At present, some unscrupulous operators sell fake and shoddy drugs by packaging them as "magic doctors" and "magic medicines", fooling the elderly into buying them and illegally seeking huge profits.In this regard, the China Consumers Association reminds elderly consumers to improve their awareness of risk prevention and self-protection ability.

Drugs without an approval number are counterfeit. Don’t buy drugs through informal channels.

First, we should buy drugs through regular channels such as hospitals and pharmacies, and carefully check the approval number of drugs. Except for Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces that are not subject to examination and approval management, drugs listed in China shall be approved by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, and can be listed only after obtaining the drug registration certificate and approval number, so as to ensure the safety, effectiveness and quality controllability of drugs. Consumers should try to choose hospitals, clinics, pharmacies and other formal places (including e-commerce platforms) that hold the Drug Business License and Business License to buy drugs, and carefully check the approval number (national medicine quasi-font number) and expiration date of drugs. Consumers can make inquiries and verification on the website of National Medical Products Administration. Consumers should never buy drugs that have no approval number or can’t find the information of national medicine quasi-brand name on National Medical Products Administration website, so as to avoid being infringed by counterfeit drugs.

In May, 2021, Wenzhou Market Supervision Bureau of Zhejiang Province announced a typical case of "Iron Fist" action in the field of people’s livelihood in the city recently, one of which was "Longwan District Market Supervision Bureau investigated and dealt with Yang Mobin’s suspected case of producing and selling counterfeit drugs". On February 25th, 2021, law enforcement officers of Yongxing Institute of Longwan District Market Supervision Bureau inspected Yang Mobin’s residence according to the report clues, and found 8 bottles of "new gout specific medicine", and the outer packaging was marked with "Function indication: acute and chronic gout, this medicine has the effects of expelling wind and removing dampness, dispelling cold and relieving pain & HELIP; …” Words such as, in line with the definition of drug, but the product has not obtained the drug approval document. The above drugs were tested by Wenzhou Food and Drug Inspection Science Research Institute, and dexamethasone was detected. Yang Mobin’s act of selling the above-mentioned counterfeit drugs is suspected of violating the provisions of Article 141 of the Criminal Law, which constitutes the crime of selling counterfeit drugs. At present, the case has been transferred to Longwan Branch of Wenzhou Public Security Bureau for investigation according to law.

Foods with significant medical effects are likely to be illegally added with drugs.Products are harmful to health.

Food is not medicine, and it has no effect on treating diseases. For some "foods" that claim to be able to treat diseases, they are either false propaganda or drugs are probably illegally added. Long-term consumption of such "food" will bring great health risks to consumers.

Among the typical cases of the fourth batch of 2021 cases in the field of people’s livelihood investigated and dealt with by the General Administration of Market Supervision on August 24th, there was a case in which the Market Supervision Bureau of Jiyuan City, Henan Province investigated and dealt with Huang and others selling illegally added drugs and food. On July 5, 2021, Jiyuan Municipal Market Supervision Bureau received complaints from consumers, saying that the pollen yam tablet candy it bought in Huangmou had a very good hypoglycemic effect after taking it, but at the same time there were a series of adverse reactions. After inspection, glibenclamide was detected in the product. Glibenclamide is a prescription western medicine with obvious hypoglycemic effect. Because of the obvious side effects, long-term large-scale use will cause hypoglycemia and kidney disease, and even lead to death, so the drug can only be used by specific people and needs to be taken under the guidance of a doctor. The behavior of the parties concerned is suspected of violating the provisions of Article 38 of the Food Safety Law "No drugs shall be added to the food produced and operated" and the provisions of Article 144 of the Criminal Law, which constitutes toxic and harmful food in production and sales. At present, the case has been transferred to the public security organs.

"imperial doctor"The "magic medicine" is a false advertisement. Don’t lose your health in pursuit of it.

In order to obtain economic benefits, some unscrupulous operators publish false and illegal advertisements involving traditional Chinese medicine, and induce consumers to buy and use them through false or exaggerated curative effects. This behavior not only affects the healthy and orderly development of Chinese medicine, but also adversely affects the life, health and safety of consumers.

In the fifth batch of typical cases of investigating and handling "Tiequan" in 2021 people’s livelihood cases announced by the General Administration of Market Supervision on September 29, there was a case that "Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau of Lanzhou City, Gansu Province investigated and dealt with the false advertising case published by Gansu Zhuoyuantang Internet Hospital Co., Ltd. according to law". On March 17, 2021, the Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau conducted an on-site inspection of Meilin County Chinese Medicine Clinic of Gansu Zhuoyuantang Internet Hospital Co., Ltd. according to the clues reported, and found a large number of "Product Introduction — Ninger Formula, Product Introduction — The advertising materials of the product "Huofei Prescription" are printed with the words "ancient prescription and ancient method for collecting and processing drugs". After investigation, the company published "Lanzhou Zhuoyuantang Chinese Medicine Museum — — The article "Pioneer of online diagnosis and treatment" promotes "the annual number of medical visits is more than 100,000"; The first online consultation Internet hospital in Lanzhou — 　 — The article "Zhuoyuantang Chinese Medicine Hospital" promotes "specially invited Chinese medicine academicians, Chinese medicine masters and outstanding Chinese medicine experts inside and outside the province" and other contents. At the same time,The company’s customer service staff publicized "guarantee never to recur" to patients through online consultation; We use the secret recipe for more than 200 years ","the average cure rate is over 95% "and" to ensure that it will never recur; There are hundreds of thousands of rehabilitation cases and so on. The company’s advertising is inconsistent with the facts and seriously misleads the public. The above-mentioned behavior of the parties violates the relevant provisions of Articles 16 and 28 of the Advertising Law and is an illegal act of publishing false advertisements. Qilihe District Market Supervision Bureau imposed an administrative penalty of 800,000 yuan on the parties according to law.

China. com, December 16-Omicron mutant spreads quickly, is highly contagious and spreads invisibly. However, with the variation of the virus, the vast majority of infected people are mild or asymptomatic in clinical features. For people with mild and asymptomatic infections, people with no basic diseases or with stable basic diseases, they can take care of themselves at home. According to the "Guidelines for Home Treatment of Covid-19 Infected Persons" (hereinafter referred to as "Guidelines") issued by the State Council in response to the joint prevention and control mechanism of novel coronavirus epidemic, as well as the relevant tips from local CDC and medical experts, China. com combed the following 30 questions and answers, covering knowledge points such as protection, medication, medical treatment for key populations, vaccination, etc., to help the general public do a good job in personal protection and home treatment.

1. What should I pay attention to when I am infected with COVID-19?

The "Guide" clarifies that home therapists should take temperature measurement and self-health monitoring once every morning and evening. If symptoms such as fever and cough appear, they can take symptomatic treatment or oral medication. When necessary, you can also contact the medical staff of primary health care institutions or consult relevant medical institutions through Internet medical forms. Asymptomatic people don’t need medication. When taking medicine, home therapists should take it according to the drug instructions to avoid blind use of antibacterial drugs. If you have a basic disease, there is no need to change the dosage of the basic disease treatment drugs being used when the condition is stable. Antigen self-test and report the results according to the relevant epidemic prevention requirements.

If you have difficulty breathing or shortness of breath; After drug treatment, the body temperature remained higher than 38.5℃ for more than 3 days. The original underlying diseases are obviously aggravated and uncontrollable; Children have drowsiness, persistent refusal to eat, feeding difficulties, persistent diarrhea or vomiting; When pregnant women have symptoms such as headache, dizziness, palpitation, breath-holding, or abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding or bleeding, abnormal fetal movement, etc., they can be transferred to relevant hospitals for treatment by means of self-driving and 120 ambulances.

2. How to use medicine?

Reference Table of Commonly Used Drugs for Home Treatment of Infected Persons in Covid-19:

3. How to protect family members?

The Guide suggests that when you are at home, you should open doors and windows regularly every day to keep indoor air circulation. If you don’t have natural ventilation conditions, you can use exhaust fans for mechanical ventilation. Do a good job in ventilation and disinfection of shared areas such as toilets and bathrooms. Wash hands or disinfect hands when preparing food, defecating before and after meals, taking off masks, etc. Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, or cover your nose and mouth with the inside of your elbow, and throw the used tissue into the trash can. Do not share daily necessities with other family members. Tableware should be cleaned and disinfected after use. The surfaces of articles that may be contacted by home therapists and the towels, clothes and quilts they use should be cleaned and disinfected in time, and the personal belongings of infected persons should be placed separately.If the family shares the bathroom, the home treatment staff should disinfect it every time they use it; If family therapists use a separate bathroom, they can be disinfected once a day. Used paper towels, masks, disposable gloves and other household garbage are put into plastic bags and placed in special trash cans. Articles contaminated by saliva, sputum, etc. shall be disinfected at any time.

4. When can I end the home treatment?

The Guide makes it clear that if the symptoms of home-based therapists are obviously improved or have no obvious symptoms, the self-test antigen is negative, and the Ct value of Covid-19 nucleic acid detection for two consecutive times is ≥35 (the interval between the two tests is more than 24 hours), home-based therapy can be ended, and normal life and going out can be resumed.

5. What should I pay attention to when I go to the hospital?

Shen Ning, vice president of Peking University Third Hospital and director of the Center for Infectious Diseases: If you have fever and related respiratory symptoms and need to see a doctor, you should go to the fever clinic. When visiting a doctor, observe the relevant regulations of the hospital, especially self-protection, wear N95 mask regularly throughout the whole process, and comply with the relevant requirements of the hospital for nucleic acid and antigen. If you suspect that you have related upper respiratory symptoms and are worried about the risk of going to the hospital, you can choose online medical treatment, find experts in infectious diseases, respiratory medicine, Chinese medicine and related departments for consultation, and judge whether you need to go offline for medical treatment.

6. The emergency department and fever clinic can prescribe medicine for up to three days, but it hasn’t recovered after three days. Do you need to go to the hospital for reexamination?

Shen Ning: The self-limiting process of upper respiratory tract infection is about 5-7 days. Many patients’ symptoms are not completely relieved after 3 days. If the symptoms are relieved to a certain extent after 3 days of medication, there is no need to rush to return to the clinic. It is recommended to further observe the changes of symptoms. If the symptoms get worse, you must go to the hospital for a follow-up visit.

7. Can Chinese medicine and western medicine be taken together to treat Covid-19 infection? Can a variety of Chinese patent medicines be eaten together?

Liu Qingquan, President of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine: At present, according to the research and clinical observation, Chinese patent medicines for treating COVID-19 and colds can be combined with western medicines such as antipyretic and analgesic drugs. Just to be on the safe side, Chinese medicine and western medicine should be separated by half an hour. If the ingredients of "Chinese patent medicine" used include drugs with western medicine for relieving fever and pain, attention should be paid to the combination of them, and side effects may occur after the drugs are superimposed. It is recommended not to combine several drugs, including traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. As a result of combined use, there will be overlapping of drug doses, which has certain risks and will not improve the curative effect.

8. What traditional Chinese medicines can be selected?

Liu Qingquan: At present, all the Chinese patent medicines for treating colds and flu, especially those with wind-heat syndrome and external cold and internal heat (cold containing fire), have a very good effect on treating Omicron mutant.

9. How to protect pregnant women?

Qiao Jie, Dean of Peking University Third Hospital and Academician of China Academy of Engineering: If pregnant women’s family members are infected, they should be relatively isolated in space as far as possible if possible, and their living items should be separated as much as possible, and the bathroom should be disinfected, and the living space should be ventilated as much as possible. If a colleague is positive, try to work at home as much as possible. If you must work in the same space at the same time, pay special attention to the ventilation of the office space and wear N95 mask. Pregnant women should go to public places as little as possible, and do not get together or have dinner. Pay attention to hand hygiene while wearing a mask. Maintain balanced nutrition, adequate sleep and a positive and optimistic attitude. Pay attention to the standardized wearing of N95 mask when you go to the hospital for check-up, and reduce the waiting time. If you have any questions, you can consult in the form of online medical care.

10. What are the symptoms of pregnant women infected with Covid-19? Will it affect the fetus?

Qiao Jie: After the pregnant women were infected with Covid-19, the overall incidence, symptoms and course of disease were similar to those of the general population. The main symptoms were upper respiratory tract infection, such as cough, sore throat, sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose, general aches and fever, and the severity was very few. The course of disease is basically 5-7 days, and the severe cases are mainly related to basic diseases, such as poor liver and kidney function, hypertension, diabetes, etc., which need to be treated in time. The mother has the protective barrier of placenta, so it is hardly transmitted to the fetus. However, if it is postpartum, it is best for Bao Ma to be isolated from the newborn or wear N95 mask to breastfeed.

11. How do pregnant women respond to symptoms?

Qiao Jie: When pregnant women have respiratory symptoms such as fever and dry cough, they can do nucleic acid test or antigen test to determine whether they are infected with Covid-19. Drink plenty of water, cool down physically, and choose traditional Chinese medicine available to pregnant women for symptomatic treatment. If western medicine is used to reduce fever, acetaminophen can be used for treatment if the temperature exceeds 38.5 degrees. When choosing antipyretic drugs, choose a single drug, and don’t stack it to reduce possible liver and kidney damage. Pay attention to monitoring heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature. Pregnant women in the third trimester should also pay attention to the monitoring of fetal movement, which can be monitored for one hour every day and have more than three fetal movements every hour. If the symptoms persist for more than 3 days, the fever does not improve after taking antipyretics, or fetal movement disappears, chest pain, chest tightness, abdominal pain, etc., you should contact the midwifery institution in time and see a doctor in time.

12. If COVID-19 is positive, can she give birth by herself?

Zhao Yangyu, director of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital: Whether Covid-19 is infected or not, the choice of delivery mode is determined according to obstetric indications, and the doctor makes a comprehensive evaluation. For example, simple Covid-19 positive, no natural childbirth taboo (such as poor heart function, severe lung function, etc.), as long as you can tolerate the whole process of vaginal delivery, you can still choose natural childbirth.

13. What are the manifestations of children infected with COVID-19?

Qian Suyun, chief physician of Beijing Children’s Hospital: Most children mainly have fever, cough, runny nose and stuffy nose. Some of them are atypical symptoms, including fatigue, poor appetite, vomiting and even diarrhea. There are also some children who will have wheezing and hoarseness. However, the degree of children’s fever varies greatly from individual to individual, and some children can have a higher fever, even more than 39 degrees or 40 degrees. It is observed that most children have a fever in about 2-3 days. So the course of disease is about 3-5 days. The probability of serious illness is very low.

14. What medicines can families with children store?

Qian Suyun: Families with children should properly store some emergency drugs commonly used by children, but it is not recommended to store a lot of drugs. Improper storage may lead to children taking them by mistake. It is recommended to reserve drugs. The first category is antipyretic drugs. For children over 6 months, you can choose ibuprofen or acetaminophen, and one of them can be enough. Children between 2 months and 6 months are not suitable for ibuprofen, but acetaminophen can be used. For children within two months, it is not recommended to use antipyretic drugs routinely, and measures such as physical cooling can be taken and timely medical treatment can be taken. Cough is conducive to the discharge of respiratory secretions. Routine use of drugs is not recommended for children with mild cough. If there is nasal congestion and obvious cough, you can do atomization and wash your nose. At home, you can use a humidifier to increase the humidity in the air. If you have obvious cough, you can prepare some Chinese patent medicines for clearing heat and eliminating phlegm, and choose drugs suitable for your age, but don’t take two or more at the same time. Antipyretic drugs do not advocate taking the two drugs at the same time, and there is no need to take them alternately. Use drugs according to the age, dosage or doctor’s advice recommended in the instructions, and pay attention to the interval between two drugs. It is best for parents not to give drugs to their children according to their own experience or speculation. They can get medical advice and recommendations from professionals through the Internet.

15. Under what circumstances does the child need to be sent to a doctor?

Qian Suyun: The simplest way to distinguish is to look at the child’s mental state. If the child has fever and other symptoms, but he is in good spirits and can eat, drink and play after the fever has gone down, he can continue to observe and treat the symptoms at home. It is recommended to go to the hospital in the following situations: the fever lasts for more than 3 days and there is no sign of improvement; The child’s mental state is not good, including that the baby sometimes cries, is annoyed and is not easy to appease, and the older child is sleepy, listless and looks bad; In addition, cough is getting worse, which affects daily life and sleep; Some children wheeze, breathe faster, even have difficulty breathing, and have obvious hoarseness. Be careful of laryngitis and laryngotracheitis; If you have consciousness disorder or convulsion, you should see a doctor immediately. Children under three months are a special group, including newborns and infants. Once they have fever, it is recommended to see a doctor in time.

16. How should the elderly protect themselves?

Li Yanming, Director of Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Hospital: First of all, we should vaccinate, including whole-course vaccine and booster vaccine, which can obviously reduce the incidence of severe illness. Second, reduce going out, especially avoid going to closed places where people gather. If you really need to go out, wear a mask. Try to minimize contact with the external environment during the whole process, and wash your hands when you come back. Third, pay attention to keep warm while strengthening ventilation. You can put your elderly friends in another room and let them return to the room after the ventilation is over and the room temperature returns to normal. Fourth, to control basic diseases, we can buy medicines through various channels, or let relatives and friends buy medicines. Fifth, ensure regular sleep and nutrition, but don’t overeat. Reduce alcohol and tobacco as much as possible. Family members who don’t live with the elderly can reduce their visits and reduce the chances of virus exposure in the near future. If the co-residents are infected with Covid-19, they can live alone if conditions permit. If conditions do not allow, it is necessary to have an independent room, close the door and strengthen ventilation. Patients should be cleaned and disinfected after touching toilets, door handles and faucets.

17. What are the precautions for drug use in the elderly?

Li Yanming: After the elderly are infected with Covid-19, we should first strengthen observation and monitoring. Second, we should strengthen daily care, including light diet. After infection, the gastrointestinal function of the elderly is not good. It is recommended to eat less and eat more meals to avoid vomiting after eating a lot of food at one time. Ensure sleep; Replenish a proper amount of water, combined with body temperature and sweating, a small amount for many times, to prevent gastrointestinal discomfort and increase heart load caused by a large amount of water supplement at one time. Third, the higher the body temperature and the older you are, the more careful you should use drugs to prevent the elderly from sweating a lot after using a fever to cause collapse or even hypotension; In addition, the fever should be slowed down, and the fever can be reduced by physical means; Avoid using multiple drugs together when using antipyretics and cold medicines. Fourth, the application of proprietary Chinese medicines should be less and more precise, and multiple proprietary Chinese medicines with the same function should not be used at the same time. Fifth, the elderly with basic diseases should strengthen the management of basic diseases. A large amount of water loss caused by fever may lead to a decrease in blood pressure. During the fever, especially when antipyretics are used, pay attention to blood pressure monitoring. If the blood pressure is lower than the normal level, the antihypertensive drugs should be reduced or even stopped, and then used as usual when the blood pressure returns to normal. The elderly may eat little after infection, so it is necessary to monitor the changes of blood sugar to prevent hypoglycemia. When the elderly have fever and weakness, they must prevent falling.

18. Under what circumstances do you need to send the elderly to the hospital?

Li Yanming: We should strengthen the observation of the elderly and understand their basic situation. Such as basal heart rate, basal blood pressure, respiratory rate per minute and body temperature. For the elderly with cardiopulmonary diseases, it is necessary to know their basic peripheral oxygen saturation. Observe the changes of the general situation of the elderly, such as conscious state, mental state, defecation and eating. If the following situations occur, you need to consider seeking medical treatment: First, symptoms such as fever persist or tend to worsen. Second, there are new symptoms, such as chest pain, dyspnea, incontinence or sudden immobility of limbs, especially unilateral immobility of limbs, or inability of the elderly to eat, nausea and vomiting, or drowsiness, unconsciousness and disorientation. In addition, the aggravation of basic diseases, such as coronary heart disease in the elderly themselves, leads to angina pectoris; It turned out that there was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, and there was an aggravation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, and they all needed to see a doctor.

19. What should cardiovascular patients pay attention to?

Zhou Yujie, Executive Vice President of Beijing anzhen hospital: Patients with original cardiovascular diseases are taking basic drugs. Drinking more water after high fever may affect the symptoms of heart failure, such as drugs for relieving muscle soreness and cardiovascular drugs. At present, no adverse effects between them have been found, so there is no need to be anxious. Manage the basic diseases of the heart well, use the original drugs for cardiovascular diseases well, increase the body’s immunity, improve their sleep quality and overcome anxiety. Don’t stop taking drugs for cardiovascular disease prevention and control for a long time. If you have persistent chest pain, seek medical advice promptly. Pay attention to keep warm, control the intake of sugar, oil and salt, and keep moderate exercise, not too intense. Monitor blood pressure, heart rate and blood lipid regularly.

20. How to sterilize at home?

Lu Lian, Director of the Hospital Sense Management Office of beijing ditan hospital, said: The risk of being infected by household items after "Yangguo" home rehabilitation is very small. The family can do daily cleaning without terminal disinfection. You can unplug the refrigerator and wipe it with a wet towel containing alcohol. Food that is not sealed in the refrigerator is heated before eating. Wipe hard surfaces such as toilets, desktops and cabinets with alcohol wipes or chlorine-containing disinfectant. Cotton items can be washed normally in the washing machine, and the quilt can be dried in the sun. Physical disinfection methods such as sun exposure and heat are preferred at home. To do a good job of ventilation, it is recommended to ventilate 2-3 times a day for at least 30 minutes each time. Household disinfection should focus on cleaning, supplemented by chemical disinfection.

21. What should I pay attention to when disinfecting?

Peking Union Medical College Hospital: Spraying 75% alcohol in a confined space for air disinfection may easily lead to fire or even explosion. Use chlorine-containing disinfectant to disinfect the surface of metal countertops or leather products that are easy to corrode. Disinfectants cannot be used to directly disinfect the human body. Stimulating the airway after inhalation will lead to cough and even destroy epithelial cells. It needs to be wiped after spraying with disinfectant, and pure chemical action can’t completely disinfect it. After disinfection with chlorine-containing disinfectant, the list of objects should be cleaned. The concentration of disinfectant used should not be too high or too low. Different types of disinfectants should not be mixed. Disinfectant can’t be added to the laundry detergent, and a large amount of water is diluted during washing, which can’t play a disinfection role; Chlorine disinfection will corrode and destroy the inner container of washing machine.

22. How long can I return to work after the fever has gone down?

Li Dongzeng, Chief Physician, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing You ‘an Hospital: Under normal circumstances, the symptoms of cough, nasal congestion, runny nose and sore throat will be obviously relieved in 3 days after the body temperature is normal. When somatosensory sore throat and cough no longer affect sleep, it means that the body has basically recovered and is suitable for returning to work. After 7 days of onset in young adults, the nucleic acid gradually turned negative, and the infectivity was low. COVID-19 should still do a good job of respiratory protection after recovery, and do not lower the prevention and control standards. After returning to work, stick to wearing masks in crowded and closed public places, pay attention to hand hygiene, cough, sneezing and other etiquette. Don’t eat face to face in the canteen.

23. Is there a high chance of reinfection after rehabilitation?

Zhong Nanshan, academician of China Academy of Engineering: After being infected with Omicron once, antibodies will be produced in the body, which is equivalent to being vaccinated once. At present, the data show that after being infected with Omicron once, the rate of reinfection within one year is very small.

Wan Mobin, Chief Physician, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Changhai Hospital:There are three types of people who are more susceptible to repeated infections, including the elderly, people with basic diseases and people with poor immunity.Self-protection awareness should be strengthened after the cured confirmed patients in COVID-19 are discharged from hospital and asymptomatic infected people are released from isolation. Vaccination, wearing a mask, keeping a social distance of 1 meter, and trying to avoid being in crowded and poorly ventilated indoor spaces are still effective ways to prevent repeated infections. In addition, in daily life, we should also increase nutrition, especially increase the intake of protein, keep exercising, ensure a good attitude and improve the body’s immunity.The risk of reinfection, as well as the symptoms after infection, depends on many complicated factors, including the variation of variants, vaccination and previous physical conditions. It is true that a small number of infected people are at higher risk after reinfection, but for most people, there is no need to worry too much about the aggravation of symptoms after reinfection.

24. What are the taboos for vaccination?

Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention: The medical staff at the inoculation point are responsible for the taboo judgment, and the clinicians at the secondary and above medical institutions are responsible for the disease diagnosis. The diagnosis certificate issued should specify the recent detailed state of the patient, so as to facilitate the taboo judgment at the inoculation point. Taboos include: ① severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylactic shock and laryngeal edema, occurred during previous vaccination; ② Acute infectious diseases are in the fever stage and vaccination is suspended; ③ Vaccination is suspended for serious chronic diseases during acute attack, such as cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, patients with hypertensive crisis, patients with coronary heart disease who have myocardial infarction, autoimmune nervous system diseases in the advanced stage, and epilepsy patients in the attack stage; ④ Life has entered the terminal stage due to serious chronic diseases.

25. Does it mean that the COVID-19 vaccine has not been vaccinated because of the basic disease and other reasons?

Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC: There was a serious allergic reaction after vaccination, so we can’t vaccinate this vaccine in the future. Most other situations belong to the situation of slow seeding. In the early stage, because of the basic diseases, the vaccine could not be vaccinated in the evaluation process, and most of them belonged to slow seeding. They have entered the stable period of the disease or the special treatment condition is over. After re-evaluating the conditions, it is still recommended to vaccinate as soon as possible.

26. Is the adverse reaction rate of COVID-19 vaccine for the elderly high?

Wang Huaqing: According to the current monitoring situation, the overall reported incidence of adverse reactions among the elderly aged 60 and above after being vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccine is slightly lower than that of people under 60, and the incidence of serious adverse reactions is basically similar to that of other people, which is less than one in a million.

27. How long is the interval between strengthening immunization?

Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine can effectively reduce the risk of severe illness and death after infection. The elderly who have no vaccination contraindications and meet the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated as soon as possible, and the booster immunization should be completed as soon as possible after 3 months of complete vaccination.

28. Who is the target group of the second dose of booster immunization?

According to the "Implementation Plan for the Second Dose of Enhanced Immunization of Covid-19 Vaccine" (hereinafter referred to as "Implementation Plan") issued by the Comprehensive Group of Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for novel coronavirus Epidemic in the State Council, at this stage, on the basis of the first dose of enhanced immunization, the second dose of enhanced immunization can be carried out among people with high risk of infection, people over 60 years old, people with serious basic diseases and people with low immunity.

29. How long is the interval between the second dose of booster immunization?

According to the real world research and clinical trial data at home and abroad, combined with the actual vaccination in China, the time interval between the second dose of booster immunization and the first dose of booster immunization is more than 6 months.

30. What vaccines can be selected for the second dose of booster immunization?

According to the progress of vaccine research and development, all vaccines approved for conditional marketing or emergency use can be used for the second dose of booster immunization. Priority is given to sequential booster immunization, or the second dose of booster immunization with vaccines containing Omicron strain or with good cross-immunity to Omicron strain. The relevant combinations are as follows:

3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Kangxinuo intramuscular recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (CHO cells) of Chifeilongkema; 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector) for Kangxinuo inhalation; 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Zhuhai Livzon recombinant Covid-19 fusion protein (CHO cell) vaccine; 2 doses of Kangxinuo intramuscular adenovirus vector vaccine +1 dose of Kangxinuo inhalation recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (adenovirus vector type 5); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Chengdu WEEK recombinant Covid-19 vaccine (sf9 cells); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Beijing Wan Tai nasal spray influenza virus carrier Covid-19 vaccine; 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of Zhejiang clover recombinant Covid-19 protein subunit vaccine (CHO cells); 3 doses of inactivated vaccine +1 dose of recombinant Covid-19 bivalent S trimer protein vaccine from Shenzhou cells.

(comprehensive the State Council joint defense joint control mechanism conference,Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Global Times,Beijing news broadcast, etc.)

　　Pupils perform programming operations under the guidance of teachers. Photo by Zheng Jiawei

　　BEIJING, Beijing, December 22 (Zheng Jiawei) "Programming education is not to cultivate code farmers, but to cultivate students’ programming ability, and the most important thing is the process, which trains the way of thinking in the process of presenting logical thinking and finally solves practical problems in life." Dr. Yu Xiaoya, a professor at Beijing Institute of Education, said.

　　On the 21st, an observation activity and seminar on innovative classroom teaching of programming education in primary and secondary schools was held in Beijing. On the day of the meeting, teachers from all over the country gathered in the No.1 Primary School of Exhibition Road, Xicheng District, Beijing to observe the programming demonstration class provided by the No.1 Primary School of Exhibition Road, and discuss how to further cultivate students’ innovative thinking and practical ability after the course.

　　In the demonstration class, under the guidance of the teacher, the students in Grade 5 of the primary school used the programming cat tool to complete the animation production and the programming of the voice-activated lighting system, respectively. Many students said that they liked the hands-on operation in class very much and wanted to continue to play programming when they got home.

　　Guan Jiying, one of the two teachers who participated in the demonstration class, was responsible for teaching the programming of acoustic control lighting system. After the students finished the basic programming of acoustic control system, she further inspired the students to think about the practical application of acoustic control system, and finally guided the students to program the noise indicator system. When the surrounding voices were normal, the green light turned on, but when the voice was too loud, it turned red.

　　On July 8th, this year, the State Council issued the Development Plan of the New Generation of Artificial Intelligence, specifically proposing to implement the national intelligence education project, set artificial intelligence related courses in primary and secondary schools, gradually promote programming education, and encourage social forces to participate in the development and promotion of educational programming teaching software and games.

　　Zhu Hui, a researcher in Xicheng District, Beijing, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that although the State Council issued a notice to add programming to the classrooms of primary and secondary schools, schools still need to choose appropriate programming tools in the actual operation process to make this requirement a reality.

　　According to Zhu Hui, programming education in Xicheng District has always been in the forefront of Beijing. From the first computer elective course in 1982 to the graphical programming language education with "programming cats", it has always focused on cultivating students’ procedural thinking and solving problems in real life. (End)

　　China Fund News reporter Wang Ying

　　Overnight, Baidu went on hot search again.

　　Last night, an article "Search Engine Baidu is Dead" published by the media "News Lab" was screened. The article accuses Baidu that more than half of the search results will point to Baidu’s own products, especially Baijiahao. And Baijiahao is full of a lot of marketing and poor quality content, which leads to a sharp decline in the content quality of Baidu search results.

　　Although they come from different media, they are all the media’s hundreds of numbers after clicking, not the media’s own website. For example, the first article of Yicai:

　　According to the statement, many online media either implicitly or explicitly linked the article "Baidu, the search engine, is dead" with the 6.4% decline in Baidu’s stock today. Actually, my article is not that influential.

　　1. Today, Chinese stocks generally fell, and Baidu did not fall the most. For example, Weibo fell by 13.63%.

　　2. According to the analysis of Barron’s (https://www.barrons.com/articles/Baidu-takes-a-beating-on-Citi-price-cut-China-Fears-51548191513), the main reason for Baidu’s decline today is that Citigroup lowered its target price and worried about the increase of marketing expenses.

　　Fang Chengcheng expressed the hope that media friends would not mistakenly establish causality. After all, the original intention of writing that article was to have more accurate information.

　　According to public information, Fang Chengcheng graduated from the School of Journalism and Communication of Peking University, and is now a doctoral candidate at Annenberg School of Communication of the University of Pennsylvania, USA, and a former reporter of Southern Weekend.

Press conference video

　　At 15: 00 on December 29, 2023, the Information Office of the Provincial Government held a press conference on the Measures for Implementing the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province.

　　Release content:Introduction and interpretation of the "Implementation in Henan Province"〈the land administration law of the people’s republic of china〉Measures ",and answer questions from reporters.

　　Published by:

　　Wang Xinmin Provincial People’s Congress Legal Committee Vice Chairman

　　Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner, Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Director, Economic and Ecological Legislation Division, Justice Department of Li Dake Province

　　Director, Regulations Division, Department of Natural Resources, Shenhui Province

　　Niu Suling, Second Inspector of Propaganda Department of Provincial Party Committee

　　Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the press,

　　Hello everyone! Welcome to the press conference held by the Information Office of Henan Provincial People’s Government.

　　In order to strengthen land management and promote high-quality economic and social development, the Measures for the Implementation of the Land Management Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province, which was deliberated and adopted at the sixth meeting of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress Standing Committee, will be officially implemented on January 1, 2024. In order to do a good job in the publicity and interpretation of the Implementation Measures and respond to social concerns in a timely manner, we are here today to hold a press conference to introduce the relevant situation of the revision of the Implementation Measures and answer media concerns.

　　First of all, let me introduce the publisher who attended today’s press conference:

　　Mr. Wang Xinmin, Vice Chairman of the Legal Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress;

　　Mr. Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner of Provincial Department of Natural Resources;

　　Mr. Li Dake, Director of Economic and Ecological Legislation Division of Provincial Justice Department;

　　Mr. Shen Hui, Director of Regulations Department of Provincial Department of Natural Resources.

　　Now, please let Director Wang Xinmin make the announcement.

　　Wang Xinmin, Deputy Director of the Legal Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress

　　Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the media,

　　On November 30, 2023, the Sixth Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress deliberated and adopted the Measures for the Implementation of the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province (hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Measures"), which will take effect on January 1, 2024. Today, we hold a press conference here to better promote the whole society to seriously study and implement the Implementation Measures. Let me briefly introduce to you the significance, legislative process, guiding ideology and main contents of the revision of the Implementation Measures.

　　I. Significance of the revision of the Implementation Measures

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the land system is the basic system of the country. The CPC Central Committee, the State Council, the provincial party committee and the provincial government have always attached great importance to land management, and made a series of major reforms and arrangements for deepening rural land reform and strengthening land management. The Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China, revised in 2019 and 2021 respectively, and its implementing regulations have been greatly adjusted in terms of land space planning, farmland protection, land expropriation and land use approval. The "Implementation Measures" implemented in our province in 1999 has not adapted to the needs of reform, nor does it conform to the development reality of our province, and it can not effectively link up the superior law. Therefore, in order to implement the spirit of the land reform of the Central Committee and the Provincial Party Committee, and to implement the provisions of the detailed superior law, it is necessary to fix the mature practices in land management in our province in recent years in the form of legislation and comprehensively revise the original "Implementation Measures".

　　Second, the legislative process

　　At the beginning of 2023, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress included the revision of the Implementation Measures in the deliberation items of the legislative plan. According to the legislative plan, the Provincial Department of Natural Resources is responsible for drafting the "Implementation Measures (Revised Draft)" and conducting system integrity assessment and social stability risk assessment. Afterwards, according to the legislative procedure, the Provincial Department of Justice reviewed and revised the "Implementation Measures (Draft)", solicited the opinions of relevant units and the public, visited Fujian and Jiangxi successively, and investigated in Luoyang and Sanmenxia, and invited relevant experts from the Provincial High Court and Zhengzhou University to participate in the discussion, fully listening to the opinions and suggestions of relevant parties. On May 22, 2023, the seventh executive meeting of the provincial government discussed and adopted the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft), and then submitted it to the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, and the Environmental Protection Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress undertook the preliminary examination. In June, Liu Nanchang, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, led a team and went to Anyang, Pingdingshan and other cities to conduct field research and solicit opinions. In late July, the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress deliberated the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) for the first time.

　　After the first trial, the Legal Affairs Committee organized the Provincial Department of Natural Resources and relevant legislative experts to conduct legislative research in Xuchang City, and studied and revised the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) one by one according to the deliberation opinions of the members of the Standing Committee; At the same time, comrades familiar with land management business from local natural resources bureau and township grass-roots units are invited to participate in the whole process of research and discussion. After that, the revised "Implementation Measures (Revised Draft)" was sent to relevant provincial units, municipal people’s congress standing committees, grassroots legislative contact points, legislative bases, etc. At the same time, it went to Zhoukou, Hebi, Xinxiang and other places to carry out legislative research, and organized relevant government departments, deputies to the National People’s Congress and grassroots cadres in townships (towns) to hold symposiums to listen to opinions from all sides. In early October, I went to Hebei Province to study and inspect the experience of land legislation. In early November, the Legal Affairs Committee, together with the relevant responsible comrades and legislative experts of the Provincial Department of Justice and the Department of Natural Resources, studied and revised the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) according to the feedback from all sides.

　　On November 15th, the Legal Affairs Committee held a plenary meeting to review the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) one by one, and formed the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) (reviewed and revised draft); Relevant responsible comrades of the Environmental Protection Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, the Provincial Department of Justice and the Provincial Department of Natural Resources attended the meeting as nonvoting delegates. On November 20th, the Legal Affairs Committee reported the revision of the Implementation Measures (Revised Draft) to the directors’ meeting, and revised it according to the opinions of the directors’ meeting. The directors’ meeting decided to submit it to the Sixth Standing Committee of the 14th Provincial People’s Congress for deliberation. On November 30th, the Standing Committee deliberated and adopted the Measures for Implementing the Land Management Law of the People’s Republic of China in Henan Province.

　　Third, the guiding ideology of legislation

　　In the process of legislation, we have determined the following guiding ideology: First, adhere to the problem orientation, focus on the problems existing in land management in our province, such as irregular land acquisition procedures and unclear responsibilities of homestead management, and link up with the superior law through specific and detailed provisions to enhance the pertinence, applicability and operability of legislation. The second is to serve the national strategy, keep in mind that food security is the "big country", implement the hard measures of farmland protection from the legislative level, strengthen the special protection of permanent basic farmland, and resolutely shoulder the political responsibility of food security. Third, earnestly safeguard farmers’ rights and interests, further refine the procedures of land expropriation, smooth the channels of public participation in land expropriation, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of landless farmers, meet the reasonable needs of farmers’ homesteads, and realize legislation for the people. The fourth is to implement the strictest system of saving and intensive land use, promote the improvement of land use and management methods through legislation, and move from extensive land use to saving and intensive land use, so as to solve the current problem of prominent contradiction between land supply and demand.

　　IV. Main contents of the Measures for Implementation

　　The Implementation Measures consists of eight chapters and seventy-four articles, which are divided into general principles, land spatial planning, farmland protection, agricultural land conversion and expropriation, construction land management, supervision and inspection, legal responsibilities and supplementary provisions. Below, I will briefly introduce the main contents of the "Implementation Measures".

　　(a) on the land space planning. Focusing on the urgent needs of land management, the "Implementation Measures" set up a chapter on land spatial planning according to the spirit of relevant documents of the Central Committee and the Provincial Party Committee. Article 9 stipulates that people’s governments at all levels shall prepare land spatial planning according to law, and clarifies the legal status and effectiveness of land spatial planning. Articles 10 to 13 make detailed provisions on the principles, subjects, procedures and approval authority of the overall planning, detailed planning and special planning of land and space, highlighting the leading role and rigid constraint role of land and space planning.

　　(2) On the protection of cultivated land. Our province is a big agricultural province, and it is a major political task to strictly protect the red line of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland and ensure national food security. The "Implementation Measures" thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on strengthening farmland protection, adhered to the strictest farmland protection system, strictly adhered to the red line of farmland protection and the bottom line of food security, and provided a strong legal guarantee for farmland protection in our province. First, the balance system of cultivated land occupation and compensation has been clarified, and it is stipulated that people’s governments at all levels should unify all kinds of occupation of cultivated land into the balance management of occupation and compensation, adhere to the principle of making up the occupation, accounting for one, making up for one, and making up for the superior, and improve the quality acceptance system of supplementary cultivated land. Second, the special protection system for permanent basic farmland is stipulated. According to the land management law and the relevant prohibition regulations of the central government, five acts prohibiting the occupation of permanent basic farmland are clarified in Article 20, which further strengthens the strict protection of permanent basic farmland. Third, from the perspective of optimizing and revitalizing land resources, encourage rural land ownership, contracting rights and management rights to be separated and parallel, and promote moderate scale operation of agriculture. In addition, it also stipulates the incentive mechanism for comprehensive land improvement, land reclamation and cultivated land protection.

　　(3) About land expropriation. The "Implementation Measures" focus on safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of land-expropriated farmers and compact the responsibilities of the people’s governments at the city and county levels who apply for land acquisition. First, the procedures of land expropriation have been refined, and the procedures such as pre-announcement of land expropriation, investigation of land status, risk assessment of social stability, preparation of land expropriation compensation and resettlement plan, and signing of land expropriation compensation and resettlement agreement have been further clarified. The second is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of rural villagers whose houses are expropriated. It is clear that the rural villagers’ wishes should be respected in accordance with the principle of compensation before relocation and improvement of living conditions, and fair and reasonable compensation should be given by rearranging housing sites, providing resettlement houses or monetary compensation, and the compensation standards and relocation and temporary resettlement fees should be clarified to minimize disputes and disputes in land expropriation and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people.

　　(four) on the management of construction land. The "Implementation Measures" adhere to the principle of economical and intensive land use, implement the spirit of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, and further improve the quality of construction land management and the efficiency of examination and approval. First, the direction of land conservation and intensive use is clarified, and it is stipulated that if construction projects need to use land, priority should be given to the use of existing construction land, new technologies and models for land conservation and intensive use should be encouraged to improve the efficiency of construction land use, and at the same time, local land control standards should be formulated in light of actual conditions. Second, it is clear that the examination and approval of construction projects should be based on the reform requirements of the examination and approval system, and information sharing and parallel examination and approval should be adopted to improve the efficiency of land use examination and approval. The third is to stipulate that the people’s government at the county level should guarantee the demand for land for rural industries and public welfare undertakings according to law, and make it clear that the construction land index should be tilted towards rural development, coordinate urban and rural development, and help rural revitalization. The fourth is to improve the application and approval procedures for rural homesteads and encourage the active use of idle homesteads.

　　The promulgation of the "Implementation Measures" has solved the problem of having laws to follow, but the vitality and authority of the law lies in implementation. We still have a lot of work to do to put the "Implementation Measures" into practice comprehensively and accurately and really play its role. Land management involves a wide range and has high social concern, which requires the active cooperation and concerted efforts of all levels and departments in the province to form the greatest synergy. It is hoped that all relevant departments involved in the "Implementation Measures" will strictly follow the law and carefully sort out their legal responsibilities, especially to formulate and improve policies and measures that are compatible with the "Implementation Measures", such as the management measures for protected agricultural land, rural production road land, and the minimum compensation standards for ground attachments and young crops. The National People’s Congress will also pay close attention to the effect of the implementation of the Implementation Measures, organize and carry out supervision work such as law enforcement inspection, special inquiry and special investigation in a targeted manner, and follow up the new situations and new problems arising in the implementation of the Implementation Measures. It is hoped that we can innovate publicity methods, broaden publicity channels, expand the awareness and influence of the Implementation Measures, create a good atmosphere for the whole society to care for and support the implementation of the Implementation Measures, and jointly promote the implementation of the Implementation Measures to achieve better results! Thank you!

　　Niu Suling, Second Inspector of Propaganda Department of Provincial Party Committee

　　Thank you, Director Wang, for your comprehensive and detailed release! Next, please ask reporters and friends to ask questions about the content of this conference. Please inform your news organization before asking questions.

　　Top journalist

　　Land resources are related to the high-quality development of economy and society and the long-term interests of the country. At present, our province has anchored the "two guarantees" and implemented the "ten strategies", and the demand for construction land in various industries continues to be strong, but the contradiction between land supply and demand is still outstanding. Excuse me, how is the work of saving and intensive land use arranged in our province? What are the specific requirements? Thank you.

　　Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner of Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Thank you for your question. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to land management, and the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly given important instructions on saving and intensive land use. Our province is a big economic province, a big population province and a big agricultural province, and there is a serious shortage of cultivated land reserve resources. However, the average GDP per mu of construction land in our province is lower than the national average, and the gap with advanced provinces such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang is even greater. In order to achieve the goal of "two guarantees", promote the practice of Chinese modernization in Henan Province, and make good use of every inch of land economically and intensively is the only way out. The provincial people’s congress, the provincial party committee and the provincial government attach great importance to the implementation of cherishing and rationally utilizing land, implementing the strictest system of economical and intensive land use, and effectively solving the problems of extensive land use and waste. In the Implementation Measures, the level of economical and intensive land use in our province is further improved, and detailed provisions are made in various chapters.

　　First, the principles are clearly defined in the general rules. Combined with the present situation of land use in our province, in the Implementation Measures, it is clear that people’s governments at all levels should implement the strictest system of economical and intensive land use, insist on framing the total amount, limiting the capacity, revitalizing the stock, improving the quality, carrying out economical and intensive land use activities, strictly implementing the national land use control standards, formulating local land use control standards according to law, and carrying out economical and intensive land use evaluation to improve land use efficiency.

　　Second, clearly optimize the land spatial pattern. In Article 10, it is clear that the land spatial planning should include the land spatial development and protection pattern and the planning land layout, structure, use control requirements, etc., clear the requirements such as the amount of cultivated land, the scale of construction land, the scope of land reclamation prohibition and the upper limit of water resources utilization, coordinate the land layout of production and living facilities, infrastructure and public facilities, comprehensively utilize the above-ground and underground space, reasonably determine and strictly control the scale of new construction land, improve the level of land conservation and intensive utilization, and ensure the sustainable use of land.

　　Third, it is stipulated to carry out comprehensive land improvement, which is a platform for exercising all the duties of land use control and ecological protection and restoration, and implementing land spatial planning. In order to give full play to the positive role of comprehensive land improvement, Article 26 of the Implementation Measures stipulates that the county (city, district) and township people’s governments should organize comprehensive land improvement such as agricultural land consolidation, construction land consolidation, unused land development, industrial and mining wasteland left over from history and land reclamation damaged by natural disasters according to the national spatial planning, so as to improve the quality of cultivated land, increase the effective cultivated land area and promote the economical and intensive use of land; And encourage social subjects to participate in comprehensive land improvement according to law.

　　Fourth, it is important to improve the efficiency of construction land. Article 48 stipulates that if a construction project needs to use land, it should conform to the requirements of national spatial planning, annual land use plan and use control, as well as resource conservation and ecological environment protection, give priority to the use of existing construction land, and encourage the adoption of new technologies and models for economical and intensive land use. By adding the clause of "encouraging the formulation of local land use control standards", the relevant principles of "the design, construction and approval of construction land for construction projects" are made, and measures such as the requirements for conducting a general survey of construction land use are put forward to strengthen the work of saving and intensive land use.

　　Fifth, it is stipulated that the demand for homestead should be reasonably guaranteed, and the people’s governments at or above the county level should arrange construction land indicators in accordance with state regulations to reasonably guarantee the demand for rural villagers’ homestead. County (city, district), township land space planning and village planning should consider the production and living needs of rural villagers, highlighting the direction of saving and intensive land use. thank you

　　People’s Daily People’s Daily reporter

　　It is a major political task to strictly protect the red line of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland and ensure national food security. Please tell us about the measures for the protection of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland in the Implementation Measures. Thank you.

　　Zhang Chuanhui, Chief Planner of Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Thank you for your question. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed the importance and urgency of farmland protection, and pointed out that it is necessary to hold on to the lifeblood of farmland and resolutely rectify illegal acts of occupying and destroying farmland. In order to thoroughly implement the important instructions of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on strengthening farmland protection, the Implementation Measures adhere to the strictest farmland protection system, strictly abide by the red line of farmland protection and the bottom line of food security, and provide a strong legal guarantee for farmland protection in our province.

　　First, implement the responsibility system for cultivated land protection. In Article 16, people’s governments at all levels are stipulated to take overall responsibility for the protection of cultivated land within their respective administrative areas, implement the tasks of protecting cultivated land and permanent basic farmland clearly defined in the national spatial plan, strengthen the control of cultivated land planting purposes, control the conversion of cultivated land into non-cultivated land, and keep the red line of cultivated land protection and the bottom line of food security to ensure that the total amount of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland within their respective administrative areas will not decrease and the quality will be improved; It also requires the people’s governments at or above the county level to assess the implementation of the target of farmland protection responsibility of the people’s government at the next lower level every year.

　　The second is to implement the balance system of cultivated land occupation and compensation. According to the actual situation in our province, Article 17 stipulates that the compensation system for occupied cultivated land shall be implemented according to law. People’s governments at all levels shall implement the system of balance between occupation and compensation of cultivated land, unify all kinds of occupation of cultivated land into the management of balance between occupation and compensation, adhere to the principle of making up the occupation, accounting for one supplement, and taking advantage of the advantages and advantages, improve the quality acceptance system of supplementary cultivated land, and implement the compensation system for occupation of cultivated land according to law; If the balance of occupation and compensation cannot be achieved within the county-level administrative area, the cultivated land index can be supplemented by market-oriented cross-regional adjustment.

　　The third is to clarify the target of cultivated land, further strengthen the control of "non-agricultural" and "non-grain" of cultivated land, and adhere to "equal emphasis on quantity and quality". In Article 18, it is stipulated that people’s governments at all levels should strictly control the conversion of cultivated land into other agricultural land such as woodland, grassland and garden according to the target of cultivated land quantity determined by the people’s government at the next higher level. Where cultivated land is converted into other agricultural land such as forest land, grassland and garden land, we should pay equal attention to quantity and quality, and make up the cultivated land with the same quantity, quality and productivity that can be used stably for a long time in accordance with the regulations.

　　Fourth, strengthen the special protection of permanent basic farmland. The Implementation Measures implement a special protection system for permanent basic farmland in strict accordance with the superior law and the spirit of the central government. Article 19 stipulates that people’s governments at or above the county level shall organize the demarcation of permanent basic farmland on stable cultivated land according to the protection area index of permanent basic farmland issued by the people’s government at the next higher level, according to the land survey results published according to law and the land statistics published regularly. It is required that permanent basic farmland be implemented in plots and be included in the national permanent basic farmland database for strict management. And in Article 20, it is stipulated that specific behaviors prohibited in permanent basic farmland should be consolidated, the control line of permanent basic farmland should be kept, and the special protection system of permanent basic farmland should be fully implemented. thank you

　　Henan Legal News reporter

　　In recent years, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have made a number of major reforms and arrangements in the field of land management, such as establishing a land spatial planning system and promoting the reform of the separation of rural land ownership, contracting rights and management rights. What specific arrangements have we made to implement the reform and arrangements and strengthen the legal protection of land spatial planning and the separation of powers in rural areas? Thank you.

　　Li Dake, Director of Economic and Ecological Legislation Division of Provincial Justice Department

　　Thank you for your question. In this legislation, we have carefully studied and understood the reform decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the provincial party committee in the field of land management. In accordance with the spirit of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council’s Opinions on Establishing a Land Spatial Planning System and Supervising its Implementation, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council’s General Offices’ Opinions on Improving the Separation of Rural Land Ownership, Contracting Rights and Management Rights, and Henan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and Henan Provincial People’s Government’s Implementation Opinions on Establishing a Land Spatial Planning System and Supervising its Implementation, we should adhere to the connection between legislation and reform decision-making, actively adapt legislation to the needs of reform and development, and combine the reality of our province to strengthen land spatial planning and rural land separation of powers.

　　The first is to promote the implementation of "multi-regulation". In the past, there were many types of spatial planning, and there was not enough coordination among them, and cross-conflict occurred from time to time. The reform of the national land spatial planning system integrates the main functional area planning, land use planning and urban and rural planning into a national land spatial planning, and promotes the reform of "multi-regulation integration". The revised "Implementation Measures" has a chapter on "Land Spatial Planning". Article 9 clearly stipulates that land spatial planning approved according to law is the basic basis for all kinds of protection, development and construction activities, and no other spatial planning will be established outside the land spatial planning system. Therefore, in the future, the main functional area planning, land use planning and urban and rural planning will no longer be compiled separately, forming a "one map" of the whole province, truly realizing "multi-regulation integration", making the planning more scientific and implementing stricter supervision, which reflects the uniqueness of the national spatial planning.

　　The second is to clarify the planning requirements. The "Implementation Measures" insist on providing strong spatial planning support for high-quality development with high-level planning. Article 10 stipulates that the preparation of national land spatial planning should adhere to ecological priority, green and sustainable development, implement the requirements for the development and protection of national land space put forward in the national economic and social development plan, scientifically and orderly arrange functional spaces such as agriculture, ecology and towns, and delimit and implement cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red line and urban development boundary. Eleventh combined with the actual situation in our province, further defined the main body, deliberation organ and approval organ of the overall planning of provincial, city and county land space and township land space planning. Article 12 Arrangements are made for the preparation and approval of detailed planning and special planning. At the same time, in order to strengthen coordination and unity, it is also stipulated that special planning shall be organized and prepared by the corresponding competent department, and submitted for approval according to the procedures after the compliance review of the overall land and space planning by the competent department of natural resources at the same level.

　　The third is to use land in strict accordance with the national land space planning. In order to strengthen the planning authority and ensure the implementation of the plan, Article 13 of the Implementation Measures stipulates that the approved land and space plan shall be strictly implemented and shall not be modified without authorization. At the same time, it is clear that if the land and space plan really needs to be modified, it shall be modified in accordance with legal procedures with the consent of the original examination and approval authority. In addition, the "Implementation Measures" also highlights the implementation and supervision of the land spatial planning. Article 48 stipulates that the use of land for construction projects shall conform to the land spatial planning, and Article 13 requires that the competent natural resources department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall, in conjunction with relevant departments, organize supervision and inspection of the implementation of various control requirements such as control boundaries and binding indicators for the lower-level land spatial planning.

　　The fourth is to deepen the reform of rural land system. In order to promote the rational use of land resources, optimize the allocation of land resources, improve the land output rate, labor productivity and resource utilization rate, promote the development of modern agriculture, and realize rural revitalization, the Implementation Measures strictly implement the spirit of the central reform and provide a cohesive provision for deepening the rural land system reform according to law. Article 29 makes it clear that the people’s governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments should deepen the reform of rural land system according to law, optimize the allocation of land resources, promote the separation and parallelism of rural land ownership, contracting rights and management rights in accordance with state regulations, implement collective ownership, stabilize farmers’ contracting rights, liberalize land management rights, improve relevant systems to guide and standardize the transfer of land management rights, cultivate new business entities, promote moderate scale operation of agriculture, promote agricultural and rural modernization and promote rural revitalization. thank you

　　Henan radio and TV reporter

　　The "Implementation Measures" will be implemented on January 1, 2024. What specific measures will the natural resources department of our province take to implement the "Implementation Measures" in the next step? Thank you.

　　Shen Hui, Director of Regulations Department of Provincial Department of Natural Resources

　　Thank you for your question. In two days, the "Implementation Measures" will be implemented. Next, our office will implement the "Implementation Measures" from the following aspects.

　　First, continuously enhance the effectiveness of publicity. Taking publicity activities as an important starting point for deepening the study and implementation of the supreme leader’s thoughts on the rule of law and ecological civilization, and strengthening the creation of a good public opinion atmosphere, we should proceed from reality, strengthen problem orientation, comprehensively consider the specific conditions of regions and audiences, determine the publicity theme and content in a targeted manner, continuously improve the pertinence and appeal of publicity, promote good governance with good laws, and provide strong support for land management.

　　The second is to continue to promote system construction. In accordance with the provisions of the Implementation Measures, combined with the actual land management work in our province, we will improve the system construction, improve the working mechanism, strictly implement the provisions of the Measures on the expropriation of rural villagers’ houses and the way for the owners and users of land-expropriated land to express their reasonable demands and exercise their legitimate rights, minimize disputes and disputes in land expropriation, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of land-expropriated farmers.

　　The third is to improve the supporting legal system. In order to solve the growing demand for protected agricultural land, the Implementation Measures clearly stipulates that the site selection of protected agricultural land should not only meet the requirements of cultivated land protection and economical and intensive land use, but also take into account the needs of the people engaged in agricultural production. Measures for the administration of agricultural land for facilities and land for rural production roads shall be formulated by the provincial people’s government. In order to ensure the effective implementation of the Implementation Measures, we will, in accordance with the provisions of the Implementation Measures, jointly with relevant departments, formulate and promulgate in a timely manner the measures for the management of protected agricultural land, land for rural production roads, the measures for the implementation of supplementary cultivated land indicators, the minimum compensation standards for attachments and young crops on collectively owned land, and the specific measures for rural villagers to build houses economically and intensively.

　　The fourth is to actively implement strict law enforcement. It is necessary to implement the strictest cultivated land protection system, protect cultivated land with hard measures of "long teeth", further strengthen the management of natural resources, standardize administrative law enforcement procedures, strictly implement the administrative law enforcement responsibility system, improve the administrative law enforcement supervision mechanism, implement the responsibilities of various departments, form a joint force, and ensure the correct implementation of the Implementation Measures, so that there are laws to follow, law enforcement must be strict, and offenders will be prosecuted. thank you

　　Niu Suling, Second Inspector of Propaganda Department of Provincial Party Committee

　　Thank you for your introduction! That’s all for today’s on-site questions. If you have other concerns, you can contact the publishing unit for an interview after the press conference.

　　Media friends, the "Implementation Measures" is an important measure for our province to thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on strengthening the protection of cultivated land and saving intensive land use, and comprehensively promote the high-quality development of natural resources and the construction of the rule of law. Here, I hope that all news media can do a good job in publicity and reporting, deeply interpret the significance and key contents of the Measures for Implementation, effectively enhance the awareness and influence of the Measures for Implementation, vigorously create a good atmosphere for the whole society to care for and support the implementation of the Measures, and jointly promote the implementation of the Measures to achieve better results!

　　That’s all for this press conference. Thank you! Thank you, journalists and friends! Later, we will also hold a press conference on "Measures for the Administration of Waterway Transportation in Henan Province" here, so please continue to pay attention.

Cctv newsOn April 19th, "News Network" reported that the agricultural and rural economy made a steady start in the first quarter, the foreign trade made a steady start in the first quarter, and emerging markets remained dynamic … … With the intensive release of positive signals, China’s high-quality economic development has a long way to go.

　　The agriculture and rural economy started steadily in the first quarter.

　　The State Council Press Office held a press conference on April 19th. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that since the beginning of this year, China’s agricultural and rural economy has maintained a good momentum of development.

　　This year, the intended planting area of grain reached more than 1.78 billion mu, an increase over the previous year. Effectively deal with the freezing rain and snow and cold wave weather last winter and this spring, and strengthen technical guidance services. Winter wheat grows better than last year and all the year round, and the foundation for a bumper harvest of grain and oil production in summer is gradually laid down, and spring ploughing production is vigorously and orderly promoted. The supply of "vegetable basket" products is abundant, the production capacity of pigs is adjusted and optimized, the production of meat, eggs and milk is increased in an all-round way, and the supply of vegetables and fruits is stable.

　　Rural industries have a good momentum of development. In the first quarter, the added value of agricultural and sideline food processing industries above designated size increased by 3.3% year-on-year. Rural leisure tourism continues to heat up, and e-commerce of agricultural products grows rapidly. The per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 6,596 yuan, 2.4 percentage points higher than that of urban residents.

　　Rural construction and governance have been solidly promoted. By the end of March, the county-level rural construction project library had accumulated 614,000 projects and implemented project funds of 250.74 billion yuan.

　　Multi-measures to promote sustained recovery of consumption and promote high-level opening up.

　　At the press conference held by the State Council Information Office on April 19th, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce said that in the first quarter, foreign trade made a steady start, emerging markets maintained vitality, and developed markets recovered. A survey of key foreign trade enterprises by the Ministry of Commerce shows that enterprises reflecting employment growth accounted for 1-mdash in March; In February, it rose by 1.7 percentage points to 88.8%, and the confidence expectation of enterprises was further enhanced.

　　Foreign investment maintained steady development. In the first quarter, non-financial foreign direct investment was 242.92 billion yuan, up by 12.5%, among which investment in ASEAN and EU grew rapidly, with growth rates of 36.7% and 34.5% respectively.

　　In the next step, the Ministry of Commerce will focus on promoting the continuous expansion of consumption, launch a series of activities around the theme of "Enjoy the benefits of the whole people throughout the year", focus on the cultivation and construction of international consumption center cities and the construction of modern business circulation system, and continue to introduce relevant policies and measures to continuously release consumption potential.

　　Link the world! The cumulative number of overseas buyers attending the Canton Fair has exceeded 120,000.

　　April 19th is the last day of the first phase of the 135th Canton Fair. During the five-day exhibition period, we felt the "attraction" of the Canton Fair, as well as the "centripetal force" of linking the world with new products and technologies.

　　As of April 18, the cumulative number of overseas buyers attending the meeting offline has exceeded 120,000, an increase of 22.7% over the same period of last year. They come from 212 countries and regions around the world. Not only the number of people has increased, but also the sources are all over the world. The top countries include India, the United States, Nigeria, Indonesia and Malaysia.

The quantity of spring ploughing agricultural materials is generally sufficient and the quality is guaranteed.

On April 19, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that the consumption of spring ploughing fertilizers, pesticides and seeds accounted for about half of the annual consumption. Judging from the current situation, the number of seeds, pesticides and fertilizers ploughed in spring this year is generally sufficient.

At present, the rate of fertilizer in place at the provincial and county levels has reached 95% and 90% respectively. The quality of agricultural materials is guaranteed and the prices are relatively stable. The prices of most varieties have declined, but they are still at a historical high level. Generally speaking, the supply of agricultural materials is timely, which can meet the needs of spring ploughing production.

　　Water supply will be completed in 2026! The progress of this major water conservancy project benefiting 14 million people is updated.

　　On April 19th, the largest single project of the second phase of the project of diverting water from Han to Wei — — The pylon of Weihe River Pipe Bridge is about to be completely capped, laying a foundation for ensuring that the second phase of the project of diverting water from Han to Wei River will be completed in 2026.

　　The project of diverting water from Han River to Wei River connects the two major water systems of Han River and Wei River, which is one of the 172 major water conservancy projects planned by the country in the 13th Five-Year Plan.

　　The second phase water transmission and distribution project of diverting water from Han to Wei is an important part of the project, which consists of Huangchigou water distribution hub, south trunk line project and north trunk line project, with a total length of 190 kilometers. It undertakes the key task of transporting Hanjiang River water to 21 targets in four key cities, including Xi ‘an, Xianyang, Weinan and Yangling, 11 county-level cities, 1 industrial park and 5 new cities in Xixian New Area on both sides of Weihe River, which is very important for bringing into play the overall benefits of the project.

　　After the completion of the second phase of the project, 1.5 billion cubic meters of water can be transferred from the Han River every year, and a "north-south allocation" water channel has been added to the main skeleton center of the national water network, which plays an important role in realizing the spatial balance of water resources allocation in China and ensuring the high-quality development of economy and society.

In addition, the second phase of the project of diverting water from Han to Wei covers more than 14 million people, which ensures the water supply safety in Xi ‘an, Xianyang, Yangling and Weinan in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, and will also greatly solve the contradiction of more water resources in the south and less water resources in the north and provide support for high-quality economic and social development.

　　In 2023, frequent extreme weather and climate events once again left a deep impression on people. In China, sandstorms in the northwest, droughts in the southwest, extreme rainstorms in North China and typhoons in South China have all brought rare disasters in recent years. On a global scale, forest fires in Canada, alternating droughts and floods in the United States and India, high temperatures in Europe, and heavy casualties caused by hurricanes in the Mediterranean have also caused shocking consequences.

　　Reality warns people that the negative consequences of climate change are increasing with the rising temperature. At the end of November this year, world leaders will gather in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, to attend the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28). People hope that this meeting will achieve more results and create more favorable conditions for the global response to climate change. We should not only pay attention to the set ultimate goal, but also find feasible paths and effective ways to promote it.

　　On December 12, 2015, in order to cope with the increasingly serious climate change problem, nearly 200 parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change unanimously agreed to adopt TheParis Agreement at the Paris Climate Change Conference to make arrangements for global action to deal with climate change after 2020. At this year’s COP28 conference, all parties will conduct the first global inventory since the Paris Agreement.

　　On September 8th, the report on the inventory results released by the United Nations showed the progress made since the Paris Summit in 2015, and pointed out that compared with the prediction made in 2010 that the global temperature would rise by 3.7-4.8 degrees Celsius by the end of this century, the predicted temperature rise is now 2.4-2.6 degrees Celsius, but it still far exceeds the goal of controlling the temperature at 2 degrees Celsius and trying to control it within 1.5 degrees Celsius.

　　At the same time, the report clearly pointed out that all parties need to respond to climate change in an all-round way with higher ambition and a stronger sense of urgency. At present, global greenhouse gas emissions are still increasing, and to achieve the above goals, global greenhouse gas emissions need to be reduced by 43% compared with 2019 levels by 2030 and 60% by 2035.

　　On the occasion of the upcoming global climate conference, The Paper’s Critical Point combed the climate commitment actions of some major countries in the world. In response to climate change, our window of time and opportunity is shrinking rapidly.

　　United States of America

　　It has been six months since the United States resumed its contribution to the United Nations Green Climate Fund (GCF) and allocated a new $1 billion. Rich countries, including the United States, have not yet fulfilled their climate funding commitments, and developing countries are facing the fact that the speed at which funds are put in place is far behind the increasingly severe extreme weather and climate events.

　　According to British media reports, on October 21 this year, the negotiations on implementing the "loss and damage fund" first proposed at last year’s UN Climate Conference to help countries with fragile climate rebuild their homes reached an impasse. The United States and the European Union proposed that the World Bank should host the fund. However, questa, Chairman of the Group of 77, believes that the effectiveness of the World Bank’s decision-making is difficult to cope with the climate crisis. In addition, if the fund must operate within the legal structure of the World Bank, the wider sources of funds may be limited.

　　Not only is the operation of funds stagnant, but the amount of funds raised at present is still insufficient for the reconstruction of countries with fragile climate. According to American media reports on October 6, at the donor conference held in Bonn, Germany, developed countries promised to provide 9.3 billion US dollars to supplement green climate funds. However, NGOs believe that these funds are not enough to help countries with fragile climate to cope with climate change. It is worth noting that the United States is one of the few developed countries that have not provided new funds.

　　Nine years ago, the United States promised to provide $3 billion to the Green Climate Fund, but so far it has only injected $2 billion. Of the $11.4 billion pledged by US President Biden to developing countries, the country’s Congress only approved $1 billion. In fact, as early as the 15th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP15) held in Copenhagen in 2009, the United States and other rich countries promised to raise 100 billion dollars annually for climate action in developing countries by 2020. This goal was reaffirmed at COP21 in Paris and extended to 2025. According to reports, the current funding gap is as high as $17 billion per year.

　　Fossil fuel subsidies are still soaring, despite the delays in climate finance in rich countries. According to the global regulatory organization Energy Policy Tracker, the public funds flowing to fossil fuels in G20 countries will reach a record $1.4 trillion, more than double the amount before the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019.

　　Restricted by domestic social contradictions and inflation, it is difficult to cancel fossil fuel subsidies in the United States. In the United States, the Supreme Court, which has been dominated by the Republican Party for a long time, keeps opening the floodgates of money politics for the wealthy class. The accumulated polarization between the rich and the poor has laid the groundwork for the social phenomenon that high oil prices are often accompanied by a decline in the support rate of presidential polls. On the other hand, unlike other countries, subsidies in the United States are mainly tax relief for fossil fuel companies, that is, by providing credit and expense deduction to energy producers to reduce production costs.

　　Saudi Arabia

　　Under the pressure of decarbonization, Saudi Arabia, the world’s largest crude oil exporter, launched a comprehensive action to deal with climate change and reduce carbon emissions in 2021 to reduce domestic carbon emissions, including achieving "net zero" greenhouse gas emissions by 2060, planting 50 billion trees in the Middle East in the next few decades, and launching a $10.4 billion clean energy project for the region.

　　However, according to the Financial Times reported on July 23rd, several countries, led by Saudi Arabia, tried their best to stop G20′ s call to reduce the use of fossil fuels. At the same time, Reuters reported that Saudi Arabia and other countries opposed G20′ s proposal to triple renewable energy production capacity by 2030. Saudi Aramco announced in 2021 that it plans to increase crude oil production from 12 million barrels per day to 13 million barrels per day by 2027. According to Agence France-Presse, the total profit announced by Saudi Aramco in 2022 reached a record $161.1 billion.

　　Reduce the burning of fossil fuels at home, so that Saudi Arabia can free up more oil to sell abroad. In this regard, Saudi Arabia attempts to explain the rationality of this contradiction by implementing the "circular carbon economy" plan, which envisages continuing to exploit fossil fuels and adopting new technologies to capture, store or sell carbon emissions. At the same time, according to media reports, Saudi Arabia and other traditional fossil energy countries believe that it is unrealistic to tighten the "faucet" of fossil fuels immediately, and hydrocarbons such as oil, natural gas and coal will continue to become an important part of the global energy structure in the next few decades.

　　Saudi Arabia regards tackling climate change as a long challenge, but the International Energy Agency (IEA) released a report in May 2021, saying that if the world wants to achieve zero carbon emissions by 2050, governments and enterprises of all countries must immediately stop investing in new oil and gas projects. The unresolved issue is also the "carbon capture" technology promoted by Saudi Arabia — — The effectiveness of this technology has not been proved, and the cost of applying it to large-scale mining is too high.

　　"It is believed that the economy based on the exploitation and combustion of fossil fuels can be ‘ Loop ’ The idea is absurd, and the only way it works is to rely on technologies that don’t exist yet. " Matthew Archer, a researcher at the Geneva Institute, said in an interview with the media, "These measures … are full of ambitious and ambiguous language, with few specific plans and no accountability mechanism."

　　Japan

　　Coincidentally, Japan’s climate solution is also questioned. According to local media reports, on September 29th, Japan hosted the 3rd International Fuel Ammonia Conference, which focused on the theme of decarbonization of supply chain and shipping industry. This meeting is a sign of Japan’s commitment to a climate solution, but some experts believe that the solution may not meet the world timetable that urgently needs to reduce carbon emissions.

　　Consistent with all countries, Japan urgently needs to decarbonize the energy sector. At present, Japan plans to reduce the energy share of coal to 19% by 2030. At the meeting, the government and major industries described the vision of using ammonia (a gas composed of nitrogen and hydrogen) on a large scale in the foreseeable future, that is, reducing carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants by replacing fossil fuels with ammonia. Because ammonia combustion will not emit carbon dioxide, and the co-combustion equipment of existing coal-fired power plants in Japan does not need major transformation.

　　From a technical point of view, it seems feasible to burn ammonia to generate electricity. "Japan Times" reported on October 22nd that JERA, Japan’s largest power company, is testing the 20:80 ammonia-coal co-combustion ratio at Binan Thermal Power Station in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It is reported that JERA’s goal is to gradually increase the proportion of ammonia-coal mixed combustion and realize 100% ammonia combustion by 2050.

　　However, with the government and enterprises eager to establish an ammonia fuel supply chain on a global scale, experts began to question the feasibility of ammonia as a decarbonization solution in Japan. Although ammonia will not emit carbon dioxide when it is fully burned, fossil fuel is an essential raw material for ammonia production.

　　In this regard, many Japanese power companies, including Mitsui & Co., Ltd., are exploring a new mode of ammonia production, that is, using fossil fuels to produce ammonia, and at the same time capturing 80%-90% of carbon emissions through CCS technology. Considering the high price and poor performance of CCS technology at present, some ongoing ammonia synthesis projects focus on developing technologies to produce ammonia through renewable energy. However, Motoichi Kato, deputy secretary-general of Japan Clean Fuel Ammonia Association (CFAA), told the media that all ammonia imported from Japan is still produced by traditional production methods, and the new ammonia production technology has not yet covered the whole world.

　　In addition to concerns about carbon emissions caused by ammonia production procedures, experts also said that producing such a large amount of ammonia may pollute the air and water quality. According to the Japan Times, Japan is expected to need 3 million tons of ammonia by 2030 and 30 million tons by 2050. Climate Integrate, an independent climate policy think tank in Japan, warned that fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere to produce ammonia may further disrupt the balance of the global nitrogen cycle. In addition, the increase of nitrogen will lead to eutrophication of marine ecosystem, as well as air pollution and groundwater pollution.

　　South Korea

　　Compared with the above countries, South Korea has not performed well in dealing with climate change in recent years. According to the report updated by Climate Action Tracker on July 17, 2023, the overall rating of South Korea’s actions to deal with climate change is classified as "seriously inadequate". Furthermore, South Korea’s climate policy and energy sector planning still lack the necessary speed and rigor, and can not embark on the road that conforms to the temperature limit of 1.5°C in the Paris Agreement.

　　After the change of government in South Korea in 2022, the country’s climate policy changed, deviating from the 100% renewable energy target previously set by the government. The new president Yin Xiyue publicly stated that the target was "too expensive". According to media reports, on March 21st this year, South Korea announced that it would lower the greenhouse gas emission target of the industrial sector in 2030. According to the plan, the Korean industrial sector is required to reduce carbon emissions by 11.4% compared with 2018 levels by 2030, while the emission reduction target set by the end of 2021 is 14.5%.

　　According to the plan, the carbon emission gap caused by the adjustment will be made up by increasing emission reduction overseas and replacing traditional energy with more renewable energy. However, given that South Korea has reneged on its climate commitments, the way to make up for the plan is still in doubt. According to the Climate Action Tracking Agency, in April 2021, South Korea announced at the leaders’ climate summit hosted by the United States that it would immediately stop providing financing for overseas coal projects. Just one month later, it announced the exception of renovation and approval of related projects.

　　On the other hand, Yin Xiyue decided to revive the nuclear power plan, overturning the previous president’s reform of phasing out nuclear power. It is reported that the Korean government promulgated the tenth power plan in January 2023, aiming at using nuclear energy to realize national decarbonization. Contrary to the original goal of limiting the proportion of nuclear energy to 30% by 2030, the latest goal is to increase the proportion of nuclear energy use to 34.6%.

　　In January 2012, South Korea promulgated the Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard (RPS). According to the International Energy Agency, the plan aims to expand the use of renewable energy and make it a promising market competitor. To this end, the 13 largest Korean power companies are required to increase the use of renewable energy to 14.5% and 17% in 2023 and 2024 respectively, and to reach 25% after 2026. However, according to Yonhap News Agency’s report on January 13th, 2023, the South Korean government lowered the RPS target for this year and next to 13% and 13.5% respectively, and the final goal was postponed until after 2030.

　　Canada

　　Countries that have failed to say what they must do in climate action include Canada. According to the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), since 1990, the country has formulated nine climate plans, but failed to achieve the goals.

　　Even though Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau released a comprehensive emission reduction plan for 2030 on March 29th, 2022, listing a series of actions that the country will take to reduce climate pollution to 40% to 45% lower than the 2005 level by the end of this century, the plan still has many defects.

　　For example, the plan does not provide enough funds to help automobile suppliers increase the sales of electric vehicles according to the government’s goals. Secondly, there are criticisms that the goal is to reduce the climate pollution of the energy industry without limiting production, which will require fossil fuel companies to make great improvements in carbon capture technology.

　　In addition, a report on April 24th said that a recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showed that the Canadian government and enterprises seriously underestimated the current domestic carbon emissions.

　　Britain

　　Backward climate action may also affect the activity of other countries in the field of climate governance. According to media reports on September 20th, British Prime Minister Sunak may dilute Britain’s plan to deal with climate change, including postponing the ban on the sale of new gasoline and diesel vehicles originally scheduled to take effect in 2030, greatly weakening the plan to phase out gas boilers by 2035, and not updating the energy efficiency regulations for housing construction.

　　Sunak said that he is still committed to the legally binding goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2050. At the same time, he also said that Britain can slow down its progress in achieving this goal because Britain is "far ahead of all other countries in the world." However, considering the national election in 2024, Reuters in the United Kingdom believes that Sunak leaked the news of reducing the green policy in order to gain the support of voters who are troubled by high inflation and stagnant economic growth.

　　Britain is the first country to set a legally binding "net zero" goal in 2050. Since 1990, with the closure of coal-fired power plants and the rise of offshore wind power, the country’s carbon emissions have dropped by nearly 50%. However, according to media reports on September 21st, the British government’s independent climate adviser said that Britain still has some shortcomings in achieving its climate goals, and diluting its plan to deal with climate change may further weaken its ability to fulfill its legal commitments.

　　Since China’s accession to the WTO (hereinafter referred to as WTO), China has fully fulfilled its commitment to tariff concessions, scientifically and finely adjusted the tariff rate, tax items and special preferential tax policies within the scope of WTO rules, effectively exerted the macro-control function of tariffs, and gradually established a relatively complete tariff system that adapts to the domestic and international economic development trends.

　　(oneThe tariff policy system is improving day by day. First, the tariff level has been greatly reduced. from1992Since the end of the year, China has started a substantial process of independent tax reduction.2001Before China’s entry into WTO in, the general tariff level was changed from43.2%Drop to15.3%, a drop of up to65%.2001Since, China has reduced import tariffs year by year in accordance with its WTO commitments, up to2010In, the commitment of tax reduction after China’s entry into WTO has been fully fulfilled, and the overall tariff level has changed from that before China’s entry into WTO.15.3%Further reduce to9.8%, a drop of up to36%. Among them, the average tax rate of agricultural products is from pre-WTO18.8%Drop to15.2%The average tax rate of industrial products is from before China’s entry into WTO14.7%Drop to8.9%. Compared with the tariff rates promised by member countries to the WTO, China’s overall tariff level is higher than that of the EU (5.3%), the United States (3.5%) and other major developed countries, but significantly lower than India (48.5%), Indonesia (37.1%), Mexico (36.1%) Brazil (31.4%), Argentina (31.9%) and South Africa (19%) and most other developing countries, less than the average tariff rate of countries around the world (40%) of1/4. Among them,15.2%The average tax rate of agricultural products is not only lower than that of most developing countries, but also significantly lower than that of Norway (130.9%), Switzerland (48%) and Japan (22.2%) and other developed countries, about the average tax rate of agricultural products in the world (57.6%) of1/4;8.9%The average tax rate of industrial products is lower than that of most developing countries and less than the average tax rate of industrial products in the world (thirty percent) of1/3. Compared with the actual level of tariff burden, China is even lower. According to WTO statistics,2009The ratio of China’s tariff revenue to total imports in was only1.8%, not only lower than most developing countries such as India, Argentina and Egypt, but also lower than developed countries such as Australia and New Zealand, and similar to developed countries such as Japan and the United States.

　　The second isThe tariff items are further refined.1992In, China began to set up tariff items based on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System of the World Customs Organization. According to the international practice, the tariff items were set aseightBit encoding, and respectively in the1996Years,2002Nianhe2007In, the Harmonized System with the World Customs Organization was revised synchronously, and the pace of revision was consistent with that of developed countries and faster than that of most developing countries. At the same time, according to the needs of customs supervision and the rapid development of science and technology, some products, new technology products and commodities subject to import and export management measures unique to China have been added.eight hundredMultiple national subheadings,eightNumber of tax items by2001Annual7111Gradually increase2011Annual7977A.

　　The third isThe tariff structure has been continuously optimized. In recent years, while the overall level of tariffs has gradually declined, the structure of China’s tariff rate has been continuously optimized. The import tariffs on primary products such as energy, resources and raw materials have been greatly reduced, and the import tariffs on intermediate products such as some key parts and important mechanical and electrical equipment have been selectively reduced. Take gasoline and diesel oil as an example, the import tariff has changed from before China’s entry into WTO.1996Annual9%Down to the current implementation1%and0%. At present, the tax rate of imported energy and resource products in China generally does not exceed5%Among them, key commodities such as crude oil, coal and iron ore have been subject to zero tariffs. The import tariffs on consumer goods have been greatly reduced. Such as automobile import tariffs by1996Annual100%-120%Fall to the present25%, the decline is nearly80%In the past ten years, the tax reduction process of developed countries has been completed for 50 or 60 years, while the automobile tariffs of India and Brazil, both BRICS countries, are as high as.57%and35%. At present, China’s tariff rate on imported cosmetics, clothing, bags, shoes, hats, watches and other consumer goods is at a medium-low level internationally. Louis Vuitton made in France (LV) handbags, for example, China’s import tariffs are10%South Korea and India are respectively8%and10%, the United States and Japan are9%and12%The tariffs imposed by Brazil and South Africa arethirty percent. After more than ten years of adjustment, the average tax rates of primary products, intermediate products and finished products in China are about5.9%、6.7%and10.6%, and1996Three kinds of products in9.7%、16%and26.2%Compared with the tax rate, not only the tax rate is greatly reduced, but also the structure is obviously improved, which basically realizes the transformation from "high level and narrow tax base" to "low level and wide tax base" and forms a more reasonable tax rate structure.

　　(2) The role of tariff control has been effectively exerted. First, adjust the provisional import tax rate and optimize the structure of imported goods. In recent years, China has made centralized adjustments to import tariffs every year in the form of provisional tax rates, focusing on reducing the import tax rates of important energy resources products, agricultural means of production, basic industrial raw materials, advanced technical equipment and key parts, and some commodities closely related to people’s daily lives, and expanding the scope of commodities involved year by year.2011At the beginning of the year660A number of commodities are subject to provisional import tax rates, and the average tax rate is lower than5%Compared with the most-favored-nation tax rate, the preferential margin reaches50%Above. Since then, according to the changes in macroeconomic operation, since2011yearsevenmoononeSince June, it has further reduced some energy raw materials such as refined oil, non-ferrous metal raw materials and textile raw materials, as well as some disaster relief items and daily commodities.33The import tariff of a commodity, the preferential margin reached.50%. The implementation of the provisional import tax rate has effectively promoted the import of related commodities and the development of upstream and downstream industries, and played an important role in meeting the needs of economic and social development. On the one hand, the import of energy, resources, raw materials and other primary products located in the upstream of the industrial chain has continued to grow rapidly, and its proportion has been continuously improved, which has strongly supported domestic industrial production and economic construction; On the other hand, the imports of consumer goods located in the lower reaches of the industrial chain have also maintained steady growth, which has played a positive role in enriching domestic market supply and promoting domestic consumption growth. According to the statistics of customs trade,2011In, China imported primary products and consumer goods respectively.6043.8Billion dollars and1059.1Billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase.39.3%and34.5%, both higher than24.9%The overall increase of imports, accounting for the total import34.7%and6.1%The proportion has increased year on year.3.7and0.5Percentage points.

　　The second isConstantly enrich tax collection methods and effectively play the role of tariff leverage. The method of taxation is becoming more and more complete. At present, in addition to ad valorem tax, China also applies sliding duties to imported cotton beyond quota, selective tax to imported natural rubber, compound tax to imported electronic video recording equipment, specific tax to imported photosensitive materials and seasonal tax to exported chemical fertilizers. Different tax methods are adopted according to the characteristics of different commodities, which not only fully considers the interests of many parties, takes care of the relationship between upstream and downstream industries, but also comprehensively balances the relationship between supply and demand, and has received good regulatory effects. At the same time, the leverage of tariffs is effectively exerted. In recent years, according to the changes in the international and domestic economic situation and other regulatory measures introduced by the state, we have effectively responded by adjusting import and export tariffs in a timely manner.2007The price of raw materials in the international market rose in,2008The price of grain products in domestic and foreign markets rose in,2009Foreign trade fell sharply in,2010International commodity prices rose in,2011The complicated situation, such as excessive annual price increase, has effectively ensured that the domestic market supply and the overall price level are basically stable.

　　The third isImplement special preferential tariff policies to promote scientific development. In recent years, by formulating preferential tax policies on tariffs and import links, we have vigorously supported industrial transformation and upgrading and independent innovation of enterprises, effectively cooperating with the implementation of national development plans such as ten key industries, strategic emerging industries and major scientific and technological projects. At the same time, the orientation of tariff policy is further tilted towards public utilities such as science, education, health, culture and public welfare, supporting the improvement of people’s livelihood. such as2008The preferential tax policy for import of major technical equipment, implemented since, exempts key parts and raw materials imported by domestic enterprises for R&D and production of major technical equipment from customs duties and import value-added tax, and cancels the corresponding tax-free policy for import of complete machines and complete sets of equipment. With the support of this policy, domestic200A number of equipment manufacturing enterprises have developed a number of products with independent intellectual property rights and core technologies by introducing technology to digest, absorb and innovate, and achieved leap-forward development.

　　The next step is to strengthen the preliminary thinking of tariff system construction: First, pay more attention to the scientific and planning adjustment of tariff rate and tax items, and change from reactive and temporary adjustment to active and forward-looking adjustment, forming an efficient, scientific and strict policy adjustment mechanism. Second, pay more attention to the construction of tariff policy system, further strengthen and improve the role of tariff leverage, and change from studying and introducing individual policies to strengthening policy coordination and policy convergence, so that tariff policies and other regulatory measures can form a joint force and enhance the regulatory effect. Third, pay more attention to the performance evaluation of tariff policy, from paying attention to policy design to paying attention to the evaluation of policy implementation effect, optimize the evaluation model and improve the evaluation method. In addition, the Ministry of Finance will actively and steadily promote various multilateral and bilateral tariff negotiations in accordance with the principle of mutual benefit and win-win, and change from designing a single negotiation plan to making a master plan and formulating a standardized negotiation plan.

Q: Network signal is a concern of users. What kind of planning does Bozhou Unicom have in network construction?

A: Network signals are indeed a concern of users, and China Unicom is constantly strengthening network construction. In 2021, we will further improve the key coverage of 5G networks in urban areas, counties, towns and industrial parks, and plan to build 598 5G base stations. By August 18th, 300 5G base stations had been opened, with a cumulative opening of 699, with an opening progress of 50.17%. It is planned to complete 70% of the 5G base station opening task by the end of August and 100% by the end of October. It is planned to jointly build and share 4G in Guoyang County with Bozhou Telecom in August. After sharing, there will be more than 500 4G base stations in Guoyang County, and both base stations will increase by 40%, forming a common and complete 4G network. By then, network coverage and user perception will be greatly improved.

Q: Is there any discount for Unicom to buy mobile phones now? Please give us a detailed introduction.

A: Now we have optimized the prepaid phone bill to send to the mobile phone. You don’t need to pre-store a large phone bill at one time, just ensure the daily package consumption, and you can enjoy the mobile phone direct drop or 0 yuan purchase activity after more than two years online; For example, if your family accesses the Internet and handles an ice cream package with a price of 159 yuan, as long as you promise to stay online for more than two years, you can get a 5G mobile phone with a price of about 2,300 yuan. Moreover, this package includes 40G national traffic and 700 minutes of national calls, and it can be shared by five people in the whole family. Each person only needs 32 yuan and a 500M-meter broadband, so it can be handled without any additional expenses, which is more cost-effective than pre-storing phone bills to send mobile phones.

Q: Now some friends around me have upgraded the 5G package. How to solve the 5G package if the traffic exceeds?

A: If the traffic is not enough, you can supplement the extra traffic by superimposing traffic packets. For example, you can order a 5G upgrade packet or a monthly traffic packet. The monthly traffic packet will increase according to your online time, and the longer the number is used, the more traffic; If another 5G upgrade package is ordered for one year, you can order popular video members such as iQiyi, Tencent, Youku and Mango tv for only 2.99 yuan per month, which can meet the traffic usage and enjoy more rights and interests. It is very cost-effective.

Q: Recently, I saw that Unicom can handle Gigabit broadband through activities and publicity in various communities. Can users who have already installed broadband directly upgrade?

A: At present, Bozhou Unicom has opened 10 Gigabit broadband communities in the city. You can enjoy Gigabit network speed as long as you apply for an ice cream package of 199 yuan or more. If you are already an ice cream user of Unicom and are using Unicom broadband, you can upgrade to Gigabit network speed directly as long as you go to the business hall to speed up. In order to facilitate the old broadband users, there are preferential activities for speeding up. Old users with a price of 199 yuan or more can speed up their broadband to 1,000 m per month with 1 yuan money, and packages with a price of 129 yuan or more and a price of 199 yuan or less can speed up to 1,000 m per month with 10 yuan. Users who are not ice cream users and speed up during the preferential period can upgrade their original light cats to gigabit light cats for free. For specific speed-up consultation and handling, please contact the surrounding Unicom business offices or consult community promoters.

Q: Recently, some users have consulted the column group and have been using Unicom numbers. What should I do if I want to install broadband?

Answer: You can inquire directly in the nearest business hall. If broadband service is included in your package, you can make an appointment to install it directly. If there is no broadband service, you can change it to a converged package with broadband and get a free broadband. Moreover, at present, for the old users of China Unicom to install broadband, we also give an extra 100 yuan electronic coupon without threshold, which can be used for shopping in Tmall and other shopping malls, which is equivalent to giving 100 yuan money directly. The activity time is limited. If you want to install broadband, you can apply to the nearest business hall as soon as possible, and we will arrange engineers to install it for you as soon as possible.

Q: Last time I heard a friend say that using Unicom broadband sometimes leads to traffic jams. What is the reason? Can you upgrade the network speed?

A: In this case, it is not ruled out that the long-term use of broadband, aging network cable, outdated routing equipment and other reasons may affect the broadband network speed to some extent. Recently, our company is also actively organizing network engineers to carry out public welfare on-site free testing activities in various communities. If it is convenient for your friends, you can also go directly to the nearest business hall or contact the account manager to make an appointment. We will arrange for Zhijia engineers to conduct on-site free testing and provide network solutions. We will comprehensively analyze the home network according to the user’s equipment, package and network environment, and then speed up broadband, replace gigabit routers and network cables according to actual needs, which will completely solve the user’s network problems.

Q: Now you need to open a member to watch videos and use some apps. Is there a package for sending members to Unicom numbers?

A: Yes, if you apply for or change the 5G Instant Ice Cream Package now, you will be given 5GPLUS Gold Edition members for free. You can claim one of the popular app members such as Tencent Video, Iqiyi, Youku, Tik Tok, JD.COM, Mango TV, QQ Music, Netease Cloud Music, Himalayan, Hungry and so on for free every month. If it is not enough to get one member every month, PLUS Gold Members can also buy other membership services at ultra-low preferential prices every month. In addition, there are free video color ring tones, AI voice assistants, exclusive network disks, direct drop coupons for mobile phones, etc. Members of 5GPLUS Gold Edition normally want to go to 29 yuan every month, and the annual fee is only 299 yuan, but the 5G refreshing ice cream package is a free gift to members of Gold Edition, so it is very affordable to use this package.

Question:

1. The mobile phone card is broken. Can I get a replacement card if I don’t go to the local business hall in the field now?

A: Yes, at present, China Unicom’s number supports card replacement in different places. You can apply for card replacement with your ID card at your own business hall.

2. I don’t need the number recently and want to stop. What should I do? What is the charge after the newspaper stops?

Answer: If the mobile phone number is temporarily unavailable, you can go to the business hall with your ID card, provide personal information through the APP client of China Unicom or call the customer service hotline 10010, and charge a monthly fee for 5 yuan/downtime after the suspension. However, you need to be reminded that the account must have enough balance. If the number balance is insufficient, the suspension will be turned into arrears, and the account will be automatically cancelled if the arrears are overtime for three months.

3. Usually, you have to go to the business hall to inquire about telephone bills and bills. Can you inquire by other means?

A: You can download the China Unicom APP, which is the original mobile phone business hall. After logging in with your mobile phone number, you can pay fees, inquire about phone bills, bills, redeem points, etc. China Unicom APP often carries out some preferential activities, so I suggest you pay attention to it.

4. What can be done if broadband is installed on the first floor and the second floor and wireless network cannot be used?

Answer: If your broadband is installed on the first floor, it will be slower to use the wireless Internet on the second floor because of the coverage area of the wireless network. I suggest that you install another router on the second floor, and only need to increase the 10 yuan fee every month, so that the Internet speed on the first floor and the second floor can be guaranteed.

5. When you use Unicom broadband, sometimes you get stuck. What is the reason? Can you upgrade the network speed?

A: Thank you very much for using Unicom’s business. In this case, it is not excluded that reasons such as long-term broadband use, aging network cable and outdated routing equipment may affect the broadband network speed to some extent. Recently, our company is also actively organizing network engineers to carry out public welfare on-site free testing activities in various communities. If it is convenient for your friends, you can also go directly to the nearest business hall or contact the account manager to make an appointment. We will arrange for Zhijia engineers to conduct on-site free testing and provide network solutions. We will comprehensively analyze the home network according to the user’s equipment, package and network environment, and then speed up broadband, replace gigabit routers and network cables according to actual needs, which will completely solve the user’s network problems.

6. There are often some telephone calls to sell real estate. Is the information leaked?

A: Thank you very much for reflecting this problem. Unicom strictly implements the Network Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Regulations on the Protection of Personal Information of Telecommunications and Internet Users (Order No.24 of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology) and other industry regulations, as well as the Measures for the Management of Network and Information Security of China Unicom, and does a good job in protecting customer information. Please rest assured that Unicom will not have the problem of customer information disclosure.

In fact, there are many ways to leak information now. If you have consulted the relevant information of selling houses, renting houses and buying decoration products before, there is a risk of number leakage. It is also recommended that you strengthen your awareness of personal information protection and security every day.

All national societies, associations and research societies, associations and youth league committees of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, associations and youth league committees of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, national civil aviation youth league committees, national railway youth league committees, youth league committees of central and state organs, central financial youth league committees, central enterprise youth league committees, taxation youth league committees, universities, enterprise youth league committees and all relevant units:

In order to thoroughly study and implement the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the Central Talent Work Conference, and fully show the spirit of young talents who are determined to be innovative, confident and brave in climbing the peak of science and technology in the great journey of achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, the second China Science and Technology Youth Forum (hereinafter referred to as the "Forum") is scheduled to be launched in the first half of 2024, as an important special activity of the annual meeting of the China Association for Science and Technology. Relevant matters are hereby notified as follows.

I. Guiding ideology

Thoroughly implement the strategy of strengthening the country with talents in the new era, and implement the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress that "the vast number of young people should unswervingly listen to the Party’s words and follow the Party, embrace their dreams and be down-to-earth, dare to think and do good deeds, and be determined to be good young people in the new era with ideals, courage to take responsibility, hardship and willingness to struggle". Implement the important guiding spirit of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary that "young talents are the source of the country’s strategic talent strength", "support young talents to take the lead and play the leading role" and "actively participate in Chinese modernization, strive to be the vanguard and new force in scientific and technological innovation, rural revitalization, green development, social services, defending the country and defending the border, and show the vigor and vitality of youth", and persist in cultivating talents and making suggestions for the party. Build a platform for young talents to exchange views, collide with ideas and share experiences, help young talents to show their elegance and stand out, guide young talents to be "the country’s greatest", and contribute wisdom and strength to promoting the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.

Second, the theme of the forum

Self-reliance and self-improvement, creating a vision of the future, and striving for a strong country in science and technology.

III. Organizer

(1) Organizer

China Association for Science and Technology organizes the Ministry of Personnel, the Communist Youth League Central United Front Work Department.

(2) Organizer

China Association for Science and Technology Training and Talent Service Center China Youth Science and Technology Workers Association

Iv. participants

Scientific and technological talents in all fields and industries who are 40 years old and under (born on or after January 1, 1983), cadres in the system of the Association for Science and Technology, the Communist Youth League organization and the China Young Scientists and Technicians Association.

V. Contents of the Forum

Based on their own fields and industries, participants talked about their actual scientific research experiences, innovative practices, ideological insights or major achievements, struggle stories and touching stories of scientific and technological talents witnessed by them, focusing on the key, difficult and painful issues in scientific and technological innovation. This paper expounds from the aspects of enhancing original innovation ability, improving the overall efficiency of innovation system, strengthening the integration of scientific and technological innovation resources, improving the layout of scientific and technological innovation forces, enhancing the efficiency of scientific and technological input and output, optimizing the scientific and technological talent team, promoting the reform of scientific and technological evaluation system, strengthening international scientific and technological exchanges, optimizing the scientific and technological ecological environment, and strengthening the ethical governance of science and technology, and looks forward to the future development vision of scientific and technological undertakings, so as to deeply implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents, and driving the development strategy of innovation for the country, and promote the realization of high-

VI. Overall arrangement

As an important special activity of the annual meeting of China Association for Science and Technology, the forum is divided into the stages of work collection, special forum, general forum performance and application of achievements. Participants participate in the forum by submitting policy papers and giving live speeches. The specific arrangements are as follows:

(1) Collection of works

The forum collects works through organizing recommendation channels and social open channels. Various departments and directly affiliated units of China Association for Science and Technology, central departments and directly affiliated units of the Communist Youth League, national societies, provincial associations for science and technology, youth league committees at all levels, China Young Science and Technology Workers Association and provincial youth science and technology workers associations, relevant universities, enterprise associations for science and technology, youth league committees and other relevant units recommended channels for the organization of this forum. At the same time, social open channels are set up, and interested young scientific and technological talents can sign up for participation through social open channels.

The works of strategy papers are mainly about strategy, not general academic papers, which can list the frontier trends of science and technology, vivid cases at home and abroad, vivid stories of scientific research and so on. The article should take solving problems as the main purpose, and adhere to problem-oriented, goal-oriented and effect-oriented, generally not exceeding 3000 words. In the process of writing articles, participants can ask experts and leaders of their teams and units for guidance.

(2) Thematic forums

The forum organized experts’ countermeasure papers for primary selection, and selected about 300 excellent articles to enter the special forum. There are four special forums with the themes of "the frontier of world science and technology", "the main battlefield of economy", "the major needs of the country" and "people’s life and health". Young scientific and technological talents who entered the special forum showed their views and made suggestions by means of live speeches, and selected outstanding works of various grades from them, and selected a group of outstanding talents to participate in the performance of the general forum.

(III) General Forum Performance

The performance of the General Forum will be held during the annual meeting of China Association for Science and Technology. Outstanding young talents who stood out from the special forum gave live speeches at the general forum. Relevant academicians and experts, leading talents in science and technology, responsible comrades of relevant ministries and commissions, central enterprises, colleges and universities, and responsible comrades of forum organizers and organizations recommending channels, etc. Through the combination of expert comments and on-site voting, we will produce the best popular star, the best elegant star, the best strategy star, and the new star of science and technology, and give priority publicity. Considering the quantity and quality of the works recommended by the recommendation channels, the units with good organizational results and excellent recommended works shall be commended in an appropriate form.

(D) the use of results

The forum will give full play to the advantages of platform resources and reflect the important theoretical viewpoints and key opinions and suggestions of young scientific and technological talents through the decision-making consultation channels of the Association for Science and Technology; Select a group of outstanding talents to enter the expert team of "Youth Think Tank" of China Association for Science and Technology and the contact database of scientific and technological talents of China Association for Science and Technology, and participate in the construction of think tanks and the national training activities of young scientific and technological talents in the "Pilot Program" of the Party School of China Association for Science and Technology through multiple channels, and recommend them to the authoritative mainstream media to record special programs; According to the actual situation, outstanding talents are recommended to participate in the National Innovation Rushing Award, China Youth Science and Technology Award, China Young Female Scientist Award, China Association for Science and Technology Young Talent Support Project, National Youth Post Expert, Zhong Nanshan Youth Science and Technology Innovation Award and other commendation awards and talent project selection, and outstanding candidates are given priority to be admitted to the Youth Federation at the corresponding level; The excellent strategic papers of the forum will be assembled and published, and recommended to the corresponding scientific journals for publication according to the academic level of the articles.

VII. Job Requirements

First, improve political stance and organize mobilization extensively. All relevant units should take the China Science and Technology Youth Forum as an important measure to implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the spirit of the Central Talent Work Conference, conscientiously do a good job in the publicity and organization of the forum, fully mobilize universities, research institutes, science and technology enterprises, science and technology parks and other units and organizations with intensive young scientific and technological talents, fully mobilize the members of the Youth Science and Technology Association at all levels to organize the "Light of Science and Technology" youth propaganda group to participate in it, and encourage and support outstanding young talents to participate.

The second is to strengthen unity service and improve work skills. All relevant units should regard the China Science and Technology Youth Forum as an important platform for uniting, leading, contacting and serving young scientific and technological talents, and through the forum, form a close cooperation mechanism among all levels of science and technology associations, the Youth League Committee and the Youth Science and Technology Association, closely contact a group of young scientific and technological talents, and enhance the ability and level of talent work.

VIII. Important matters

1. Organize and recommend channel participation methods. Young scientific and technological talents who participate in this forum through the organization recommendation channel should fill in their personal information and organization invitation code through the theme website of China Science and Technology Youth Forum (website: http://qnlt.scimall.org.cn/) before April 30, 2024, upload their strategic papers, submit them to the recommendation organization, and the registration will be successful after passing the examination. The organization invitation code is uniformly set by the organizer for each recommendation channel. Each recommendation channel can contact the superior unit to obtain the organization invitation code, and inform them when inviting outstanding young scientific and technological talents to participate in this forum.

2. Social open channels to participate. Young scientific and technological talents who participate in this forum through social open channels should fill in their personal information and unified invitation code (37B186) through the theme website of China Science and Technology Youth Forum (website: http://qnlt.scimall.org.cn/) before April 30, 2024, and upload their strategic papers. After approval, the registration will be successful.

3. Organize the recommended quantity. Please recommend about 10 policy papers by the National Society, 20 by the Provincial Association for Science and Technology, 10 by the Provincial Youth League Committee, 10 by the Provincial Association of Young Science and Technology Workers, 10 by the relevant universities and enterprises, 5 by the government departments and directly affiliated units of China Association for Science and Technology, and 5 by the central departments and directly affiliated units of the Communist Youth League. Other units recommend the best according to the actual situation.

Policy consultation

Associated person:

China Association for Science and Technology organizes personnel department.

Zhang Haiyan Tang Ye Zhao Yaqin

Tel: 010-62165297 010-62165289 010-68530471?

United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (Secretariat of China Youth Science and Technology Workers Association)

Wei Meng Wang Han?

Tel: 010-85212680?

Registration support

Associated person: Zhang Yi??????

Tel: 010-62165297????????

Attachment: 1. Application Form for the 2nd China Science and Technology Youth Forum. doc

2. The second China Science and Technology Youth Forum policy paper requirements. doc

China Association for Science and Technology General Office Communist Youth League Central Office

March 20, 2024? ? ? ? ? ? ??