With the coming of summer, drinks to cool down and relieve summer heat have once again become people’s first choice. Natural coconut water is the "flow code" in the beverage industry in recent years. Not only do it often sell out of stock, but coffee, milk tea and other drinks made with coconut water often occupy the list of young people’s must-order. However, recently, some netizens discussed it hotly, because they bought coconuts that were opened in advance and drank coconut water inside, which caused discomfort. As a result, topics such as "Can you drink coconut water" and "Who is not suitable for drinking coconut water" have boarded the hot search.

　　Today, let’s take a look at the safety of coconut water, how to drink it is the healthiest, and who is the most suitable?

　　Drinking coconut water leads to vomiting, diarrhea and high fever?

　　The so-called coconut water is the clear liquid poured out from the coconut after it is cut open, which has a very light sweet taste and a unique natural flavor. Coconut water contains no fat, and the fat is all in the white coconut meat.

　　The reason why coconut water was on the hot search this time was because it brought some trouble. Netizens said that they bought a coconut with a pre-opened mouth and drank a few mouthfuls of coconut water, only to find that the coconut water was a little turbid. Then he felt dizzy and dizzy, and then he felt sick and vomited. After getting better, I didn’t go to the hospital for treatment, but I had a high fever the next day.

　　In fact, this high probability is caused by pathogenic bacteria or bacterial toxins in coconut water.

　　Originally, the coconut shell was tightly sealed to protect the coconut meat and coconut water inside and avoid the entry of external microorganisms. However, after opening, the coconut loses its sealability and will come into contact with the bacteria in the air and the bacteria on the opening tool.

　　Why is coconut after opening suitable for rapid propagation of microorganisms and bacteria?

　　Coconut water contains sugar, vitamins and minerals, which is suitable for rapid propagation of microorganisms. At the same time, coconut water, a "small fresh" fruit juice, has low acidity, and sugar and nutrients are directly dissolved in water instead of hidden in fruit cells, so its resistance to bacterial proliferation is too weak. It is weaker than orange juice, apple juice, tomato juice and other juices with certain acidity and polyphenols, so it is especially necessary to be careful.

　　If coconuts are stored at room temperature for a long time after opening, bacteria will multiply in large numbers, which may lead to bacterial food poisoning. Netizens found that the coconut water, which should have been clear, was a little turbid, which was the visual result caused by bacterial reproduction. This is exactly the same reason that egg soup, rice soup and noodle soup will go bad at room temperature.

　　Bacterial food poisoning may cause nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, physical weakness, dizziness and headache, and even chills and fever.

　　Because the body is weak after food poisoning, other harmful microorganisms may take advantage of it, and there may be inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and gums, or, as netizens have said, tonsils are in trouble again.

　　Deteriorated coconut water will produce mycotoxins?

　　Some people on the Internet say that the spoiled coconut water may produce Pseudomonas cocoanum, which will produce highly toxic mycotoxins. Because this case did not do microbial culture of coconut water samples, it is impossible to judge what kind of pathogenic bacteria or bacterial toxins caused the poisoning only by the symptoms.

　　It can only be said that coconut water contains carbohydrates. In an unsafe temperature environment, it can breed a variety of pathogenic bacteria and may also produce a variety of toxins, which cannot be prevented.

　　In a word, coconuts opened in advance have food safety risks. Consumers had better buy the whole coconut directly, and it is safer to ask the clerk or stall owner to open it at that time after buying it. It should be refrigerated immediately after opening, even if it is refrigerated, it is best to eat it on the same day. Eating coconut meat is the same.

　　Why can packaged coconut water be stored at room temperature?

　　100% coconut aquatic products on the market are sterilized and packaged. The bacteria inside have been killed, and the packaging outside is sealed, so microorganisms can’t get in, so it can be safely stored at room temperature for a long time before it is opened.

　　However, once opened, bacteria can enter, which is no longer safe and must be drunk as soon as possible.

　　What should I do if I don’t finish the coconut water in a big package at one time?

　　What if the package of coconut water is too big to drink at one time? Then pour out a part of it and drink it first. The rest of the box should be covered immediately and put back in the refrigerator for refrigeration. Never drink with your mouth to the bottle mouth, which will cause serious bacterial pollution. Even if it is refrigerated, it can’t last long. It is recommended to drink it all within 24 hours.

　　Not only coconut water, but also other liquid foods, such as milk, juice and drinks, need to be refrigerated in time after opening. How long it can be stored in the refrigerator depends on the product characteristics and sterilization process.

　　Generally speaking, products with particularly high acidity have slow microbial proliferation, such as lemon juice, cola, orange juice, etc., and they may not be spoiled or moldy even if they are refrigerated for 48 hours.

　　Those drinks with low acidity should not be refrigerated for more than 24 hours in most cases.

　　Who is suitable for drinking coconut water?

　　Coconut water is not rich in various vitamins, but it is particularly rich in potassium, and the potassium content per 100 grams can be as high as more than 200 mg, while the sodium content is relatively low, with a small amount of calcium and magnesium. At the same time, the sugar content is still relatively low, only 3% to 6%, which is in line with the standard of low-sugar drinks (the sugar content in 100 ml is less than 5 g).

　　Because the osmotic pressure is not high and the sugar content is low, coconut water is a good hydrating drink. For northerners, compared with buying coconuts directly, it is more cost-effective to buy a large box of coconut water at a discount and drink it with the whole family.

　　Because of its high potassium content, low sugar content and low calories, coconut water is more suitable for hyperuricemia and hypertension patients than other fruit juices. Coconut water is also a good thing for people who eat too much salt, or too much meat, lack of fruits and vegetables, and imbalance of potassium and sodium.

　　If you add a little salt and some water, coconut water can also be used as a sports drink. If you drink it directly, because potassium is high and sodium is low, it is not enough to make up for the loss of sodium after sweating a lot.

　　However, people with kidney disease who need to limit potassium can’t drink a lot of coconut water.

　　Coconut water does not have the aroma of coconut meat, but the aroma is in fat. Coconut meat is emulsified and mixed with coconut water, or without coconut water, white water is added directly, and some sugar and emulsifier are added, which is the daily coconut milk.

　　There is no doubt that all milky drinks contain fat. This is true for milk, soy milk, peanut milk, walnut milk, and coconut milk. Milky white is the optical effect after fat emulsification. Therefore, milk-white coconut milk drinks, or coconut milk products used to mix desserts and drinks, have much higher calories than coconut water, and saturated fat accounts for about half of its fat. The aroma and taste are great, but the nutritional value of protein and vitamins is much lower than that of milk and soybean milk.

　　Text/Fan Zhihong (director of China Nutrition Society, chief expert of science communication hired by China Association for Science and Technology)

　　Nowadays, independent brand manufacturers are striving to improve their brand image and product strength. From some models with good reputation and sales in recent years, we can see that the gap between domestic cars and joint venture cars is gradually narrowing, especially in the hot market of SUV, some domestic products have impressed us deeply. Today, we have brought you four representative domestic SUVs of about 100,000 yuan.

　　Guide price: 97,900-153,900 yuan

　　Highlights of the model: completely positive research and development, Chery flagship SUV

　　Chery Tiggo 7 is a heavyweight model launched by Chery in 2016. As the flagship of the Tiggo family, Chery has made great efforts on it. Different from Tiggo 3 and Tiggo 5, Tiggo 7 is launched according to Chery’s "V-shaped forward development system" process, and it is the first model based on Chery’s new platform, which can be described as a great progress of its own brand.

　　In terms of appearance, Tiggo 7 is very recognizable. The front of the car has created a layered shape with several lines, and the concave design of the air intake grille is very innovative.

　　Like the front of the car, the rear part adopts a concave design, which reflects the overall design language. The inverted triangle taillights have a geometric aesthetic feeling.

　　In terms of interiors, the simple and atmospheric style is suitable for all ages. The three steering wheels that run independently in the middle are unique in shape and will not give people a bloated feeling. The brown leather package of the center console and door panel feels good, and the central console hardly uses metal decorative parts, which gives people a just right feeling.

　　The instrument panel adopts the combination of mechanical watch and LCD screen, and the style is very novel. The counter-clockwise tachometer is interesting, but it needs a little adaptation.　　

　　The UI of the multimedia system is well designed, simple and beautiful, with navigation, multimedia, communication and other functions, supporting Carplay, and equipped with Chery Clouddrive in-vehicle interconnection system.　　

　　Tiggo 7 offers two power options: a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine with a maximum horsepower of 122 horsepower and a peak torque of 180 Nm, and a CVT gearbox. The 1.5T turbocharged engine has a maximum horsepower of 152pp and a peak torque of 205nm, which is matched with a 6-speed manual gearbox or a 6-speed dual-clutch gearbox. The driving experience is mainly smooth, and the chassis has a good texture.

　　　 Editor’s comment: Forward research and development is an attempt from scratch. As the former "boss" of its own brand, Chery has the courage to take this step and proved its R&D strength. Although it doesn’t surprise people in design, configuration and power, it is still very competitive in an all-round and balanced way, which can be described as a solid step taken by Chery.

The people’s governments of all prefectures and cities, the Administrative Committee of Central Yunnan Industrial New District, and the provincial committees, offices, departments and bureaus:

In order to implement "Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting Information Consumption and Expanding Domestic Demand" (Guo Fa [2013] No.32), take accelerating the sustained growth of information consumption as an important starting point for our province to change its mode, adjust its structure and promote new economic growth points, and promote consumption upgrading, industrial transformation and improvement of people’s livelihood, we hereby put forward the following implementation opinions:

I. Significance

(1) Promoting information consumption is conducive to cultivating new economic growth points. With the continuous acceleration of information technology innovation, information consumption has gradually become an important growth force in the domestic consumer market, showing a strong penetration and driving role. Information consumption not only promotes the expansion of total consumption, but also drives the adjustment and upgrading of consumption structure, which provides sustained endogenous power for economic growth, accelerates and promotes the innovation of business models in other industries, and forms new economic growth points, which is conducive to improving the quality of economic development and realizing sustained and rapid economic development.

(2) Promoting information consumption is conducive to promoting industrial optimization and upgrading. Promoting information consumption based on information technology can promote the rapid development of emerging formats including cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, e-commerce, modern logistics, smart cities, smart transportation and smart tourism, and at the same time drive the rapid transformation of the service industry oriented to production, life, circulation and management, thus providing a new way for the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.

Second, the main objectives

(3) The scale of information consumption has increased significantly. By the end of 2017, the scale of information consumption in our province exceeded 70 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 15%, driving the new output of related industries to exceed 20 billion yuan. Consumption based on information platforms such as e-commerce and cloud computing has grown rapidly, and the transaction volume of e-commerce has exceeded 100 billion yuan.

(4) Information infrastructure has improved significantly. By the end of 2017, the next-generation Internet will be basically built, fully supporting Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6), with a provincial bandwidth of more than 3.5T, and the average access bandwidth of urban households will basically exceed 20 megabits (Mbps), the average access bandwidth of rural households will exceed 4Mbps, and the broadband ratio of administrative villages will reach 100%. The coverage and quality of the third-generation mobile communication (3G) network have been improved, with the 3G coverage rate reaching 100% in towns and cities and hot spots, and 75% in third-class and above roads. Wireless local area network (WLAN) basically realizes the coverage of data hotspots in public areas. The fourth generation mobile communication (4G) network has achieved full commercial deployment and operation. The next generation broadcast television network (NGB) will be further improved, and the digitalization and two-way transformation of cable TV will be basically completed. Form a pattern of integration, intercommunication and interactive development of broadband communication network, digital TV network and next generation Internet.

(V) The healthy development of the information consumption market. Information products and services oriented to the economy and society are more abundant, and the driving modes of manufacturing and innovation are more diversified. The production, sales and service systems of information consumer products have been basically established, and information products, enterprises and industries have begun to take shape. The cloud platform services intelligent terminal manufacturing, business model innovation and new service model cultivation have achieved results, and the emerging information service industry has basically taken shape. The construction of e-government services, people’s livelihood services, industrial services, commercial services and social services supported by cloud platform services has been basically completed, and breakthroughs have been made in the openness, openness, development and utilization of social information resources. The competition order in the information consumption market is standardized and transparent, the consumption environment is safe and credible, residents’ information consumption choices are more abundant, and their consumption willingness is further enhanced. The application of enterprise informatization has been deepened, the demand for public service information has been effectively expanded, and the demand for various information consumption has been further released.

III. Main tasks

(6) Accelerate the construction of "Broadband Yunnan"

Improve the construction of network infrastructure. Implement the flattening transformation of backbone network and metropolitan area network, and promote the optimization and upgrading of metropolitan area transmission network. Implement the "fttp" project, realize optical fiber to the building and fttp to the village, and expand the rural broadband coverage.

Promote the development of mobile communication as a whole. Promote the coverage of wireless local area networks in hot spots and public places, accelerate the pace of construction and commercialization of 4G networks, and improve emergency communication capabilities and broadband access capabilities in remote areas.

Accelerate the construction of the next generation radio and television network. Accelerate the transformation of the backbone transmission network and IP metropolitan area network of radio and television in the whole province and the construction of centralized broadcast control center of radio and television, complete the digitalization and two-way transformation of radio and television users and realize 50Mbps bandwidth access for urban users and 10Mbps bandwidth access for rural users.

Comprehensively promote the integration of the three networks. Accelerate the two-way access and opening of telecommunications and broadcasting services, promote the establishment of a new model of win-win cooperation, and further improve the ability and level of centralized broadcast control and supervision. The integration of TV, telephone and Internet services was promoted.

(7) Accelerate the cultivation of cloud computing and big data industries.

Rational planning and layout of cloud computing industry. Accelerate the construction of cloud computing industrial parks in areas with abundant hydropower resources and suitable geological and climatic conditions in the province. Create the core area of cloud computing industry in the economic circle of central Yunnan, and build a number of infrastructure supporting the province’s public cloud platform and big data services for regional, industry and field applications to form industrial agglomeration. Focusing on supporting the core area, we will build a number of specialized parks to promote the integrated development of industries such as cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things and mobile Internet.

Promote the development of cloud computing and big data industry. Promote the application platform of big data service based on public cloud, and form large-scale big data storage, analysis, application and processing service capabilities. Promote the government, enterprises, industries, scientific research institutions and social organizations to actively collect and open data, and encourage research institutions and consulting services to develop in the direction of big data application services such as data deep processing, analysis and prediction, and data sharing. Introduce a number of cloud platform operation service enterprises, support a large number of cloud platform content service enterprises, and vigorously cultivate mobile Internet development and application industries.

(8) Improve the supply level of information products.

Accelerate the construction of cultural digital content. Focus on national culture, cultural heritage, folk crafts, national performing arts, cultural relics and tourism culture, and accelerate the development of digital products. Relying on the cultural information resource sharing project, we will speed up the construction of digital cultural platforms such as digital libraries, digital reading rooms and digital farmer’s bookstores. Build a trading platform for online cultural and artistic communication, and support enterprises to produce information content such as animation, online games, digital audio and video, and online artworks. Promote the construction of digital publishing industrial park of Yunnan ethnic culture and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional publishing industry in our province to digital publishing.

Promote the construction of new media platforms and content. Accelerate the integration of newspapers, magazines, online media content and platforms, innovate service models and methods, and promote the construction of regional digital media content databases and cloud service platforms in the province. Support the construction of multilingual and regional Internet audio and video communication platforms, and explore the construction of a new network media communication system in our province.

Accelerate the development of geographic information resources. Construction of regional remote sensing information data ground receiving and processing center, the establishment of a unified remote sensing acquisition, processing and distribution system in the province. Improve the ability of obtaining and processing high-resolution satellite image data covering the whole province, and establish a 1:10000 three-dimensional digital map database, a satellite remote sensing image database and an extra-high resolution image database of key cities and key tourist scenic spots in the whole province. Establish the province’s geographic information public service platform, form a new business model, and improve the comprehensive utilization level of geographic information resources.

Encourage the innovation and development of intelligent terminal products. Actively support enterprises in this province in the research and development, production and manufacturing of smart phones, smart TVs, tablet computers, smart set-top boxes, car navigation, digital home terminals, smart wearable devices and other smart terminals and cloud products. Encourage radio and television, telecom operators and manufacturing enterprises to jointly carry out R&D and production in Yunnan through cooperation and joint ventures.

Accelerate the development and introduction of language translation technology. Support the construction of machine translation technology centers and minority language software technology centers for South and Southeast Asian countries. Accelerate the construction of basic multilingual corpus, call center and translation service cloud platform. Support international cooperation and speed up the research and development and introduction of computer word and voice processing technology. Support the research and development of text input and processing software, machine-aided translation software and voice translation software, and support the exploration of language translation service platform construction and business service model innovation based on the Internet.

(9) Enhance information service capabilities.

Accelerate the action plan of "Caiyun Project". Promote the "cloud+end" service and application model based on the cloud platform, and actively promote cloud computing applications and services in the fields of urban comprehensive management, e-commerce, industrial manufacturing, transportation and logistics, social security, education and technology, cultural media, tourism and leisure, medical care, food and drug safety, etc. Accelerate the application and demonstration of big data in social management, people’s livelihood services, life and entertainment, R&D and design, manufacturing and marketing.

Improve the application level of the Internet of Things. Facing smart cities, smart transportation, smart logistics, smart tourism, smart industry, plateau agriculture, telemedicine and other key areas, market-oriented, enterprise-oriented, actively carry out demonstration of the application of the Internet of Things in professional services and value-added services, technology integration, etc., innovate service models and business models, pay attention to resource integration and information sharing, and effectively promote the development of the animal networking industry.

Strengthen the capacity building of regional information collection centers. Integrate government affairs and public information resources, and improve the information resources development ability of providing socialized collaborative services for South and Southeast Asian countries. Support the fields and departments of commerce and trade, ports, customs, investment promotion, tourism, culture, education, science and technology, transportation, human resources and social security, radio and television, surveying and mapping and other countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia to carry out information exchange, information resources development, and the construction and application of shared service platforms. Accelerate the construction of regional information collection centers and promote the application of information services, networks, platforms and systems in the region.

Accelerate the development of mobile Internet application services. Implement the demonstration and promotion of new technologies, applications and models of mobile Internet. Focus on promoting application innovation and business innovation in the fields of mobile government affairs, mobile education, mobile finance, mobile socialization, mobile games, mobile portals, mobile audio and video, location services and smart homes. Integrate government, industry and social public resources, establish an open and shared mobile Internet public service support system, support the development of mobile Internet applications, collaborative innovation platforms and the construction of mobile Internet application software stores (APP stores), vigorously cultivate a number of innovative and growing mobile Internet SMEs, and encourage operators to promote local applications by means of terminal pre-installation. Support the establishment of Industry-University-Research Capital Alliance Association for Mobile Internet.

Accelerate the construction of Beidou location information service platform. Accelerate the construction of Beidou international and provincial application demonstration projects, and improve the Beidou navigation location service platform, ground-based enhancement network, sky map service platform, Beidou industrial base and other infrastructure. Promote the integrated development of Beidou navigation and mobile communication, geographic information, satellite remote sensing and mobile Internet, support the research and development of location information service products and market expansion, and focus on the application in key areas such as smart city, smart land, smart logistics, geological disaster monitoring and emergency response, large-scale facility monitoring and public information management, so as to promote and improve the research and development, promotion and application of Beidou terminal products. Integrate the existing information infrastructure, and form a typical application demonstration and promotion of Beidou in public security, border defense, transportation, logistics and tourism services around the three major fields. Support Beidou navigation international cooperation and application services.

Improve the level of transportation logistics information service. Accelerate the improvement of intelligent warehousing, logistics and distribution infrastructure planning, build intelligent logistics infrastructure, and develop the fourth-party logistics service model. With the goal of improving public travel efficiency and service level, we will effectively gather and integrate comprehensive traffic information resources, build a smart traffic travel service platform, and provide comprehensive and diversified comprehensive traffic information services to the public.

Accelerate the development of e-commerce. Encourage our province to build an industry e-commerce platform in industries with advantages and characteristics, and focus on developing e-commerce of agricultural products with plateau characteristics and tourism e-commerce. Support large enterprises to develop e-commerce platforms for bulk commodities, and promote the common development of online markets and physical markets. Support the construction of logistics express distribution points in rural areas, communities and schools, expand the application of mobile e-commerce, and actively cultivate e-commerce in urban communities and rural areas. Encourage the construction of trading and customs clearance service platforms in cross-border electronic commerce, and promote the coordinated development of information services, trading services and logistics, payment, credit, financing, insurance, testing, certification and international express delivery services.

Promote the development of producer services based on information technology. Guide and encourage information technology enterprises to break through key technologies and promote the coordinated development of producer services and advanced manufacturing industries. Encourage large enterprises or enterprise groups to build a highly integrated and collaborative industry (enterprise) public service platform with the industrial chain as the core.

Construction of digital cultural media industrial park. Introduce a number of well-known audio and video production enterprises, and establish digital content resource libraries such as movies, music, variety shows and education. Establish an Internet program distribution and service center to provide Internet audio-visual program services to southwest China and countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia, and support digital content processing and services of audio-visual programs to countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Cooperate with the national digital publishing base to build a public service platform for digital copyright trading, take digital content industry as the core, digital publishing and digital printing as the guide, and take copyright trading as the means to build a comprehensive digital publishing industry chain.

Accelerate the construction of mobile Internet industrial base. Support all localities to build a number of mobile Internet industrial bases, entrepreneurial bases and training bases relying on existing parks, increase the construction of supporting infrastructure, industrial environment and entrepreneurial conditions in the bases, and introduce corresponding measures to attract Internet enterprises to gather and develop.

Implement the "100 Million Action Plan" for mobile Internet. We will carry out the Internet "100 Growing Enterprises Cultivation Plan", "1,000 Youth Entrepreneurship Support Plan" and "10,000 Mobile Internet Developers Training Plan". Within three years, we will select 100 IT enterprises with a certain foundation in the whole province, and strive to upgrade and cultivate a number of growth-oriented mobile Internet service enterprises with the mode of combining enterprise initiative, government promotion and policy assistance. Help 1,000 young people to start mobile Internet businesses through centralized training, tutor counseling and policy services. Provide basic training of mobile Internet development technology for 10,000 information technology students and software development enthusiasts, stimulate the enthusiasm of young people and students for mobile Internet entrepreneurship, and reserve mobile Internet talents.

(ten) to improve the level of public service information.

Promote the sharing and development and utilization of public information resources. Establish the catalogue of public information resources and government information resources in our province, strengthen the construction of public information resources and government information resources, and implement the plan of opening and guiding the development of government information and public information resources. Guide the establishment of public information resources trading service platform, explore the establishment of information sharing, exchange, purchase service mechanism and business model.

Improve the level of information service in the field of people’s livelihood. Implement the "information benefiting the people" project to improve the level of public information services. Accelerate the construction of educational information infrastructure and public service platform for educational resources, and carry out the construction of online classroom resource database for famous schools and famous teachers. Accelerate the construction of regional health information platforms in provinces, prefectures, cities and some populous counties, and promote the sharing of quality medical resources. Popularize the application of resident health cards, electronic health records and electronic medical records, and promote telemedicine and health management, medical consultation and appointment diagnosis and treatment services. Accelerate the informationization to support the construction of the old-age service system, carry out smart community pilot projects, and promote people’s livelihood collaborative services such as marriage, old-age care, community, social organizations, social assistance, housekeeping, medical care institutions, and funeral. Establish a public employment information service platform and speed up the networking of employment information with the whole country. Accelerate the construction of social security public service system, promote the construction of social security "one card", issue social security cards loaded with financial functions, and improve the construction of payment outlets for benefiting farmers. Relying on "digital villages", we will strengthen the integration of agricultural information resources and improve the rural comprehensive information service system.

Promote the construction of smart cities. Accelerate the construction of smart cities, formulate the top-level planning of smart cities, carry out provincial-level pilot demonstrations of smart cities in qualified cities, promote the construction of cloud service platforms for smart cities, and encourage and guide various market entities to participate in the construction of smart cities.

(eleven) improve the information consumption environment.

Building a safe and credible information consumption environment. Strengthen the protection of personal information and promote online trust services such as identity authentication, website authentication and electronic signature. Carry out the collection of personal and legal person credit information according to law, promote the establishment and improvement of government information resource database, public information resource database, financial credit information base database, and gradually establish a basic social credit database to support the construction of social credit system.

Improve the level of financial services. Supported by the national modern payment system, we will support commercial banks and payment institutions to provide safe, standardized, convenient and efficient payment services such as inter-bank payment, Internet payment and mobile payment, and improve the Internet payment system. Promote the multi-purpose of financial integrated circuit cards (IC cards) in the field of public services, and promote the formation of financial IC cards in the fields of transportation, tourism, social security, cross-border trade and so on. Support the exploration and innovation of new business and new model of Internet finance.

Improve the ability of information security. Support the establishment of a third-party security assessment and monitoring mechanism. Implement information security level protection, strengthen the detection and certification of information products and services, and strengthen network and information security supervision.

Carry out statistical monitoring and pilot demonstration of information consumption. Build a statistical monitoring platform for information consumption, ensure the availability, credibility and timeliness of statistical data, strengthen operational analysis, release relevant information to the society in real time, and reasonably guide consumption expectations. Support the construction of new information consumption demonstration projects and encourage governments at all levels to study and formulate preferential policies to promote information consumption according to local conditions.

Standardize the market order of information consumption. Strengthen the supervision of information services, online transactions, products and service quality according to law, investigate and deal with monopolistic behaviors and unfair competition behaviors in information services and online transactions, and investigate and deal with illegal and criminal acts such as infringement of intellectual property rights, manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy goods, online fraud and pyramid schemes using information services and online transactions. Further broaden and improve the channels for safeguarding rights of information consumption and strengthen social supervision.

Strengthen the training and introduction of talents. Support and encourage institutions of higher learning and vocational and technical colleges to adjust the course direction and set up professional and technical courses to adapt to the development of modern information technology. Pay attention to the role of enterprises and institutions, rely on major scientific research, major projects, industrial research projects and other projects to carry out personnel training, and gather and train talents in practice. Strengthen the introduction of innovative talents in key areas, bring the required talents into our province’s high-level talent introduction plan, and vigorously attract overseas and foreign high-level talents to start businesses in Yunnan.

Fourth, safeguard measures

(12) Strengthen organizational leadership. Governments at all levels should strengthen the overall planning, guidance and coordination of promoting information consumption, solve major problems in the promotion, and supervise and inspect the implementation of all work. Where the approval of key projects, land acquisition and demolition, land, environmental assessment, financing and other matters are involved, the lead unit must implement specific tasks and responsibilities to people to ensure that all tasks are effective. It is necessary to incorporate promoting information consumption into the important work of the government, strengthen organizational leadership, study and formulate policies and measures to promote information consumption according to local conditions, and promote the healthy and rapid development of local information consumption.

(13) Improve the policy system. We will speed up the formulation of measures for the sharing and management of government information resources and public information resources, and relevant policies for the socialized development and utilization of information resources, and establish a mechanism for data collection and formation and an open sharing mechanism for information resources. Incorporate information and communication infrastructure into urban and rural construction and land use planning, and implement it in administrative examination and approval, land acquisition and demolition, pipeline construction and other links. Effectively implement the relevant standards and specifications for the engineering design, construction and acceptance of communication pipelines, communication facilities and cable radio and television information networks in residential quarters and commercial and residential buildings, and formulate relevant management implementation measures.

(14) Innovating institutional mechanisms. Establish a coordination mechanism to promote the integration of the three networks, accelerate the two-way entry of telecommunications and radio and television services and the co-construction and sharing of communication infrastructure. Gradually open broadband access network services, encourage private capital to participate in construction and business operation, ensure enterprises to achieve equal access, users to achieve independent choice, and promote the formation of a market structure in which multiple entities compete with each other, complement each other’s advantages and develop together. Formulate policies to encourage warehousing, land for logistics construction, and management of delivery vehicles to support the development of logistics enterprises.

(15) Increase fiscal and taxation support. Make full use of special funds to include information consumption in the key support catalogue in the fields of technology research and development, scientific and technological innovation, manufacturing and enterprise cultivation. Study and improve the use policy of radio frequency occupation fee, and support the construction of economic and social information. We will improve the compensation mechanism for universal telecommunications services and support broadband development in remote rural areas and border ethnic minority areas. Further implement some policies to encourage the development of software and integrated circuit industries, and increase the implementation of tax policies for small and micro enterprises.

(16) Improve the financing environment. Support qualified small and medium-sized enterprises on the Internet to list on the "New Third Board". Guide angel funds, venture capital funds, venture capital funds and private equity investment funds to invest in small and medium-sized enterprises in information services. Support qualified enterprises to issue corporate bonds or collective bonds to raise funds for smart city construction. Encourage financial institutions to innovate financial products and services according to the characteristics of Internet enterprises, carry out intellectual property pledge financing, and explore the establishment of a loan risk compensation mechanism for SMEs. Support insurance institutions to carry out product innovation in financing, underwriting, claims settlement, disaster prevention and loss prevention, product development, etc., and provide insurance services for small and medium-sized enterprises on the Internet. Encourage private capital to initiate the establishment of professional financial institutions to serve small and medium-sized enterprises on the Internet. Encourage financing guarantee institutions to provide credit enhancement services for small and medium-sized enterprises on the Internet.

(seventeen) to strengthen publicity and marketing. Actively carry out publicity work to promote information consumption, and vigorously publicize emerging service models, new information products and typical application cases of information consumption. Pay attention to the promotion and guidance of advanced socialist culture, cultivate new information consumption demand, actively guide the public’s healthy and upward information consumption habits, and strive to create a good social environment and public opinion environment for information consumption.

Attachment: Division of labor and time schedule of key tasks for promoting information consumption in Yunnan Province (omitted)

Yunnan Provincial People’s Government

June 17, 2014

1905 movie network news The first female film "Half the Sky" produced by Jia Zhangke and co-produced by BRICS countries will land in the national cinema on May 10th. The film tells stories about women in five different countries and backgrounds through five short films with different styles and characteristics. It not only redefines women’s strength, but also highlights women’s social and family values. The day before the release, the secrets of the four highlights of the film were revealed to the audience in advance.

　

Aspect 1: BRICS countries cooperate again to present wonderful stories.

The film "Half the Sky" shows the unique folk customs of each country through five short stories. For example, the traditional food "jiaozi" representing China families, the new trend of Russian young people communicating through dating websites and the daily life of traditional Indian families. Among them, actors Wang Luodan and Liu Bei play a mother and daughter in China’s jiaozi, showing the career worries of professional women and the life troubles of housewives one by one.

Aspect 2: Pay attention to the global hot topic "Online dating" and lead a heated discussion.

"Half the Sky" presents the common problems of female groups with five stories with different styles but equally wonderful. The film presents hot topics of global concern in recent years, such as South African female athletes being suspected of their gender, and Russia’s online dating has become a common practice but "seeing death". At the same time, China, Brazil and India all focus on the family, from housewives and professional women to family of origin’s injury and infatuation. Different storylines resonate with different audiences: "South African articles make people feel deeply, and gender can’t restrict us from doing anything. Women can also have strength and willpower beyond men." "When you questioned that women didn’t make money for their families, you didn’t expect that they created value far higher than money."

　

Aspect 3: picturesque, a wonderful trip with multi-cultural integration

The distinctive film styles and pictures in Half the Sky are a highlight. jiaozi is soft and warm, which makes the audience feel at home. "Online Lover" is colorful, and the color matching of the green grass red skirt is passionate and unrestrained, presenting a Russian village like an oil painting version … … The five female directors also incorporated their unique cultural customs into the film, showing the unique social environment and women’s status of each country while the film plot developed, bringing the audience a wonderful international trip.

　

Aspect 4: Assembling international outstanding female directors and focusing on "half the sky"

"Half the Sky" was directed by creative female film directors from China, Russian, Indian, Brazil and South Africa. China director Liu Yulin has been selected for Berlin Film Festival, Busan Film Festival, Taiwan Golden Horse Award and many other domestic and foreign film festivals. The film independently directed by Brazilian director daniela thomas was selected as the grand view unit of the 2017 Berlin Film Festival. The works of Russian director Elizabethan Stishova and South African director Sarah Blanck have been shortlisted for several international film festivals. It is worth mentioning that the Indian short film "Mom’s Holiday" was created by the team, and the director Ashwini Yiye Tiwari was voted as one of the most influential women in India by Indian magazines.

The film "Half the Sky" will land in the national cinema before Mother’s Day on May 10th.

The long-delayed COVID-19 epidemic has once again highlighted the indispensable and extensive influence of digital technology on a global scale. The rise of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, 3D printing, augmented reality and virtual reality, and quantum computing is subverting the traditional economic and social operation mode and shaping new development opportunities. How a country responds to the various changes brought about by the technological revolution and establishes corresponding competitiveness around digital technology will not only determine its future economic growth, but also affect its geopolitical status. In this context, countries all over the world have put the digital transformation in the fields of economy, governance and life into the important agenda of the government, and increased resource input and policy support to improve their digital competitiveness.

Not long ago, the European Center for Digital Competitiveness of the European Advanced Business School (ESCP) released the Report on the Promotion of Global Digital Competitiveness in 2021 (Digital Riser Report 2021）。 The research report comprehensively uses the relevant data from the World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the International Telecommunication Union to evaluate and rank the current digital competitiveness of 137 countries around the world, and extracts the best practices of countries with rapidly rising digital competitiveness, so as to provide decision-making and action guidance for other countries. The relevant research conclusions have certain reference significance for countries around the world to understand the advantages and disadvantages of their digital transformation from a macro perspective and to calibrate the strategic direction of enhancing digital competitiveness.

The research report simplifies the definition of a country’s "digital competitiveness" as 10 equal weight factors in two categories: "digital ecosystem" and "digital thinking mode", and divides all countries into nine groups, namely, G7, G20 and Asia-Pacific, Eurasia, Europe and North America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Middle East and North Africa, South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa defined by the World Economic Forum. On this basis, combined with the data of the three years from 2019 to 2021, it is scored and ranked. Among them, the elements belonging to the "digital ecosystem" include the difficulty of obtaining venture capital, the cost of starting a business, the time required for starting a business, the convenience of hiring international talents, and the digital skills of university graduates; The "digital thinking mode" includes the digital skills of the working population, the attitude towards entrepreneurial risks, the diversity of labor force, the scale of mobile broadband users, and the acceptance of subversive business development ideas by enterprises. The scoring results intuitively reflect the changes of digital competitiveness of countries in terms of sub-items and overall, while limiting the ranking to nine groups is to ensure that the comparison baseline is relatively fair and the results are comparable. By combing the relevant evaluation results, the report puts forward three main findings:

Nowadays, the global digital competitiveness is changing.

The research report shows that while the digital competitiveness of some countries and regions is rapidly improving, some leading digital countries in public perception are gradually losing their advantages. Taking China and the United States as two digital superpowers, for example, during 2019-2021, China’s digital competitiveness improved obviously (+211), while the United States showed a decline (-72). Moreover, whether in the G7 or G20 group, the ranking of the increase in digital competitiveness of the United States is in a relatively backward position. The analysis believes that the decline of digital competitiveness in the United States is mainly driven by the dimension of digital ecosystem, including a series of adverse effects such as increasing immigration and visa barriers, which makes it more difficult to attract international digital and information professionals. The promotion of China’s competitiveness is mainly reflected in its strong advantages in the dimension of digital thinking mode, including the proposal and deployment of a series of national overall strategic plans, and taking scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship as important measures to achieve high-quality development.

In addition to the United States, Britain (-85), Sweden (-92) and other developed countries in digital technology also failed to show a significant increase in digital competitiveness. India (-396), Germany (-176) and other big countries even experienced a sharp decline in competitiveness in both digital ecosystems and digital thinking modes. However, some countries, such as Georgia (+153), Egypt (+258), Canada (+47) and Vietnam (+339), which do not have a high digital starting point, have become the leaders in this field because they have implemented a series of fruitful digital transformation measures. To some extent, this shows that the global digital competitiveness pattern is in the process of dynamic reorganization, and new global digital technology leaders will appear in the future.

Digital competitiveness is closely related to digital transformation measures.

The research report collects the "Best Practice" of digital transformation in G7, G20 and seven regional economic groups whose digital competitiveness has increased significantly in the past three years, covering the actual progress in the fields of strategic planning, policy assistance, investment support and perfect supervision. For example, through the implementation of the "National Innovation and Skills Plan", Canada set up a strategic innovation fund for digital transformation, adding more than 70,000 jobs, driving more than 45 billion US dollars of investment, and injecting new vitality into the national economy; Vietnam pushes the "National Digital Transformation Plan in 2025", vigorously advocates the adoption of emerging digital technologies, builds a digital government, and sets a long-term goal that the digital economy will account for 30% of the national GDP by 2030; Egypt has vigorously promoted the "ICT 2030 Strategy" and the "Digital Egypt" plan, thus becoming the leader of digital transformation in the Middle East. Therefore, the report believes that the promotion of national digital competitiveness is closely related to the government’s clear long-term goal of digital transformation and leading the formulation and implementation of comprehensive planning for digital transformation.

To enhance digital competitiveness, we need to support digital innovation and entrepreneurship.

The research report found that countries with rapidly rising digital competitiveness pay great attention to attracting international talents, promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, and strengthening the education and training of digital skills. For example, Italy has established a legal framework to provide visa convenience and tax incentives for start-up companies and scientific and technological talents through the Entrepreneurship Law (ISA), thus attracting tens of thousands of start-up companies to register and operate in Italy in just three years; The Spanish government has launched a series of entrepreneurship support policies, including the Entrepreneurship Promotion Law, the establishment of a national entrepreneurship office, and the introduction of outstanding international talents. Georgia is actively implementing the "2017-2021 Strategy for the Unification of Education and Science" to promote the modernization of science, technology and innovation system.

In view of this, the research report emphasizes that each country needs to fully develop its own digital thinking mode and digital ecosystem, and pay attention to the speed and effectiveness of policy implementation in order to improve its digital competitiveness. At the same time, from the evaluation results of global digital competitiveness in 2021, under the influence of multiple factors, the speed of digital transformation varies greatly among different countries, and the global competition pattern around digital transformation also shows a rapid change trend, and there may be many possibilities in the future. Generally speaking, countries that attach importance to and vigorously promote digital transformation can basically make significant progress in a relatively short period of time. Even countries with weak digital foundation can realize the acceleration of digital transformation after taking appropriate actions and measures. Therefore, governments should attach great importance to and carefully consider the future strategic decision-making and management mode in this key field, and effectively promote digital transformation based on actual national conditions.

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The exterior design of the Eπ 008 is unique and full of technology. The front face adopts a family-style Xingyao air intake grille, with sharp LED headlights on both sides, showing a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth, the overall style is tough and stylish, highlighting its unique personality and charm.

车系eπ008拥有5002*1972*1732mm的长宽高尺寸，轴距为3025mm，前轮距和后轮距均为1650mm，确保了宽敞舒适的车内空间。车侧线条流畅而动感，搭配265/45 R21规格的轮胎和时尚的轮圈设计，突显出强烈的运动气息。

eπ008的内饰设计采用了简约而不失科技感的风格，车内采用了大量高品质材料，提升了整体的豪华感。方向盘采用真皮包裹，手感出色，并且支持手动上下和前后调节，满足不同驾驶者的个性化需求。中控台上配备了一块15.6英寸的高清触控屏，集成了多媒体系统、导航、电话、空调等多种功能，并且支持语音识别控制，提高了操作的便捷性和智能化水平。车内还配备有USB和Type-C接口，方便乘客为电子设备充电。前排座椅采用了仿皮材质，支持前后调节、靠背调节、高低调节以及腰部支撑调节，提供舒适的乘坐体验。主驾驶座椅还具备加热、通风、按摩功能，并配备了头枕扬声器，提升了舒适性和娱乐体验。副驾驶座椅同样支持多种调节功能。第二排座椅支持靠背和腿托调节，提升了后排乘客的舒适度。此外，后排座椅可以按比例放倒，增加了行李空间的灵活性。

eπ008搭载了一台1.5T 147马力的高效L4发动机，最大功率达到108千瓦，最大扭矩则为210牛·米。与之匹配的是电动车单速变速箱，为车辆提供了强劲的动力输出和平顺的驾驶体验。

汽车之家车主 对 eπ008 的外观给予了高度评价，她表示：“外形很大气！前脸很帅！颜值高！开出去回头率很高！车标也简洁！” 这种设计无疑使得 eπ008 成为了路上的一道亮丽风景线。

Writing/Photo courtesy of Liu Zhirong

You can’t always stay at home, but you have to travel, or commute to work, or go on business trips, sightseeing, and travel can’t be separated from subways, railways and highways. When you take subways, trains and highways, have you ever wondered: How are those tunnels dug through them?

Early tunnel excavation was manual plus blasting.

In the past, the way of tunnel excavation was manual excavation and blasting. For soil layer and gravel geology, manual excavation was used, and tools such as pickaxe and shovel were used to excavate the tunnel face. As far as rock geology is concerned, pickaxes and shovels can’t be dug, so it is necessary to use explosives to blast rocks at the tunnel face, and then transport the gravel out of the tunnel.

"Face" is a civil construction term, which refers to the excavation face that keeps advancing during tunnel construction.

As far as subway tunnels are concerned, in the past, the "open excavation and landfill method" technology was mostly adopted, that is, the street was destroyed first, and a ditch was dug by uncovering the cover, and then the tunnel wall was poured in the ditch. After the tunnel was built, it was buried and compacted with earthwork, and the street was repaired again. In the early days of Chinese mainland, the subway tunnel was excavated by "open excavation and landfill method", and later the "shield machine excavation method" was adopted. Shield machine was used to dig tunnels in the construction of Guangzhou’s first subway line (Line 1).

In the past hundred years, shield machines have gradually become popular in tunnel excavation. At present, shield machines are basically used in long tunnel excavation.

Britain used a shield machine to dig tunnels in 1825.

"Shield machine" is a name in China, generally known as "tunnel boring machine" (TBM) internationally, and "mole" in civil engineering jargon, because it digs holes underground like a mole.

In 1825, Britain used a shield machine when digging the Thames Tunnel. This shield machine was invented by Sir Mark issam Bald brunell, a French-born British engineer, and he applied for a patent for the shield machine. The Thames Tunnel is 396 meters long and passes through the Thames River in London.

In 1845, the international railway from France to Italy was opened. This railway ran across the Alps, and it was necessary to dig the Freres Tunnel at an altitude of 1,123 meters. This tunnel was 14 kilometers long, which was the longest tunnel in the world at that time. The tunnel ran through the Freres Peak at an altitude of 2,932 meters, that is to say, the maximum thickness of the rock above the tunnel was 1,809 meters.

In order to build this tunnel, Henry Joseph Mauss invented the "mountain cutting machine", which was manufactured in an arsenal near Turin, Italy in 1846. The "mountain cutter" looks like a locomotive, with more than 100 vibrating drill bits in front, which are used to smash the rocks on the face. "Mountain cutting machine" already has some functions of modern shield machine.

In 1853, ebenezer Talbot, an American, applied for the patent of shield machine, and the patent name was "Tunnel Boring Machine".

In 1870, john D bruton, an Englishman, developed and manufactured a shield machine with cutter head, which is very close to the shield machine widely used now.

In 1875, the French National Assembly passed a bill to build the English Channel Tunnel, and the British shield machine was selected for excavation. From June 1882 to March 1883, the shield machine excavated 1882 meters on the British side; Alexander Lavalle, a French contractor who built the Suez Canal, used a shield machine to dig 1,669 meters on the French side. Practice has proved that the efficiency of tunneling with shield machine is very high. However, the project was terminated in 1883 because France was later worried that Britain would use the English Channel Tunnel to attack France.

The success of shield machine in the English Channel Tunnel has inspired many civil engineers. In 1883, Britain used a shield machine to dig the tunnel under the Mersey River from Biegenheit to Liverpool, with a diameter of 2.1 meters and a length of 2 kilometers.

In the 20th century, people constantly improved the shield machine. Nowadays, all kinds of shield machines are constantly running in tunnel projects all over the world every day.

How does the shield machine dig the tunnel?

It is easier to understand the working principle of shield machine from its international common name "tunnel drilling rig": it is a big drilling rig that drills a hole in the ground or mountain.

Shield machine can be regarded as the largest construction machinery in civil engineering, with a large diameter of 178 meters and a length of more than 100 meters. The front of the shield machine is a huge cutter head with cutter head array. When driving, the cutter head rotates to cut the earth and stone on the tunnel face, and the muck flows into the muck bin from the gap of the cutter head, which is conveyed to the belt conveyor by the screw machine, and then transferred to another longer belt conveyor to transport it to the muck disposal site outside the tunnel, or transported to the tunnel by the track muck truck.

Readers with a little common sense should understand that if there is no thrust behind the cutter head, it is impossible to cut the earth and stone on the face. So, how to give the cutter head thrust?

This thrust comes from the hydraulic jack of the shield machine. If the tunnel is excavated on hard rock, two huge hydraulic jacks on the shield machine lean backward against the rock walls on both sides of the excavated tunnel and push the cutter head forward to cut the tunnel face.

If the tunnel is dug in the soft geological layer, the above method cannot be used, because the hydraulic jack will sink into the soft tunnel wall and cannot provide thrust. At this time, it is necessary to use another method to make several small hydraulic jacks push against the lining segment installed at the back at the same time to provide thrust for the cutter head horizontally forward, which is also a common shield method in subway tunnels at present.

The lining segment is the reinforced concrete precast member on the tunnel surface that we can see with our naked eyes in the tunnel. These segments are made in the ground reinforced concrete precast yard. After the segment is transported into the tunnel mouth, there is no need for manual intervention, and the transportation to installation is completely automatic.

The width of the lining segment should match the distance that the hydraulic jack advances each time, that is to say, the width of the segment is as many centimeters as the hydraulic jack advances each time. When the hydraulic jack is pushed to the end, the cutterhead stops rotating to cut the tunnel face, and segments are assembled around the tunnel in the shield section of the shield machine. The segment assembling machine on the shield machine is as dexterous as a human hand, movable, rotatable and retractable, which can assemble segments in place steadily and safely with accuracy of millimeter level.

When assembling a segment, several hydraulic jacks responsible for jacking the segment will contract, leaving a certain space for assembling the segment. After the segments are assembled in place, the hydraulic jack will stretch out and gently hold it, and so on until all segments in this circle are assembled in place. At this point, all the hydraulic jacks began to pressurize evenly, and together with the newly assembled segment, the cutter head was pushed forward by the reaction force to continue cutting the working face and move forward.

During the construction of the shield machine, the cutterhead cuts the tunnel face and assembles segments alternately, and the whole shield machine moves forward step by step under the push of the hydraulic jack until the tunnel is dug through. If the geology is soft, tens of meters can be excavated every day; If you encounter hard rocks, you can only dig dozens of centimeters every day.

The gap between the lining segment and the tunnel wall should be filled with mortar to reinforce the segment, maintain the stability of the whole lining and prevent water from leaking into the tunnel.

The series of complicated processes mentioned above are all completed automatically by the shield machine. There is a central control room in the shield machine, and all key parts of the shield machine have sensors, which transmit the collected data to the central control room. Operators can know the working situation of the shield machine through various data displayed on the display and intervene when necessary.

The cutter head on the cutter head should be maintained and replaced frequently. There is also a sensor on the cutter head. When the temperature of the cutter head rises to a certain value, it will send an alarm signal to the central control room.

How does the shield machine turn in the tunnel?

After reading this, some readers may ask, can the shield machine turn in the tunnel?

Of course you can. Most urban subway tunnels are excavated under the streets, and the tunnels are designed along the streets, with constant turns and "jumping up and down" according to the underground conditions. Highway and railway tunnels should also be selected according to landform, geology and hydrology, which also requires the shield machine to turn 360 degrees.

The turning of shield machine is realized by changing the cutting direction of cutter head with lining segment. Where a turn is needed, the width of each ring of lining segment is different. If turning to the left, the width of the right segment is designed to be wider than that of the left segment according to the turning radius. In this way, the hydraulic jack on the right will tilt the cutter head to the left to realize the left turning. If turning right, the width of the left segment is designed to be wider than that of the right segment according to the turning radius, so that the hydraulic jack on the left will tilt the cutter head to the right and realize the right turn. The steering principle of "jumping up and down" is the same as above.

At present, the largest shield machine in the world has a diameter of 17.5 meters.　　

On September 15th, 2006, the Niagara Tunnel, which was used for water diversion irrigation in Canada, was drilled. The tunnel was 10.2km long and passed 140m underground in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. The shield machine used was "Big Becky" made by Robbins Company of the United States, with a diameter of 14.4m. The cutter head was driven by 15 motors with a power of 4.7 million watts (6,375 horsepower), which was the largest shield machine in the world at that time. The reason why tunnels should be dug in such a deep underground is to prevent shield construction from affecting ground buildings.

In 2011, the 5030-meter-long Spavo Tunnel near Florence, Italy was drilled. The rock shield machine used was Martina produced by Herrick Company of Germany. The shield has a diameter of 15.62 meters, a length of 130 meters, a weight of 4,500 tons, a cross-section of 192 square meters, a total power of 18 megawatts and a thrust of 40,000 tons. Herrick also designed a shield machine with a diameter of 19.25 meters, but it has not yet been built.

Bertha, a shield machine made by Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. in Japan in 2012, has a diameter of 17.5 meters, a length of 110 meters and a weight of 7,000 tons. The cutter head has 260 cutter heads. This shield machine was ordered by the Washington State Transportation Bureau of the United States and used to replace the tunnel excavation of Alaska Viaduct on Highway 99 (the upper and lower lanes of the tunnel), which is by far the largest shield machine in the world.

Advantages and disadvantages of shield tunneling

There are many advantages in tunneling with shield machine. It is not affected by ground factors and can be constructed all day; It also does not destroy the ground buildings, cultural relics and natural environment, and belongs to ecological and environmental protection construction; Because the excavation, muck discharge and lining segment are all automated, a lot of labor is saved and the accident risk is reduced.

The main disadvantage of tunneling with shield machine is that the initial investment cost is too high. Most shield machines are customized according to tunnel design drawings, with long construction preparation period, high maintenance cost, and low economic benefits of tunneling short tunnels. Generally speaking, the tunnel length is more than 1 km, which has economic benefits.

Finally, the shield machine can not only dig circular tunnels, but also be designed to dig tunnels with arbitrary cross sections, such as rectangular tunnels and elliptical tunnels. People also use shield machines to dig water pipelines, sewage and drainage pipelines, and even power pipelines.

　　　　Biological samples collected from the dead China woman’s body on the "Blagoveshchensk-Moscow" train, as well as laboratory analysis data in the carriage, have arrived in Moscow.

　　　　Onishchenko, director of the Russian Consumer Rights Protection and Public Welfare Supervision Bureau and chief epidemic prevention physician of the Russian Federation, made the above statement on Thursday, according to the Russian new network news.

　　　　He said that the inspection will be conducted simultaneously in two specialized laboratories of the Ministry of Health and one laboratory of the Ministry of National Defense.

　　　　He pointed out that due to the death of a woman in China on the train, the health department started the traditional epidemic prevention emergency mechanism.

　　　　On the morning of April 15th, a 24-year-old Russian woman died unexpectedly while riding a long-distance train from the Russian Far East city of Blagoveshchensk to Moscow. Fifty-one Russian migrant workers and two Russian train attendants were sent to the local infectious disease hospital for isolation observation when the train stopped at the Kirov station. It is reported that the final destination of these China migrant workers is Kaluga.

　　　　This incident has attracted great attention from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China. On April 16th, Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Jiang Yu said at a regular press conference that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs attached great importance to the situation that "a Russian woman may have died of pneumonia while taking a train in China".

Editor: Li Xiuwei

　　Every year, on the eve of the college entrance examination, there will always be some old news and news of the college entrance examination that have been repeatedly proved to be false on the Internet, misleading candidates and the public. To this end, the education department, the online information department and the public security organs have combed and summarized the fake news and false information of the college entrance examination with the highest frequency of "cold rice and hot speculation" over the years, and reminded the majority of netizens that behind these rumors are scams carefully designed by unscrupulous merchants, websites and even recidivists. The three departments specially remind candidates and parents to distinguish between rumors and beware of being deceived. I hope that all websites will not provide a platform for rumors, and I hope that netizens will not believe or spread rumors.

　　First, spend money to buy college entrance examination questions and answers.

　　Every year, criminals peddle so-called "true college entrance examination questions" and "top secret answers" on phishing websites, flaunting seductive information such as "extremely high accuracy" and "refund for breach of contract", and asking users to pay in advance in the name of "advance deposit". There are also those who claim that they can pay "gunmen" to take the test. Some criminals send viruses to users’ computers or mobile phones in the name of transmitting "sample test papers" to obtain user information.

　　Case: On the eve of the college entrance examination in 2018, the police in Hohhot cracked a case of selling so-called "college entrance examination questions". It is reported that under the name of QQ, some people have established a large number of QQ groups such as "2018 college entrance examination internal questions", hyped up the sale of college entrance examination original questions at the price of each set of 300 yuan, and ensured that "half of the real questions in each subject" and "get the real questions in the college entrance examination at 6 am on June 6, and send them out on time at 5 pm". After grasping conclusive evidence, the police handling the case arrested the suspect Dai Moumou. After the trial, the suspect Dai Moumou confessed to his fraud. Dai confessed that the so-called college entrance examination questions are actually a set of simulated college entrance examination papers purchased online at the price of each set of 200 yuan.

　　Reminder: The college entrance examination questions belong to the national top secret materials, and their storage and transportation have strict management measures. All personnel who come into contact with the examination papers are subject to closed management. The majority of candidates and parents should not be lucky, and do not believe that the so-called college entrance examination questions and answers are obtained in advance. Buying so-called "true college entrance examination questions" and "top secret answers" online are all false information released by scammers. It is illegal to buy classified materials, so don’t try.

　　The Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulates that it is illegal to "organize cheating", "provide cheating equipment or other help for others to commit the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph", "illegally sell or provide the test questions and answers specified in the first paragraph to others for the purpose of cheating in the exam" and "replace others or let others take the test specified in the first paragraph instead of themselves".

　　Second, look for candidates who have lost their admission tickets

　　Every year, on the day of the college entrance examination, the information lost by the candidates’ admission ticket will be circulated on the Internet. After seeing it, the majority of netizens were anxious for the candidates and quickly forwarded it in the group and friends circle, forming a public opinion with a large influence in a short time. After the incident, the education department quickly verified that some candidates did not lose their documents at all, and some information did not match completely, which can be said to be basically false information. The public security organs also confirmed that the left mobile phone numbers are generally fraudulent calls. Fraudsters make up stories to cheat social kindness. If a good-hearted person calls back according to the phone number and operates according to the phone prompt tone, he may fall into the trap of charging.

　　Case: In 2016, "My friend picked up an admission ticket, so please inform me if you know it: name: Bai Yaqian, test center: No.1 Middle School, examination room: 013, seat number: 11, admission ticket number: 204101311, contact number: 159 * * * 8941, spread, spread, don’t delay the children’s college entrance examination. Help others leave a lingering fragrance! " This is a false news that has been circulating on the Internet for many years. In 2017, there were many lost information about the admission ticket, and those who lost the admission ticket were Liu Mingwei, Yang Leilei, Sun Chao and Dang Xilong. In 2018, "Liu Mingxi" and "Liu Mingting" students lost the admission ticket again, and the content completely copied the routines of previous years.

　　Reminder: After seeing similar information, it is recommended to contact the report phone number published by the candidate’s middle school or provincial admissions examination institutions for confirmation. It is not recommended to forward it without verification, or to call the contact phone number left after the information.

　　Third, the marking teacher only cares about the progress, regardless of right or wrong.

　　Every year after the end of the college entrance examination, before and after the results are announced, there are always people on the internet who speculate that the marking work of the college entrance examination in a certain place is extremely serious, and the marking teachers even mark it indiscriminately, regardless of right or wrong. Facts have proved that people who post these posts are often out of curiosity, and some candidates and parents who have a large or unsatisfactory gap in college entrance examination results think that there is something wrong with marking and arbitrarily guess the information.

　　Case: In a well-known forum, there was a post "The college entrance examination marking teacher risked his life to expose the inside story, so the future of students was delayed". The poster claimed to have participated in marking the college entrance examination in a province, and the marking teacher only wanted to catch up with the progress, or ignored the confusion, or "approved the composition in one minute", disregard for human life. This post is related to the content of the college entrance examination, attracting attention and quickly becoming a hot spot, which is reprinted in major forums. Some netizens shouted, "No wonder their scores in the college entrance examination were lower than expected, so that’s how they were cheated." The education department and the public security organs quickly checked people. According to the poster, it was just for fun, to attract netizens’ attention and improve their popularity. They didn’t participate in the marking of the college entrance examination themselves. Some of them listened to rumors and made their own interpretations. They realized the seriousness of the matter and deleted the content themselves and apologized to the society.

　　Reminder: marking the college entrance examination papers is a very serious job. At present, the popular "online marking" embodies fairness and justice from system design to actual operation. For example, most provincial marking teachers have to pass the "three levels", that is, the qualification level. All middle school teachers who participate in marking work must be backbone teachers with the title of middle school education level or above. The head of the department and the head of the topic are university teachers with high academic level, rich teaching experience and the title of associate professor or above. Those who do not meet the above qualifications are not allowed to participate in marking; Training pass, all marking teachers must be trained in marking standards, master the marking standards and requirements, and those who have not participated in the marking standards training are not allowed to participate in marking work; All marking teachers must pass the examination. Before marking, each marking teacher must pass at least 7 of the 10 assessment papers. In the marking process, irregular assessments are also made. If the two assessments fail, no formal marking is allowed. Before the formal marking, a trial marking should be conducted, and scientific and reasonable scoring rules should be formulated according to the scoring reference and the actual situation of the candidates’ answers, and the formal marking should be strictly implemented in accordance with the scoring rules. The system of "one person evaluates one question" is generally implemented to ensure the quality of marking. For Chinese and English compositions, the system of "double evaluation" by different teachers is adopted. If the "double evaluation" exceeds a certain error, it will be submitted to the third teacher for "three evaluation" to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the evaluation. In addition, there are strict marking quality monitoring procedures to check, review and correct the marking quality of the marking staff throughout the process.Supervise and correct the phenomenon that the grading teacher may have different understanding of leniency and strictness in marking.

　　Fourth, big data volunteers, charging sky-high consulting fees.

　　On the eve of volunteering for the college entrance examination every year, there are always intermediaries or websites claiming to master internal big data. Local education examination institutes have made it clear that they have not cooperated with any social organizations or enterprises. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education for information disclosure, the examination institutes have made public the enrollment plan, admission results and other data, and issued volunteer reference materials to candidates for research and reporting before applying for volunteers. The so-called "internal big data" of merchants is purely a rumor, which is nothing more than a marketing slogan. The accuracy of its data needs to be scrutinized, and there are some uncertain factors in voluntary reporting, such as the performance of candidates in this college entrance examination will affect the changes in their scores, and other candidates’ voluntary reporting.

　　Case: An education and training institution advertises on its website, such as "Fill in the volunteers accurately" and "Don’t waste a penny". Candidates can buy VIP cards with different denominations, such as 20,000 yuan and 10,000 yuan, and enjoy one-on-one "accurate" guidance. After the college entrance examination, the reporter interviewed the candidates and parents who bought VIP cards. The candidates and parents generally reported that the volunteer guidance provided by the company was not professional enough, and some data were inaccurate. However, the admission data of the past three years, the open interpretation of volunteering skills and the close attention to the admission dynamic information of the examination institute issued by the education department are more accurate and practical.

　　Reminder: Parents and classmates are advised to be cautious and vigilant when reporting these volunteer apps and advertisements.

　　Five, you can spend money to change the college entrance examination results.

　　Every year, after the college entrance examination, candidates and parents are introduced by acquaintances or learned on the Internet, so that they can get to know the experts who can enter the high-level recruitment system through hackers, modify the college entrance examination results, and ask for high-priced "service fees" at the same time, so that students can get satisfactory results.

　　Case: After the end of the college entrance examination in 2015, Qinhuai police found that there were fraud cases in the area where the score was changed as bait. Ms. Zhang and Mr. Liu, who live in Qinhuai District, were cheated out of nearly 10,000 yuan. After being detected by the police, the suspect Zhang confessed that he posted information as a "hacker" on the Internet, claiming that he could modify the scores of college entrance examinations and college exams, and asked the victims for "service fees" ranging from thousands to tens of thousands of yuan. People have been fooled in recent years.

　　Reminder: Online posts claiming to be able to modify college entrance examination scores are pure scams. The so-called hacker intrusion modification score is not technically feasible. Because the online marking of college entrance examination is not on the internet, but on the intranet, there is no possibility of external hacking. Before the candidates’ scores are released, the original data are archived and backed up in different places. After being released through the network, the examination institute will monitor and match the online information, and the websites will set up a strict anti-hacker virus attack system.

　　On January 25th, the eighth generation BMW 5 Series was officially launched. As the mainstay of BMW brand, BMW 5 Series can meet users’ expectations for mid-to high-end luxury cars every time it is replaced. However, what is even more attractive is the BMW Brilliance i5 model which is listed together. As a pure electric version of BMW Brilliance 5 Series, it gives consumers more "green brand" choices while continuing the product strength of fuel version. So can the new car stand out in the market? This issue of "Quality Car Selection" will answer for you.

　　I. Basic Information and Product Highlights

　　BMW Brilliance i5, BMW Brilliance 5 Series and BMW Brilliance i3 are all built on the platform of BMW CLAR, and provide "luxury suit" and "M sports suit". It is worth mentioning that the BMW i5 (imported) car series has also listed an xDrive M60 model, with a price of 639,900 yuan, and friends with sufficient budget can consider it as appropriate.

　　For luxury brand models, consumers often pay attention to the individualization and differentiation of products and are willing to pay for products that meet their own needs and preferences. BMW Brilliance i5 provides domestic consumers with more in-depth and all-round customized choices, including car paint color, wheel style, seat material and interior trim strips.

　　In addition, the interior style and intelligence of BMW Brilliance i5 follow the top level of BMW 7 Series. Integrated suspended curved screen, embracing interactive light band and bright crystal ornaments complement each other in the front row, outlining a rich visual experience. At the same time, the BMW iDrive 8.5 version of the car machine system has the strength to compete with the new car-making forces in intelligent interaction.

　　It is worth mentioning that the BMW i5 is equipped with the same 31.3-inch 8K resolution OLED screen as the BMW 7 Series, which can support the online audio-visual entertainment function internally, and can also adjust the screen distance, tilt angle and screen ratio to achieve the best viewing effect.

　　Second, product competitiveness analysis

　　Judging from the pure electric medium and large car market, Beijing Benz EQE is undoubtedly the direct competitor of BMW Brilliance i5, and the Audi brand has not electrified the "Audi A6L" car series, so we chose Weilai ET7, which focuses on the high-end market, for comparison.

　　From the price point of view, the price of BMW Brilliance i5 top model has certain advantages, but the starting price is the lowest of Weilai ET7, and it also supports the sales of car/electricity separation scheme. In terms of the number of models, BMW Brilliance i5 offers four models to choose from, which is more than the three models of Beijing Benz EQE and Weilai ET7, so consumers have more choices.

　　Specific to the level of vehicle configuration, we selected the models with similar prices as possible. By comparison, BMW Brilliance i5 has little advantage over the other two models. First of all, BMW Brilliance i5 is comparable to Beijing Benz EQE in configuration, but the CLTC pure electric cruising range of Beijing Benz EQE model is even more outstanding, reaching the level of 700km+. Secondly, Weilai ET7 can be described as rolling BMW Brilliance i5 in all directions. It is not only equipped with dual motors, but also has a faster acceleration of 100 kilometers. Moreover, CLTC has a longer pure electric cruising range, not to mention the configuration. Independent brands have always been more kind than traditional luxury brands.

　　Third, product quality & service trend analysis

　　As a brand-new model, will BMW Brilliance i5 have hidden dangers of quality problems? In this regard, we will start with the failure problems of BMW Brilliance i3 model in the past year, and preliminarily predict the development trend of new car quality problems in the future by comparing the failure problems. As BMW Brilliance i5 and BMW Brilliance i3 are both built on the CLAR platform, they are deeply related and can be used as reference.

　　By screening the complaint data of BMW Brilliance i3 model in the past year, it can be found that the number of complaints about "battery cooling system failure" is relatively high. As BMW Brilliance i5 and BMW Brilliance i3 both use ternary lithium batteries from Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, and the battery cooling mode is liquid cooling, the above problems may still occur. However, the actual situation remains to be determined after it has been put on the market for some time.

　　With the continuous development of China’s automobile market, the level of brand pre-sales/after-sales service and the quality of purchase experience have gradually become an important factor affecting consumers’ final purchase. Therefore, based on the big data of car quality network, we will analyze the common service problems of brands in the past year to provide more objective reference for consumers to buy models.

　　From the point of view of service complaints, "inconsistent with publicity" has become a service problem in which car owners complain more about BMW Brilliance brand. Through further analysis, we can know that this kind of service problem comes from BMW Brilliance X3 and BMW Brilliance 5 Series.

　　In terms of measuring the after-sales service reputation of new cars, we will analyze the response of enterprises to complaints from car owners, and relatively objectively predict the future after-sales service reputation of new cars. According to the data of Chezhi. com, the response rate of BMW Brilliance brand complaints in the past year was 99.9%, which was at the upstream level among luxury brands in the same period. It can be seen that manufacturers attach great importance to the demands of car owners.

　　Four, after-sales service policy and network distribution

　　In terms of after-sales service policy, the warranty of the 2024 BMW Brilliance i5 vehicle is three years or 100,000 kilometers.

　　After the vehicle is purchased, it is bound to involve the daily maintenance of the vehicle. At this time, the number and distribution of brand dealer stores are very important, and even have a certain impact on whether consumers buy the brand model. According to the statistics of Chezhi. com, BMW Brilliance currently has 723 dealer stores in China, covering 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, with a relatively large number of dealers in Zhejiang, Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces.

　　Summary:

　　As the wave of electrification intensified, traditional luxury car companies began to exert their strength. The arrival of BMW Brilliance i5 not only fills the family "I" series product matrix, but also explains to people what is the charm of electric luxury. However, because the domestic electric vehicle market is too involuted, BMW Brilliance i5 does not have much advantage in price and configuration. If the price can be lowered like BMW Brilliance i3 in the future, it will surely be more competitive at that time.