requires "deepening political inspections, strengthening political supervision, and making efforts to find and correct political deviations". To promote the high-quality development of inspections, political supervision must be strengthened. Political supervision is not vague, but concrete and practical. We should firmly grasp the "program" and "soul" of "two maintenance" and give full play to the role of political guidance. It is necessary to focus on the implementation of the political responsibilities of party committees (leading groups), supervise and inspect the implementation of the party’s line, principles and policies, the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, and the implementation of the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, prevent and resolve major risks, and find and promote solutions to problems such as policies, countermeasures, orders and prohibitions. It is necessary to focus on strict political discipline and rules, strengthen supervision and inspection of the implementation of laws and regulations such as party constitution and certain norms of inner-party political life under the new situation, focus on finding and promoting solutions to problems such as political alienation, ideological degeneration, organizational cronyism, duplicity in action, double-dealing and "seven haves", and promote the purification of political ecology. We should focus on getting rid of formalism and bureaucracy, and urge party organizations at all levels and party member cadres to fully understand the serious harm of formalism and bureaucracy politically.Efforts should be made to find and promote the solution of formalism and bureaucracy problems in implementing the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, connecting with the masses, serving economic and social development, learning style, inspection and investigation, and to thoroughly find and correct the wrong manifestations of not fearing, not caring, shouting slogans and pretending to be deployed by the CPC Central Committee, as well as the outstanding problems such as vague statements, making momentum in response to the situation, perfunctory responsibilities, etc., so as to promote the cracking of ideological roots and resolutely eradicate the breeding and spread of formalism and bureaucracy. We should focus on rectifying corruption and work style around the masses. Adhere to the people as the center, focus on finding and promoting the solution of people and things that the masses strongly reflect, and promote the solution of practical problems that affect the vital interests of the masses, so that the masses can feel that strict management of the party and the party is at hand, and that the integrity of the party and anti-corruption are at hand, and constantly consolidate the political foundation of the party’s governance. It is necessary to accurately grasp the connotation and scope of political supervision, analyze and judge problems realistically, and prevent generalization and simplification.

　　Three, closely form a "four full coverage" power supervision pattern, and promote the integration of inspection supervision and other supervision.

　　Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has conducted two rounds of inspections and visited 65 party organizations. Party committees (party groups) of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and central units conducted inspections of party organizations in 200 cities, 1,040 counties and 1,416 enterprises and institutions, and made solid progress in full coverage. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to promote full coverage with high quality, connect inspection supervision with other supervision, and focus on it in a three-dimensional way to form a joint force. We should thoroughly grasp the law of power supervision and effectively enhance the effectiveness of supervision. On the one hand, we should adhere to the patrol work policy, strengthen the problem orientation, combine patrol with purifying the political ecology, combine with rectifying the problems strongly reflected by the masses, and combine with solving the outstanding problems found in daily supervision. We should be good at finding problems, reporting problems truthfully, promoting the solution of problems, and give full play to the role of patrol in strengthening self-supervision within the party. On the other hand, we should pay more attention to improving the "four full coverage" supervision pattern of discipline supervision, supervision supervision, stationed supervision and patrol supervision, deepen the cooperation mechanism between patrol and discipline inspection and supervision, organization, audit, letters and visits, and build a scientific, strict and effective supervision network, so that supervision and restraint will follow wherever power is exercised. The central inspection agency and the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection have studied and established a cooperation mechanism. Discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels and inspection agencies should also establish and improve relevant mechanisms in light of the actual situation, share shared information, resources, strength, means and supervision results, and effectively turn institutional advantages into supervision efficiency.

　　Fourth, closely follow the "second half of the article" of the inspection and promote the implementation of the main responsibility and supervision responsibility of the inspection and rectification.

　　Patrol rectification is the touchstone to test the "four consciousnesses". If the rectification is not implemented, it is disloyal to the party and irresponsible to the people. It is necessary to take the promotion of rectification as the key link in the inspection work, and come up with effective and effective measures to grasp it and grasp it in place. It is necessary to compact the patrol and rectify the main responsibility. Establish a list of rectification responsibilities, and the party Committee (party group) secretary shall assume the responsibility of the first responsible person, and directly deploy, directly participate in and directly supervise the inspection and rectification. All members of the leading group should put their work, responsibilities and themselves into it, insist on starting from their own level, rectify any problems if there are any, and whoever should rectify them should resolutely prevent perfunctory response, shirking their responsibilities and making mistakes while changing, and resolutely prevent the simple accountability of subordinates from replacing the rectification at the same level. It is necessary to strengthen supervision and inspection of rectification. The discipline inspection and supervision organs should take the initiative to follow up, take the supervision and rectification as an important starting point for daily supervision, and do the daily supervision in depth and detail through investigation and supervision, letter supervision, on-site supervision, and return visit supervision. The organization department should organically combine the supervision and rectification with the daily work of selecting and employing people, and strengthen the organizational guarantee for rectification. It is necessary to combine solving common problems and outstanding problems with improving the system and promote the formation of a long-term mechanism for rectification. We should make good use of the sharp weapon of accountability, and be seriously accountable for the failure to implement the rectification responsibility and the ineffective rectification. It is necessary to improve the open mechanism for rectification. Take the public rectification as an important measure to stimulate the endogenous motivation of rectification, and regularly inspect the rectification, including the rectification measures, planning arrangements, rectification results and progress of the inspected party organizations.We must be specific, timely and accurate, consciously accept the supervision of the masses, and win the trust of the people with the effectiveness of rectification.

　　Five, closely follow the patrol work to develop in depth and extend to the grassroots, and promote the improvement of the patrol inspection pattern of up and down linkage and up and down.

　　It is a clear requirement of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to establish a supervision network linking patrol inspection up and down. The fundamental purpose is to strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee on patrol inspection, so as to achieve full horizontal coverage, full vertical links and "a game of chess" throughout the country. It is necessary to study and formulate the guidance of the up-and-down linkage supervision network for patrol inspection, strengthen the top-level design, improve the system and mechanism, and promote the construction of a more perfect, rigorous and efficient patrol inspection pattern. It is necessary to deepen the expansion of inspections in provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. Provincial patrol is the key link of up-and-down linkage, which plays a connecting role. The party committees of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities should thoroughly implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on inspection work in light of the actual situation, strengthen overall planning and make overall arrangements; Strengthen the leadership, guidance and supervision of the inspection work in cities and counties, patrol with patrol belts, coordinate regional linkage, and push the inspection work to the end. It is necessary to promote the inspection of central units by classification. The central unit has a wide range, a wide field and a large number, which is an important link of up-and-down linkage and integration. It is necessary to pay close attention to the study and formulation of guiding opinions on the inspection work of central units, strengthen classified guidance, and promote related work; Combined with the characteristics of industries and fields, we will establish a coordination mechanism with the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, the Ministry of Education and other units to jointly promote the inspection and inspection of universities under the central management of enterprises, party committee secretaries and principals. It is necessary to promote the inspection of cities and counties to extend to the grassroots. City and county inspection is the basic link of up-and-down linkage. It is necessary to compact the main responsibility of city and county party committees, strengthen the organization and leadership of inspection work in this area, and formulate work plans and specific measures in time.Efforts will be made to strengthen the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, such as benefiting the people and the people, tackling poverty, revitalizing the countryside, and eliminating evils, and strive to find and promote the solution of corruption and unhealthy practices around the masses, so that the masses can have more and more direct sense of happiness and security.

　　Six, closely follow the standardization of inspection work, and promote the compliance with the rules and regulations in accordance with the law throughout the whole process and all aspects.

　　Standardization of inspection work is an inherent requirement for implementing the rule of law and the rule of the party, and it is also an important guarantee for the high-quality development of inspection work. We should conscientiously implement the important requirements of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, improve working rules, standardize working procedures, strictly control internal management, and take standardization construction as a basic work. It is necessary to improve and implement the inspection system. Summarize the experience of practice and innovation in time, concretize and program the principled and general provisions in the party constitution and the patrol regulations, and gradually form an institutional system with party constitution as the foundation, patrol regulations as the mainstay, supporting supporting systems, coordinated content, strict procedures, complete facilities and effective use, so as to ensure that the patrol inspection work has rules to follow and rules to follow. Strengthen the implementation of the system, resolutely act according to the party rules, patrol regulations and work rules of party constitution, adhere to and improve the patrol report system, strictly implement the requirements of "not interfering with the normal work of the inspected areas (units) and failing to perform the duties of discipline review", strictly abide by the boundaries of duties and prevent chaos. It is necessary to strengthen information construction. Comprehensively promote the use of patrol inspection data management system, starting from the central patrol organization, and drive the whole system to connect up and down, integrate resources and form a joint force. Formulate guiding opinions on the informatization construction of patrol inspection, promote the establishment of a scientific, efficient and safe network platform for patrol inspection, make it reliable, controllable, usable and easy to use, and promote standardization through informatization. It is necessary to strengthen standardized team management. Put the party’s political construction in the first place and carry out in-depth "Do not forget your initiative mind, remember the mission "theme education, improve political consciousness and political ability. Select the team leader and deputy team leader, strengthen the education and training of discipline and law of patrol cadres, and improve the professional level of team rule of law. Strict discipline requirements, fully implement the post-evaluation system of discipline style, seriously investigate and deal with behaviors such as patrolling for personal gain, exceeding authority, running wind and leaking air, and resolutely prevent "black under the lamp".

Fast Science and Technology reported on January 4th that Tank 300, as the domestic off-road "online celebrity Car", has a sales volume of 10,000 vehicles all the year round. However, the PHEV plug-in version of this car has not been launched for a long time, which makes many car owners waiting for money very anxious.

According to domestic media reports, Gu Yukun, executive deputy general manager of the Great Wall TANK brand, said when talking about the listing time of the tank 300 Hi4-T in Weibo recently:"300 is currently in global supply, close to full capacity, and is coordinating production capacity resources. It is expected to be listed after the Spring Festival."

This year’s Spring Festival holiday is from February 10th to February 17th. From the time point of view, the tank 300 Hi4-T will be listed in late February at the earliest.

Prior to this, the tank 300PHEV plug-in version has appeared in the new car declaration catalogue of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the car will also be the tank 300 Hi4-T version.

It is equipped with the same 2.0T engine and ternary lithium battery pack as the tank 500 Hi4-T,The total energy of the power battery pack is 37.11kWh, matching the vertical 9HAT gearbox.The maximum power is 185kW, which is stronger than the 167kW of 2.0T on the current fuel version.

The battery life is 105 kilometers, and the fuel consumption is 2.29L/100km. Based on the price of No.92 gasoline in Beijing today, it only takes about 17 cents to run one kilometer.

However, this is the fuel consumption of the vehicle under WLTC condition, and the fuel consumption should be above 5L/100km when driving in urban areas or off-road conditions.

Even so, compared with the fuel consumption of 9-10L/100km in the urban area of the fuel tank 300, the fuel consumption level of the tank 300 Hi4-T version will be greatly reduced, and the competitiveness of the vehicle will be enhanced simultaneously.

[Autohome Suzhou Discount Promotion Channel] Recently, the promotion in Suzhou is underway, with a maximum discount of 28,000 yuan and a minimum starting price of 188,600 yuan. For more preferential information, you can click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get higher discounts.

The exterior design of the Eπ 008 is unique and full of technology. The front face adopts a family-style Xingyao air intake grille, with sharp LED headlights on both sides, showing a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth, the overall style is tough and stylish, highlighting its unique personality and charm.

车系eπ008拥有5002*1972*1732mm的长宽高尺寸，轴距为3025mm，前轮距和后轮距均为1650mm，确保了宽敞舒适的车内空间。车侧线条流畅而动感，搭配265/45 R21规格的轮胎和时尚的轮圈设计，突显出强烈的运动气息。

eπ008的内饰设计采用了简约而不失科技感的风格，车内采用了大量高品质材料，提升了整体的豪华感。方向盘采用真皮包裹，手感出色，并且支持手动上下和前后调节，满足不同驾驶者的个性化需求。中控台上配备了一块15.6英寸的高清触控屏，集成了多媒体系统、导航、电话、空调等多种功能，并且支持语音识别控制，提高了操作的便捷性和智能化水平。车内还配备有USB和Type-C接口，方便乘客为电子设备充电。前排座椅采用了仿皮材质，支持前后调节、靠背调节、高低调节以及腰部支撑调节，提供舒适的乘坐体验。主驾驶座椅还具备加热、通风、按摩功能，并配备了头枕扬声器，提升了舒适性和娱乐体验。副驾驶座椅同样支持多种调节功能。第二排座椅支持靠背和腿托调节，提升了后排乘客的舒适度。此外，后排座椅可以按比例放倒，增加了行李空间的灵活性。

eπ008搭载了一台1.5T 147马力的高效L4发动机，最大功率达到108千瓦，最大扭矩则为210牛·米。与之匹配的是电动车单速变速箱，为车辆提供了强劲的动力输出和平顺的驾驶体验。

汽车之家车主 对 eπ008 的外观给予了高度评价，她表示：“外形很大气！前脸很帅！颜值高！开出去回头率很高！车标也简洁！” 这种设计无疑使得 eπ008 成为了路上的一道亮丽风景线。

The car home-Shanghai preferential promotion channel brings good news. XT6, a luxury SUV model of Cadillac, is carrying out an explosive price reduction preferential activity. In Shanghai, consumers can enjoy an attractive discount of up to 123,000 yuan, which makes XT6, which originally started at 312,700 yuan, have a more competitive price. This undoubtedly provides an excellent opportunity for car buyers to buy a car. If you want to seize this discount, click "Check the car price" in the quotation form immediately, and let professional consultants help you win a higher discount amount and realize your dream of luxury car.

Cadillac XT6 shows the modern design concept of elegance and strength. Its front face design is unique, and the iconic shield-shaped air intake grille is made of chrome, giving the vehicle exquisite and atmospheric visual effects. The overall style of streamlined body lines combined with tough contours creates an aesthetic experience that pays equal attention to luxury and dynamics. XT6 fully demonstrates Cadillac’s unique views on luxury SUV design, both in details and overall shape.

Cadillac XT6 shows the unique charm of luxury cars with its elegant and smooth side design. The body size is 5056mm x 1964mm x 1777mm, and the wheelbase is 2863mm, which ensures a spacious interior space. The balanced distribution of the front wheel track of 1687mm and the rear wheel track of 1683mm not only enhances the stability of the vehicle, but also improves the dynamic performance of driving. Tyre size is 235/65 R18, with exquisite rim design, which is not only practical and wear-resistant, but also adds visual beauty to the vehicle. On the whole, XT6’s side lines are in harmony with proportions, which shows the perfect combination of luxury and strength.

The interior design of Cadillac XT6 continues the exquisite style of luxury brands, and adopts a steering wheel wrapped in high-grade leather, which brings a comfortable grip and excellent texture. The 8-inch central control screen integrates multimedia functions and is easy to operate. It supports USB, SD and Type-C interfaces to meet the diverse needs of drivers for multimedia. In terms of seats, leather-like materials are used, and the main and passenger seats provide four-way manual adjustment, including front and rear, backrest and height. The front seats are also equipped with heating function, and the driver’s seat also has electric memory function. The second row of seats is also practical, supporting front and rear and backrest adjustment, and has the function of proportional reclining, providing passengers with flexible seating space and loading convenience. The overall interior design takes both luxury and practicality into consideration, showing the high-end positioning of Cadillac XT6 as a luxury SUV.

Cadillac XT6 is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 174 kW and a maximum torque of 350 Nm. This power unit can provide a strong output of 237 horsepower, matched with a 9-speed automatic manual transmission, ensuring the efficiency and driving pleasure of the vehicle.

To sum up, Cadillac XT6 has won high praise from car home car owners for its domineering appearance and excellent body technology. He said that this car can not only meet the needs of male car owners for face, but also make people satisfied with the details. Therefore, XT6 is undoubtedly a quality choice worthy of consideration for consumers who pursue quality and style.

It’s hot spring season again, and many Tang Chi people are everyone at first sight.

Source | Nanchuan Release

On the weekend, I recommend several places with good reputation and not so crowded. It will be refreshing to soak in hot springs this winter!

Ba’ nan dong hot spring

East Hot Spring is a hot spring with excellent reputation in Chongqing, with relatively few people and high cost performance.

Source | Banan Wenlv

There is the only natural hot-spring sauna in Asia, where you can take a steam bath or a water bath, and the privacy is excellent.

Any local goods can be bought in the town, and it is no longer convenient to eat and barbecue.

Source | Banan Wenlv

There are many farmhouses around, surrounded by green hills and flowers. And it contains private soup. I recommend staying here for one night.

As for which family is less, which one is better, just wait for you to find out for yourself.

Figure source | worm network

Location:Wubu Riverside, Dongwen Town, Banan District

Self-driving route:Urban Area-Kaiying Road-Huyu South Line Expressway-Maliu Avenue-—S415—-DongWenquan

Bus route:Take a long-distance bus to Sanfengquan at the four-kilometer hub station

Play around:Ancient Buddha Cave, Baisha Temple and Fengsheng Ancient Town

Beibei Bailian Hot Spring

Bailian hot spring is known as the best SPA garden hot spring in Asia. Whether it is positioning or slogan, it sounds domineering.

Figure source | Beibei Tourism

It is backed by the ancient temple, and the Jialing River is quiet in front. Most of the ponds are surrounded by plants. You can soak in the hot springs while enjoying the fresh air in the mountains, which is wonderful.

Figure source | Beibei family

Bailian Hot Spring is expensive, but it is a good place for self-cultivation.

If the pursuit of cost-effective, you can also go to Beibei Shili Hot Spring City bubble, the same number of people.

Figure source | worm network

Location:Beibei District North Hot Spring Park

Self-driving route:Urban Area-Inner Ring Expressway-Lanhai Expressway-Beiquan Road-Lanyu Line-Bailian Hot Spring

Bus route:Take Line 6 to Beibei, and then transfer to No.503 to BeiWenQuan.

Play around:Wenquan Temple and Jinyun Mountain

Jiulongpo shangbang pushi hot spring

Shangbang is adjacent to the original ecological forest and natural Hailan Lake in Jinyun Mountain, and there are golf courses and villas nearby, so the environment is very elegant.

Figure Source | Jiulongpo District Culture and Tourism Development Committee　

There are more than 30 hot spring Tang Chi with different functions, which are divided into spa area, essential oil area and medicated bath area. There is also fish therapy, and you can soak for as long as you want.

Figure Source | Jiulongpo District Culture and Tourism Development Committee

There are also golf courses and villas nearby, and the environment is very elegant. The lawn area is very large, and you can have a lawn PARTY in your spare time.

There are many roast whole sheep nearby, and you can get one to mend your body.

Figure Source | Jiulongpo District Culture and Tourism Development Committee

Location:No.3 Shangbang Road, Jinfeng Town, Jiulongpo District

Self-driving route:Urban area-Shuangbei Avenue-Xicheng Avenue-Xinwu Avenue-Gaoxin Avenue-Shangbang Pushi Hot Spring

Bus route:Take bus No.293 and get off at Lianhua New Station.

Play around:Huayan Temple and Baguocheng

Bishan Tiancihua Takinoyu

Tiancihua Takinoyu integrates hot springs, restaurants and hotel accommodation, providing customers with one-stop service, which is very suitable for friends gathering or family travel.

Source | Tiancihua Takinoyu

Its hot spring design is also very interesting. The hot spring pool is designed in the middle of the building and surrounded.

The quality of spring water is also good, and a small arch bridge has been built in the hot spring, which looks like a flowing family in the south of the Yangtze River.

Source | Tiancihua Takinoyu

Peacocks and parrots are also kept in the lobby, and children like to chase and play, which is extremely suitable for parent-child tours.

It’s close to Bishan Outlets, and you can also sweep the goods.

Source | Tiancihua Takinoyu

Location:Bishan Bicheng Town Wenquan Road

Self-driving route:Main City-Tiancihua Takinoyu-Bishan Outlets-Main City

Bus route:Take Jianbi Line to Bishan, and then transfer to Tiancihua Takinoyu bus.

Play around:Bishan Outlets and Xiuhu Park

Tongliangdragonhot spring

Tonglianglong Hot Spring is located at the foot of Bayue Mountain near Xuantian Lake, with beautiful surroundings and affordable prices.

Source | Tonglianglong Hot Spring

Ten steps, one pavilion, one pavilion, one pool and one secret realm. Every Tang Chi is surrounded by trees, just like being in the jungle.

Figure Source | Beautiful Copper Beam

The spring water here is rich in sulfur and other substances, and the mineral smell can be smelled with your nose.

After soaking in hot springs, you can also taste all kinds of delicious food, starting from your body and warming up to your taste buds.

Source | Chongqing Tongliang Radio and TV Station

Location:Tongzi Yuanlong Hot Spring Resort, Bachuan Town, Tongliang District

Self-driving route:Main City-Shuangbei Tunnel-Chengdu-Chongqing Ring Expressway-Longteng Avenue-Dragon Hot Spring

Bus route:Chen Jiaping Bus Station/Longtousi Bus Station/Caiyuanba Bus Station-Tongliang, and then transfer to the bus at Long Hot Spring.

Play around:Anju Ancient City, Bayue Mountain and Xuantian Lake

Dazu longshuihu hot spring

There are green mountains, green water and a five-star lakeside hot spring, and the surrounding scenery is breathtaking.

Tuyuan | Longshuihu Resort

It is said that the hot spring water of Longshui Lake comes from the rare water source of Triassic underground rock strata. You can enjoy the beautiful scenery around Longshui Lake while soaking in hot springs.

Tuyuan | Longshuihu Resort

Open-air pools are mostly on the hillside, separated by scattered levels and greening, and the embellishment of red berries is quite artistic.

There are many pools in it, including a big surf pool and a small theme pool, and all kinds of pools are available here.

Tuyuan | Longshuihu Resort

Location:Dazu Yulong Town Longshuihu International Leisure Resort

Self-driving route:Main City-Yurong Expressway-Sanhuan Expressway-Longshuihu Hot Spring

Bus route:Chen Jiaping Bus Station/Longtousi Bus Station/Caiyuanba Bus Station-Longshui Lake

Play around:Dazu Stone Carvings, Changzhou Ancient City

Nanchuan jinsanquan hot spring

Dear friends who want to go to Jinfo Mountain in winter to feel the ice and fire, they will first think of Tianxing Hot Spring, but at the weekend, you will give everyone Amway to Jinsanquan Hot Spring.

Source | Nanchuan Tourism

Jinsanquan Hot Spring is located on the north slope of Jinfo Mountain, surrounded by green plants, and the air is fresh and natural.

Source | Nanchuan Tourism

Jinsanquan hot spring has cold, warm and hot springs, and many small pools are built halfway up the mountain, with different curative effects. In the evening, you can smell the flowers, watch the moon and count the stars here.

There is also a water park in the indoor hot springs, with large slides, water rushing gates, water rollers and so on.

Source | Nanchuan Tourism

Location:No.98, Foshan East Road, sanquan town, Nanchuan District

Self-driving route:Main City-Inner Ring Expressway-Baomao Expressway-Yinbai Expressway-Jinsanquan Hot Spring

Bus route:Longtou Temple Distribution Center-Jinfo Mountain

Play around:Jinfo Mountain and Lixiang Lake

After reading the recommendation of weekend jun

Do you already know?

Hurry and choose one.

Let’s take a trip to the hot springs.

Original title: soaking in water refuses to crowd people! These original ecological hot springs are picturesque.

[Disclaimer] The texts, pictures, audio and video that are not marked with "Source: Upstream News-chongqing morning post" or "Upstream News LOGO" on the upstream news client are all reposted. If the reposted manuscript involves copyright issues, please contact the upstream news.

Many people will follow the trend when buying a car, and many technology configurations can greatly enhance people’s daily convenience, which is still very worth buying. What xiaobian wants to introduce to you today is. The strength of the car still needs to be understood before we know, so let’s take a look.

First of all, from the appearance, the whole head of the Extreme Fox Alpha T looks avant-garde and sporty. Combined with simple headlights, the visual effect is very impactful. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Come to the car side, the car body size is 4788MM*1940MM*1683MM, the car uses full lines, the car body looks very sporty, with large-sized thick-walled tires, the overall visual effect is very angular. In the design of the rear end, the rear end looks very dignified, and the taillights give people a very simple feeling, and the whole looks very simple.

Sitting in the car, the interior design of the polar fox Alpha T is very tough and meets the aesthetic standards of young people. The car’s steering wheel design is very calm, equipped with electric up and down+front and rear adjustment, steering wheel memory, steering wheel heating and other functions, giving people an impulse to control it. Let’s take a look at the central control, which is decorated with a 20.3-inch central control screen, which makes the interior style impressive and conforms to the temperament of the car. The interior feels good. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard design is remarkable, and the shape takes the sports route. The car uses a leather-like seat, the seat is wrapped in place, and the overall ride feels soft and comfortable.

Extremely Fox Alpha T matching gearbox, the acceleration time of 100 kilometers is 4.6s, and the power is completely OK for daily use.

Next, look at the configuration. The Extreme Fox Alpha T is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, rear wiper, interior atmosphere light and other configurations.

Do you have the urge to buy a car after reading the whole article? Let me make a summary. Such a car with the right price is enough to meet the daily practical needs, and it doesn’t take much thought to maintain it at ordinary times, and the cost performance is good.

[car home Nantong Preferential Promotion Channel] Recently, a substantial price reduction is being carried out in Nantong, with the highest preferential amount reaching 28,000 yuan and the lowest starting price reduced to 74,900 yuan, which has brought unprecedented opportunities for consumers to buy cars. If you are interested in Roewe RX5, please click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a higher discount.

Roewe RX5 adopts a stable front face design, and the air intake grille is decorated with a large area of chrome, showing a sense of luxury and strength. Overall style, Roewe RX5 has smooth lines and full body contour, showing a unique sense of sports and fashion.

Roewe RX5 has a body size of 4655*1890*1664 mm and a wheelbase of 2765 mm, creating a spacious and comfortable interior space. The body lines are smooth, and the waistline extending from the front of the car to the rear of the car outlines a dynamic outline. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1590 mm and 1584 mm respectively, ensuring stability and handling. Equipped with 18-inch rims, tyre size is 215/60 R18, which highlights the sports style.

The interior design of Roewe RX5 is mainly simple and atmospheric, and the layout of the center console is reasonable. With the 12.3-inch central control screen, it is full of science and technology. The steering wheel is made of leather, which feels comfortable and supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth. The car is equipped with advanced speech recognition control system, which can easily control multimedia system, navigation, telephone, air conditioning and skylight. The seat is made of imitation leather. The main seat supports front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment and height adjustment (2-way), while the auxiliary seat supports front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment. The rear seat can be tilted in proportion to meet different use requirements. The car is also equipped with multiple USB and Type-C interfaces to facilitate passengers to charge electronic devices.

Roewe RX5 is equipped with a 1.5T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 138kW and a peak torque of 300N·m, providing strong power output. The engine adopts a four-cylinder layout and cooperates with a 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox to ensure efficient and smooth power transmission and bring excellent driving experience to drivers.

He spoke highly of the appearance of Roewe RX5. He originally planned to choose velvet silver, but finally chose Yunjin grey. Family and friends all praised the gray as young and dynamic. @ Haina Baichuan 36D said that the streamlined design of the front face and the side of the car body met his aesthetic standards.

　　"The national management measures for network information security of medical institutions are being drafted and will be introduced soon." A source recently told the Economic Information Daily at the China Internet Conference that after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, the global medical and health data were frequently attacked by hackers, and China began to pay attention to the value of medical and health data, hoping to improve the overall security level of medical and health data through multi-dimensional methods such as legislation and strengthening supervision.

　　Medical health data is widely used.

　　Medical and health data are widely used in various scenes of daily life. For example, through big data, we can efficiently analyze the ingredients, dosage and time, and find the best combination of rational drug use; Through a large number of clinical data for scientific analysis to find the cause, and clinical cause analysis and chronic disease monitoring; Genomic analysis of rapid screening and prediction of diseases and potential genetic defects through a large number of gene sequence analysis; After collecting remote disease data from patients, combined with a large number of clinical etiology data analysis, remote medical diagnosis and treatment is realized; Collect data through smart wearable devices to realize the detection of human vital signs, early warning of potential health risks and health management; Apply big data and other algorithms to formulate medical insurance payment standards, and conduct accurate medical insurance decision analysis based on this.

　　Wang Kai, deputy director of the Institute of Hospital Management of the Health and Health Commission, said that the medical industry is related to the national economy and people’s livelihood. Once medical data is tampered with, destroyed and leaked, it will definitely pose a serious threat to the reputation of medical institutions, the privacy and health safety of both doctors and patients, and even affect social harmony and stability.

　　Kai Wei, deputy director of the Institute of Cloud Computing and Big Data of China ICT Institute, told the reporter that based on the sensitivity of medical big health data, since 2016, the state has successively issued a number of medical health data security policies to regulate, including Guiding Opinions on Promoting and Regulating the Development of Health Medical Big Data Applications, Administrative Measures for Internet Diagnosis and Treatment, Administrative Measures for Internet Hospitals, Administrative Regulations for Telemedicine Services, and Administrative Measures for National Health Medical Big Data Standards, Security and Services.

　　"Even with so many regulations, medical and health data security incidents occur frequently, and the data security situation is very serious." He said that especially after the epidemic, the risk of data security has further intensified.

　　Health data security risks have intensified after the epidemic.

　　In April 2020, the World Health Organization issued a statement saying that the number of cyber attacks during the epidemic increased five times year-on-year. Chianxin Group released a series of network security reports, pointing out that after the outbreak of the epidemic in 2020, the medical and health industry surpassed the government, finance, national defense, energy, telecommunications and other fields for the first time in the history, and became the primary target of global APT (cyber attacks and invasions launched by hackers for the purpose of stealing core data). 23.7% of APT events in the world are related to the medical and health industry. China surpassed the United States, South Korea, the Middle East and other countries and regions for the first time and became the primary regional target of global APT activities.

　　Xiao Xinguang, chairman of Antian Science and Technology Group, revealed that during the fight against the epidemic, China’s health care system, vaccine research institutions, research institutes, etc. have frequently encountered network intrusion attacks. In April, 2020, the source code of China medical company AI testing Covid-19 technology experiment data was stolen and sold by hackers.

　　During the epidemic period, information leakage incidents of individuals and patients in medical institutions are more frequent. In January, 2020, the leaders of a city health management department forwarded the COVID-19 patient report through WeChat. In November, 2020, in order to remind a unit within its jurisdiction to do a good job in epidemic prevention, the leader of an urban health management department forwarded the "Brief Introduction of Suspected Secret Access Investigation" to WeChat, causing the units within its jurisdiction to send this information in large numbers.

　　In addition, the remote network diagnosis and treatment method has been widely accepted after the epidemic, and many hospitals across the country are applying for Internet hospitals and smart hospitals. Insiders pointed out that the unsafe risk of medical and health data may be further aggravated due to the use of the network to transmit diagnostic data, photos and other information.

　　It is reported that the current medical health insecurity risks are mainly reflected in eight aspects.

　　First, online medical data: health medical data such as inspection reports, diagnosis results and past medical history are at risk of illegal access, stealing, tampering and malicious uploading due to vulnerability attacks and virus infections;

　　Second, medical associations access data: in the process of accessing and browsing sensitive data, medical associations and third-party service organizations may lead to the risk of disclosure of important information such as doctor-patient privacy;

　　Third, clinical research data: clinical research data involves demographic data, inspection information, inspection information, drug orders, diagnostic information, cases and patient reports. Once leaked during transmission, the consequences will be very serious;

　　Fourth, medical insurance data: medical insurance data involves docking with third-party institutions, and faces security risks in system docking, data transmission, data use, data storage, data destruction and other links;

　　Fifth, medical equipment maintenance data: when medical device manufacturers maintain telemedicine equipment, the data will face security risks such as unauthorized access, unsafe links, disclosure of private data, improper maintenance records, etc.

　　Sixth, the data of health big data center: the lack of classification and grading mechanism leads to data security risks such as illegal login, unauthorized access, abnormal access, impersonation query, batch theft, and plaintext disclosure;

　　Seventh, wearable health device data: wearable device data has different levels of security risks in the stages of collection, storage and use;

　　Eighth, medical health APP data: mobile applications involve many online health care services, and there are hidden dangers of revealing personal health status data, payment data, health resource data and public health information.

　　Improve the overall level of data security in multiple dimensions

　　"There are also some health-sensitive data that are illegally leaving the country. The leader of a well-known domestic hospital reached a cooperation agreement with a foreign company to illegally launch a sensitive data research project. The foreign company has remote unrestricted access to the sample data of the research project. " An industry insider pointed out that in the face of complex situations, medical institutions and other relevant departments need to improve the overall level of medical health data security in multiple dimensions.

　　Kai Wei pointed out that, on the one hand, we should strengthen supervision and promote the formulation and improvement of data security management measures in the health care industry. On the other hand, we should formulate and improve the supporting standard system of medical and health data security, establish an industry cooperation mechanism, and make collaborative innovation and open sharing.

　　"The Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Wellness has formulated a supervision platform for Internet hospitals in Beijing, requiring medical institutions that carry out Internet diagnosis and treatment services in Beijing to connect with the supervision platform and accept the supervision of the platform." Zheng Pan, deputy director of the Information Center of the Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, said that as of June this year, 19 Internet hospitals had been approved in Beijing, and all of them had been docked with the supervision platform.

　　It is reported that the contents of the Internet hospital supervision platform include upgrading the established electronic registration platform for medical administration and management, and realizing the management of medical resources such as institutions, doctors, nurses’ electronic certificates, ambulances and medical advertisements; Build a medical service and practice supervision platform to realize real-time dynamic supervision of Internet hospital approval and Internet diagnosis and treatment; Construction of medical services and practice supervision platform, construction of medical services, diagnosis and treatment behavior and other information collection system and data display system, to achieve the supervision of medical resources and medical services in physical medical institutions.