Ma Jia is a teacher majoring in mathematics in a university in Beijing. This summer, he enrolled his daughter Ma Lu in a 12-day math extracurricular class. "In her daughter’s words, the most difficult questions in the extracurricular class are also simpler than the simplest ones she usually does at school." However, Ma Jia still insisted on letting her daughter go to this extracurricular class. "The mathematics learned at school is too difficult, so let the children find the confidence to do the problem here."

　　Ma Lu is studying in a good middle school, and the second day of junior high school is about to begin. This school is yearning for many parents because of its "difficult study" and "good grades in the senior high school entrance examination".

　　While attending classes in Ma Lu, in the adjacent classroom, Tao Qian, who just finished "Xiaoshengchu", was also attending math classes. "Many parents told me that math in primary schools is too simple. If I don’t study in the summer vacation, I can’t keep up with school." Tao Qian’s mother told the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network.

　　Same math, different troubles.

　　In fact, the troubles brought by mathematics to Chinese people in these years are by no means just these.

　　A few years ago, at the craziest time of choosing a school in junior high school, Olympiad was the most powerful "weapon" in choosing a school, so that many children were miserable when they learned it.

　　Later, the Olympiad became a "monster" and was banned again and again. Mathematics was also in the voice of reducing the burden and has been reducing the difficulty.

　　What followed was that China students’ scenery in the International Mathematical Olympiad was no longer there, and the champion who had won for many years was lost for four years.

　　Just as people questioned whether the difficulty of mathematics had dropped too much, just after the college entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination this year, there were media reports that the candidates were crying outside the examination room because the questions were too difficult.

　　Is mathematics difficult or easy? Should mathematics be more difficult or easier?

　　Some people say that China’s mathematics education has been swinging in recent years, and this swing seems to be unique to China: when a group of people shout "too easy", we seem to think that mathematics is easy and should be more difficult; When another group of people shouted "It’s too difficult", we seemed to think that mathematics was difficult and were busy reducing the difficulty.

　　On July 12th this year, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Education, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Natural Science Foundation of China jointly issued the "Work Plan on Strengthening Mathematical Science Research" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), calling for strengthening mathematical science research and continuously and stably supporting basic mathematical science.

　　It is mentioned in the Plan that the strength of mathematics often affects the strength of a country, and almost all major discoveries are related to the development and progress of mathematics, which has become an indispensable and important support in the fields of aerospace, national defense security, biomedicine, information, energy, ocean, artificial intelligence, advanced manufacturing and so on.

　　The release of the document has played a decisive role in mathematics teaching, and some essential problems should be discussed more fully: how should mathematics education in primary and secondary schools develop? Can the swing from easy to difficult stop? The reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network recently interviewed many experts in the industry, trying to make a more rational analysis of the current mathematics education in primary and secondary schools.

　　"shallow enough to make people want to cry"

　　Primary school mathematics is caught in the form of operation and visualization.

　　"I always emphasize that primary school mathematics must not be too operational and intuitive, and students should learn to think and recall problems." Liu Jiaxia, dean of the School of Primary Education of Beijing Institute of Education, said.

　　At one time, mathematics education in primary and secondary schools in China was famous for its difficulty. Many people may still remember the classic example: when an American adult is asked what 7×8 is, they will be very embarrassed to answer, "I’ll look for a calculator." And the same question, China grade two or three primary school students will basically blurt out.

　　While people are proud of China’s children’s solid mathematical foundation, they are also thinking about how memorizing the multiplication table of 1999 can really help a child’s mathematical study.

　　Some experts pointed out that mathematics learning should go through romantic period, accurate period and comprehensive period, while primary school learning is in romantic period, so that children can play and go to school.

　　As a result, in many places, primary school mathematics has not only increased the content of practical operation, but also the exams in the lower grades of primary schools have become a "music test". Many years ago, the exercises such as oral arithmetic competition and calculating the standard for 100 days have become rare.

　　"But in fact, this ‘ Play and learn ’ It is a higher realm, and the requirements for teachers are higher. " Liu Jiaxia said that not all grades of study must be ‘ Play and learn ’ , and not all knowledge is suitable for ‘ Play and learn ’ . Especially in the middle and senior grades of primary schools, we should not only operate and be intuitive, but also have reasoning, and some rational methods and training should keep up. "Although it is necessary for middle schools to reflect on refining the law after doing the questions, there will be difficulties in the connection of middle schools if there is no relevant training at all in the primary school stage."

　　Not long ago, there was a post on the Internet that caused a heated discussion. A teacher left homework in the parents’ WeChat group, saying: One of the math homework in the evening is hundreds of millions of grains of rice, so parents can urge their students to finish it and take it to school in food bags the next day. The group of parents immediately exploded. Some said, "If one grain counts, it will take a year." Some said, "Is this a brain teaser?" Others asked, "How can I get to school tomorrow?".

　　Although the case of hundreds of millions of grains of rice is too wonderful, the situation of being too formal and operating for the sake of operation can be seen everywhere in today’s primary school mathematics classroom.

　　Teacher Liu Jiaxia introduced that once she went to a division class in primary school. The example given by the teacher in class is 24÷2, which means that 24 is divided into two parts on average. How to divide it? The teacher led the students to divide the sticks, first one by one, then two by two, and then continue to divide them. "If you are a sophomore, this division is still meaningful, but the real difficulty in this class is the vertical division. This division is completely for the sake of division and operation." Liu Jiaxia said that the teacher should directly present: "two bundles of four", two bundles are two tens, and there are four left, and divide the "two bundles of four" equally. At this time, the children should be led to discuss why they should be divided into high positions first (that is, "bundles"), and then the high positions will be divided into low positions.

　　"Elementary school mathematics is so shallow that people want to cry." A primary school math teacher said that sometimes it is even required to teach students no more than two steps to solve problems.

　　Teacher Liu Jiaxia introduced that primary school students often use the "staring method" to solve problems: there is no need to draw pictures, discuss or question, and the answer is unique. There are only two steps at most, and you can know the answer by staring. "In fact, primary school mathematics should be easier to test, but it is slightly more difficult to learn. The difficulty is not to increase the difficulty of knowledge, but to expand students’ knowledge, to be more reasonable, and to tell the stories behind mathematics knowledge." Liu Jiaxia said, but now there is too much emphasis on operation and intuition, which makes many primary school math classes like teachers coaxing children to play.

　　不过有时候也不仅是老师哄着学生玩，学生也哄着老师玩。

　　“我们在实际教学中还有一个矛盾。”北京某小学的数学牛老师说，学习内容虽然简单，但是对老师的课堂教学过程还要求多样化。“我们经常在课堂上问：孩子们谁还有别的方法？谁还有问题？但这其实低估了孩子的智商，学习内容这么简单还能有多少方法？还能提出多少问题？”牛老师说，久而久之，学生们便配合着老师一起演。

　　老师哄着学生、学生哄着老师，学校里的学习氛围变得轻松了，这种轻松既无法满足聪明孩子的求知欲，同时也无法满足中国家长“不输在起跑线上”的期望，于是“不满足”的家长带着“吃不饱”的孩子进了课外班。

　　初一学初二的课程

　　超前学让中学数学陷入刷题的汪洋大海

　　小学阶段的数学太容易了，浪费了学生的智力。那么，中学呢？

　　有人说在中国最苦的学生就是中学生，因此最应该给中学生减负。

　　Many people feel that it is difficult to learn, so the burden is heavy, so to reduce the burden, we should reduce the difficulty. "There is actually no relationship between burden reduction and difficulty." Professor Zhao Xuezhi from the School of Mathematical Sciences of Capital Normal University said.

　　Today, great changes have taken place in the content of mathematics learning, and at the same time, the methods of mathematics have also changed. This change itself may bring a burden to students. "For example, we used to use derivation to do geometry problems, but now we will use vectors." Zhao Xuezhi said that vector has been debated by math teachers since the day it was introduced. Many people think that the introduction of vector destroys the joy that geometry brings to students when they finally draw a wonderful auxiliary line after trying to break their heads. Others regard the introduction of vectors as evidence that mathematics has reduced the difficulty.

　　"In fact, it is difficult to make a simple summary with difficulty." Zhao Xuezhi said that just like walking the same road, people used to walk, but later they changed to take a bus. Originally, walking and taking a bus would not add extra burden to people. But if you go out for a while and then drive back, then go and drive again, the burden will be heavy.

　　Experts pointed out that these problems encountered in the development of mathematics will disappear with the skilled use of tools and methods. In middle school, what really causes students’ heavy burden of mathematics learning is not the difficulty, but the advance — — That is to say, when teachers and students are not ready, they are in a hurry to catch up with the progress, which often causes teachers not to pay attention to the teaching process, while students are eating raw rice.

　　Ma Lu, who started school in Grade Two, began to learn the content of Grade Two in the next semester of Grade One. Ma Lu said that just because what she learned in school was fast and difficult, she had to "return to the furnace" in the extracurricular class during the summer vacation.

　　Learning ahead of time has become a very common phenomenon in middle school mathematics learning.

　　What knowledge is learned at what age is suitable for students’ cognitive characteristics at this stage. Learning ahead means that what they have learned is beyond students’ cognitive ability. In order to let students master knowledge, teachers usually practice a lot.

　　"Let’s take a simple example to see the relationship between learning ahead and the burden." Professor Zhao Xuezhi said that if we teach at an age consistent with students’ cognitive level, we only need to make it clear that 2 is bigger than 1, and then students can draw countless groups of comparisons by analogy. However, if students learn ahead of time, they can’t understand the relationship between comparisons. In order to let students master this knowledge, teachers will let students remember that 2 is bigger than 1, 3 is bigger than 2, and 4 is bigger than 3 … … "Exhausted and remember, this process is a process of massive practice. Can the burden on students be small?"

　　在这个过程中，数学教学培养的是学生的记忆力，而不是推断力。“数学的学习关键是掌握了原理，然后举一反三，而不在于你记住了哪些具体的知识。”赵学志说。

　　但是，在当前的很多中学，中考和高考分数仍然是教学的主要奋斗目标，在这种前提下老师们不是以更多的精力引导学生进行更多的思考，而是总结题型，追求题型的全覆盖，进而把学生扔进刷题的汪洋大海。学生的思辨能力、推理能力自然无法得到很好的训练。

　　今年高考之后，考生们被“难哭了一片”，很多人不禁怀疑：难道数学的难度又要提高了吗？其实，高考数学科目刚刚结束，教育部考试中心的命题专家就指出，2019年的数学试卷，在难度、区分度上都与前两年相当，只是更加强调考查学生的理性思维能力，综合运用数学思维方法分析问题、解决问题的能力。

　　The proposition expert specifically mentioned the Venus that made the candidates "frightened" and pointed out that this question is not to be difficult for students, but to "explore the beauty of the golden section of the human body and integrate aesthetic education into mathematics education." When the candidates calmed down and looked at this "Venus" again, they finally understood that "Venus" was only a narrative way of the topic, and the real mathematical knowledge had probably been learned in the sixth grade of primary school.

　　The difficulty of the college entrance examination has not increased, but the flexibility has increased, and the students who are tired of brushing the questions are at a loss.

　　Many experts pointed out that there is nothing wrong with the reform direction of mathematics education, and there is nothing wrong with reducing students’ burden. The crux of the problem is that professional things have not been entrusted to professional people.

　　An expert said that people will always mention the difficulty coefficient now, but in fact, the difficulty coefficient is an indicator of post-verification, and it is a monitoring indicator for the education management department to maintain the stability of the exam for a long time. "We don’t need to monitor the difficulty coefficient like monitoring blood sugar at all." Zhao Xuezhi said that the whole society and even ordinary people are concerned about talking about this coefficient, which can only increase anxiety, and it is easy to misread the changes of numbers, which in turn leads to unnecessary misunderstanding of mathematics education.

　　An expert suggested that the reform should be handed over to the education management department and teachers should be liberated from daily affairs, so that the mathematics classroom can return to rationality and mathematics can return to its original appearance. (Reporter Fan Weichen)

　　(At the request of the interviewee, Ma Jia, Ma Lu and Tao Qian are all pseudonyms.)

　　"Cancer is related to thousands of people in Qian Qian, and it is a major pain point for people’s livelihood. I’m here to find out on the spot what ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ Factors? What policy support does the government need to overcome cancer? " On December 12th, Premier Li Keqiang had a "standing talk" with more than 20 oncologists in wuhan union hospital.

　　At an executive meeting in the State Council two months ago, the Prime Minister made a clear request to concentrate superior scientific research forces to carry out special key research on the treatment of difficult and high-incidence cancer. On the morning of December 12th, Li Keqiang came to wuhan union hospital to visit children with leukemia, and had in-depth exchanges with oncologists to overcome cancer and other issues.

　　Nothing can be short of "treatment", and nothing can be short of "life-saving medicine"

　　"Can domestic medicine be bought now? How much is each bottle? " Walking into the ward of the Children’s Hematological Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Li Keqiang asked the families of children with leukemia.

　　Earlier, the Prime Minister gave instructions in response to media reports that "children with leukemia suffered from a shortage of cheap domestic drugs and a bottle of imported drugs exceeded 1,000 yuan", and asked relevant departments to "take care of each other and handle special matters, effectively increase the production and supply of domestic cheap drugs, and effectively solve the problem of ‘ The pain of medication ’ " . During this visit to children with leukemia, he especially learned about this situation from their parents.

　　"Medicine can be bought, and the price is no problem!" The father of a child told the Prime Minister.

　　"Nothing can be short ‘ Treatment ’ You can’t lack anything ‘ Life-saving medicine ’ ！” The Prime Minister said, "Please rest assured that these drugs will be fully guaranteed by the state, not only for short-term emergency, but also for long-term supply. We must never stop taking drugs!"

　　Li Keqiang also inquired about the shortage of other "orphan drugs" from medical staff in detail, and told the heads of health departments to "make a list", improve policies and mechanisms, and effectively ensure the long-term and stable supply of urgent needs such as "orphan drugs".

　　In the "Pediatric Hematology Ward Love School", the Prime Minister specially brought a gift to each of several children with leukemia who were drawing: a magnetic jigsaw puzzle of the world map. "I hope you will treat it well and measure the world with your feet when you grow up." The Prime Minister said.

　　"That’s great! My wish is to be a gourmet and travel all over the world! " A child took the gift and said happily.

　　Another 7-year-old boy offered to take a photo with the Prime Minister’s grandfather. After the Prime Minister readily agreed, the little boy added, "Can I have two photos?"

　　"Must give, one person two! If you can’t get it, write to grandpa. " The Prime Minister immediately promised, "I want to ask, why do you want two?"

　　"I can’t tell you, it’s a secret!" The little boy’s answer made everyone present laugh.

　　What policies the health sector needs, the state must fully support it.

　　After leaving this loving school, Li Keqiang went to the doctor’s office and inquired about the latest research and clinical progress in overcoming cancer. The two experts introduced their respective methods of vesicular therapy and CAR-T cell therapy for tumors. Li Keqiang said, "I feel very happy and gratified! Some developed countries proposed to overcome the pathogenesis of cancer decades ago, and now our country’s research and treatment technology to overcome cancer has also reached a new level. "

　　"What else is there to conquer cancer ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ Factors that need national key support? " Li Keqiang asked. An expert said that the current problems are: first, insufficient clinical funds; second, imperfect quality control standards for cell therapy; third, slow drug approval and long transformation time.

　　"The issue of drug approval should be accelerated, but it is necessary to ensure the absolute safety of drugs!" The Prime Minister said.

　　He asked the person in charge of the accompanying health department to fully listen to the opinions of doctors and patients and come up with a targeted report as soon as possible: "Let’s work together to strive for an important step in the pathological research and treatment of cancer at an early date and save more lives. What policies the health department needs, the state must fully support it! "

　　"You said before that we have been in ‘ Heaven ’ 、‘ Going to sea ’ We have made good progress in major scientific research projects, and we will strive to overcome medical life problems that affect people’s health in the future. This is very encouraging! " An oncologist said to the Prime Minister.

　　"Cancer is a major pain in people’s livelihood." Li Keqiang said, "Life science, including cancer, is as important as cosmic science and marine science. You are studying and exploring at the forefront of life medicine, which is related to the health of thousands of people in Qian Qian and has a great responsibility! "

　　Before leaving, Li Keqiang once again asked the experts what policy suggestions they had. A leukemia expert asked whether the current leukemia medical insurance policy for poor children in rural areas can benefit all leukemia children in view of the good treatment effect of childhood leukemia.

　　The Prime Minister immediately asked the person in charge of the health department to "pay close attention to research". He said that at present, China has achieved full coverage of major illness insurance, so that more patients can reduce their burdens. Cancer is an important part of major diseases. It is necessary to gather superior scientific research forces to focus on tackling cancer difficulties and let more patients and their families get out of the shadow of the disease as soon as possible!

　　Nowadays, independent brand manufacturers are striving to improve their brand image and product strength. From some models with good reputation and sales in recent years, we can see that the gap between domestic cars and joint venture cars is gradually narrowing, especially in the hot market of SUV, some domestic products have impressed us deeply. Today, we have brought you four representative domestic SUVs of about 100,000 yuan.

　　Guide price: 97,900-153,900 yuan

　　Highlights of the model: completely positive research and development, Chery flagship SUV

　　Chery Tiggo 7 is a heavyweight model launched by Chery in 2016. As the flagship of the Tiggo family, Chery has made great efforts on it. Different from Tiggo 3 and Tiggo 5, Tiggo 7 is launched according to Chery’s "V-shaped forward development system" process, and it is the first model based on Chery’s new platform, which can be described as a great progress of its own brand.

　　In terms of appearance, Tiggo 7 is very recognizable. The front of the car has created a layered shape with several lines, and the concave design of the air intake grille is very innovative.

　　Like the front of the car, the rear part adopts a concave design, which reflects the overall design language. The inverted triangle taillights have a geometric aesthetic feeling.

　　In terms of interiors, the simple and atmospheric style is suitable for all ages. The three steering wheels that run independently in the middle are unique in shape and will not give people a bloated feeling. The brown leather package of the center console and door panel feels good, and the central console hardly uses metal decorative parts, which gives people a just right feeling.

　　The instrument panel adopts the combination of mechanical watch and LCD screen, and the style is very novel. The counter-clockwise tachometer is interesting, but it needs a little adaptation.　　

　　The UI of the multimedia system is well designed, simple and beautiful, with navigation, multimedia, communication and other functions, supporting Carplay, and equipped with Chery Clouddrive in-vehicle interconnection system.　　

　　Tiggo 7 offers two power options: a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine with a maximum horsepower of 122 horsepower and a peak torque of 180 Nm, and a CVT gearbox. The 1.5T turbocharged engine has a maximum horsepower of 152pp and a peak torque of 205nm, which is matched with a 6-speed manual gearbox or a 6-speed dual-clutch gearbox. The driving experience is mainly smooth, and the chassis has a good texture.

　　　 Editor’s comment: Forward research and development is an attempt from scratch. As the former "boss" of its own brand, Chery has the courage to take this step and proved its R&D strength. Although it doesn’t surprise people in design, configuration and power, it is still very competitive in an all-round and balanced way, which can be described as a solid step taken by Chery.

　　China Overseas Chinese Network June 2 nd Question: What should I do if I encounter racial discrimination in Britain?

　　Going out shopping was dragged to the ground, and walking in the street was thrown with sulfuric acid … Similar incidents occurred in Britain one after another. The parties have one thing in common, that is, they have Asian faces.

　　The epidemic situation of COVID-19 in the world is still grim, and the phenomenon of discrimination against Asians is constantly appearing all over the world. Recently, there have been many such incidents in Britain, and some of them have turned into hate crimes.

　　Chinese people are splashed with sulfuric acid on the streets.

　　Mr. Jing in London was attacked by two strangers with sulfuric acid in the street. Fortunately, he was wearing a leather coat and leather gloves at that time, and the injury was not fatal.

　　On the day of the incident, Mr. Jing met two men in Lu Yu, who stopped him and asked if he was "Chinese" (Chinese/Chinese). When he gave a positive answer, two men said they were lost. He kindly showed them the way, only to find that they deliberately dragged him to the corner, feeling something was wrong, so he left immediately.

　　When Mr. Jing walked to the station, he felt someone running towards him behind him. He turned around and saw one of the men throwing a bottle at his face. He subconsciously blocked it with his hands, and suddenly felt a sharp tingling sensation on his face and his gloves.

　　Later, he went to the police station. The police washed him with physiological saline and some liquids, and called an ambulance to take him to the hospital. The police also said that Mr. Jing was not the first person to encounter this situation.

　　The case of ethnic discrimination against Chinese is not the only one.

　　Attacked outside the international student store

　　A few days ago, a 19-year-old China student was attacked in Sheffield, England. On the day of the incident, the China girl had just come out from shopping. A British woman insulted her with racist words, then slapped her in the face and grabbed her hair and dragged her to the ground.

　　After the girl was pushed to the ground, she was kicked in the head by the attacker. The attacker also picked up a glass bottle and tried to hit the girl’s head. In the meantime, employees of the University of Sheffield came forward to help, stopped and knocked down the attackers.

　　On May 14th, the Consulate General of China in Manchester issued an announcement, strongly condemning the atrocities against China students, and at the same time thanking those who were brave. The Consulate General also contacted the local police station, demanding that measures be taken to bring criminals to justice and asking the school to provide support.

　　The police arrested the suspect and sent a letter to the Consulate General saying that the case had been prioritized as a criminal case. The school arranged special personnel to provide assistance to the victims.

　　Similar incidents are not uncommon.

　　China teachers were besieged by four people.

　　A teacher from China, who was teaching in a British university, was attacked by four men for no reason while jogging in a British street. Four people beat the teacher, and the victim was kicked to the ground, with serious facial injuries and a lot of blood flowing from his nose and mouth. The attackers also attacked the victims with racist words such as "China virus" and "Get out of this country", and said some foul language.

　　After the incident, the victim said in an interview that he no longer felt as safe as before. "I’m worried about what would happen if I was with my children when the incident happened."

　　Racial discrimination against Chinese people is not only manifested in violent attacks.

　　Chinese restaurants keep harassing calls.

　　Steven and his Chinese wife Joanna run a Chinese restaurant in Britain. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, they have been receiving harassing calls asking if they "supply bats". "The caller deliberately spoke to us with a cartoon China accent, which seemed interesting, but my wife and children and I felt offended." Steven said.

　　Before the outbreak, they also received a phone call asking if they had dog meat or cat meat for sale. This situation has been going on for many years.

　　Harassing phone calls virtually wastes the couple’s time, making the already struggling business worse under the epidemic.

　　Steven has reported the case to the police, hoping to stop these harassing calls from coming in, and also hoping to stop these people from making harassing calls to other restaurants.

　　How to deal with discrimination and hate crimes?

　　Zhu Xiaojiu, president of the British-Chinese Lawyers Association, suggested that when encountering racial discrimination, we must be brave enough to speak out and report it. She also called on ethnic minorities to actively participate in mainstream affairs, let the government know the real situation and arouse the government’s attention to solving the problem of discrimination.

　　If you suffer from racial discrimination, you can record or video on the premise of ensuring personal safety. When reporting and appealing, it should be noted that it is best to provide specific time and place, the appearance characteristics and behavior words of the reported object.

　　It is suggested that when friends or colleagues make inappropriate jokes, if conditions permit, kindly point out the seriousness of such remarks and the potential harm they will bring to you.

　　Racial discrimination sometimes leads to hate crimes. The British Embassy said that the British police attach great importance to hate crime cases and will give priority to handling hate crime alarms. Reports of hate crimes are usually recorded and investigated.

　　If you encounter hate crimes, you need to deal with them in the following ways:

　　1. Immediately avoid danger in an emergency, ask the surrounding people for help, and flee to a crowded or safe place.

　　2. Call 999 and 101 to seek help from the local police at the first time; International students should also report to the relevant departments of their school for help.

　　3. In case of serious personal danger or injury, please call the embassy in Britain for help at +44-20-74368294. International students can also contact the Education Office of the British Embassy at+44-20-76120250; Emergency telephone number +44-7410429777 (only for emergency contact after working hours).

　　(Source: British "Huawen Weekly" WeChat WeChat official account, website of China Embassy in the UK, website of China Consulate General in Manchester, etc.; Author: Liang Yi; ID：qiaowangzhongguo)

　

Forwarding Provincial Anti-counterfeiting Office, Tobacco Monopoly Bureau and Public Security Department on

Notice of Guangdong Province’s special action plan for cigarette counterfeiting this winter and next spring

No.82 [2003] of Guangdong Government Office

People’s governments at the local and municipal levels, departments and institutions directly under the provincial government:

　　The Provincial Office for Combating the Illegal Activities of Making and Selling Fake and Inferior Commodities (hereinafter referred to as the Provincial Anti-counterfeiting Office), the Tobacco Monopoly Bureau and the Public Security Department’s "Special Action Plan for Cigarette Anti-counterfeiting in Guangdong Province this winter and next spring" have been approved by the provincial people’s government and are hereby transmitted to you, please follow the implementation. Please contact the provincial anti-counterfeiting office directly for the problems encountered in the implementation.

General Office of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government

October 28th, 2003

Special Action Plan for Cigarette Counterfeiting in Guangdong Province this winter and next spring

　　In order to further crack down on the illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes, purify the cigarette market environment, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and consumers, and standardize the market economic order, this special action plan is formulated according to the requirements of the "Guangdong Province Anti-counterfeiting Work Plan in 2003".

　　-guiding ideology

　　Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, conscientiously implement the spirit of the 16th CPC Central Committee and the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee and the spirit of General Secretary Hu Jintao’s important speech on inspecting Guangdong, adhere to the principle of "combining crackdown with prevention, treating both the symptoms and root causes, and paying equal attention to rectification and standardization", and follow the unified arrangements of the State Council, the provincial party committee and government, and the requirements of the State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, the Ministry of Public Security and other relevant departments. According to People’s Republic of China (PRC) Criminal Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Criminal Procedure Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tobacco Monopoly Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Tobacco Monopoly Law Implementation Regulations and other relevant laws and regulations, all relevant departments should, under the leadership of the local government, carry out their duties, cooperate closely and cooperate with each other, severely crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes, severely punish criminals, and further consolidate and expand the achievements of cigarette counterfeiting and rectifying and standardizing the market economic order in our province.

　　Second, the work objectives

　　(a) the establishment of "the local government is responsible for the guidance and coordination of the anti-counterfeiting office, all parties work together, and the masses actively participate" in the leading mechanism and joint case handling mechanism of cigarette counterfeiting. The provincial anti-counterfeiting office is responsible for the organization, coordination and inspection of cigarette anti-counterfeiting work; Tobacco, industry and commerce, quality supervision and other departments are responsible for investigating and dealing with illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes according to law; The public security department is responsible for investigating suspected criminal cases such as manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes and illegally assembling and reselling cigarette machines; The supervision department is responsible for investigating the responsibility of public officials who violate the law and discipline, and supervising the implementation of the responsibility system for counterfeiting.

　　(two) combined with the "solid foundation" work, pay close attention to the implementation of cigarette counterfeiting responsibility system. Governments at all levels should conscientiously implement the responsibility system for counterfeiting, especially the implementation of the responsibility system for counterfeiting cigarettes at village and town levels.

　　(3) Effectively control the momentum of large-scale, mass and group-based illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes in key areas of our province, so that the incidence rate of major cases of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes has dropped significantly.

　　(four) check the network, dig gangs, end dens, catch the principal offenders, and thoroughly investigate and deal with a number of major cases involving a wide range, serious circumstances and bad nature; Dig deep into the source of counterfeiting in the production of hoods, tobacco and printed trademarks and their behind-the-scenes planning, organization and funders; Severely punish a number of ringleaders and their "protective umbrellas" who commit crimes of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes according to law.

　　(five) the provincial tobacco monopoly bureau should strengthen the clean-up and rectification of the cigarette market, and cooperate with the industrial and commercial departments to do a good job in daily management.

　　Third, key remediation areas

　　This winter and next spring, the key rectification areas of cigarette special anti-counterfeiting action are: Guangzhou, Shantou, Jieyang, Chaozhou and Maoming; The key counties (cities, districts) for rectification are: Chaoyang District and Chaonan District of Shantou City, Raoping County and Chaoan County of Chaozhou City, Jiexi County, Huilai County and Puning City of Jieyang City, Huidong County of Huizhou City, Baiyun District of Guangzhou City, Zengcheng City and Dianbai County of Maoming City. Other parts of the province should also intensify the crackdown and prevention to ensure that the illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes do not spread or spread.

　　Fourth, the time schedule

　　The special campaign lasted from October 2003 to March 2004 and was conducted in three stages:

　　The first stage (preparatory stage): from the end of October to the end of November, 2003, make a thorough investigation, grasp the basic situation of illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes and their leaders and backbones within their jurisdiction, and formulate specific action plans.

　　The second stage (strike stage): from late November 2003 to the end of January 2004, a large-scale inventory operation was jointly organized to crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes and severely punish criminals and their "protective umbrellas". During the New Year’s Day and the Spring Festival, governments at all levels and relevant departments should actively organize forces and cooperate with each other to set off a climax of cracking down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes.

　　The third stage (summary and commendation stage): from the first ten days of February to the end of March, 2004, the provincial anti-counterfeiting office will take the lead in inspecting and supervising the special anti-counterfeiting operations in winter and spring in various places, and commend and reward the units and individuals that have made outstanding performance during the special operations.

　　V. Organizational leadership

　　In order to strengthen the leadership of the special campaign against cigarette counterfeiting this winter and next spring, and ensure the effectiveness of all the work, the provincial government decided to set up a special action supervision group to be responsible for the coordination and command of the special action. The steering group is led by the provincial anti-counterfeiting office, and its members are composed of relevant personnel from the anti-counterfeiting office, public security, industry and commerce, quality supervision, tobacco, discipline inspection and supervision departments.

　　VI. Job Requirements

　　(A) to raise awareness and strengthen leadership

　　The illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes have destroyed the normal social and economic order, damaged the honest, trustworthy, fair and competitive market environment, endangered the physical and mental health of the broad masses of people, caused huge economic losses to the country and enterprises, and damaged the image of our province. Governments at all levels and relevant departments should fully understand that cracking down on the illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes is an important measure to rectify and standardize the market economic order and improve the socialist market economic system from the height of practicing Theory of Three Represents; Fully understand the particularity, long-term and arduousness of cigarette counterfeiting, overcome slack thinking and war-weariness and make unremitting efforts. Governments at all levels should adhere to the principle of "keeping the soil responsible", and take cigarette counterfeiting as an important part of counterfeiting work. The leaders in charge of the government should personally grasp it, organize it carefully and make careful arrangements. All localities should refer to the practice of the province, set up corresponding institutions, and effectively strengthen the organization and leadership of special actions.

　　(2) Close cooperation and coordinated operations.

　　Cigarette counterfeiting involves a wide range, and all relevant functional departments should carry out their duties, coordinate and cooperate, and make key breakthroughs to ensure the effectiveness of all work. Tobacco, industry and commerce, quality supervision and other administrative law enforcement departments should intensify the investigation and punishment, and the suspected criminal cases should be promptly transferred to the public security organs for handling in accordance with the Provisions of the State Council on the Transfer of Suspected Criminal Cases by Administrative Law Enforcement Organs, and punishment should not be substituted for punishment. Public security organs should promptly carry out investigations, collect criminal evidence and arrest criminal suspects. Public security and judicial departments at all levels should actively study issues such as fact finding, evidence confirmation and application of laws according to the new situation and new characteristics of cigarette counterfeiting and selling activities, and punish illegal and criminal cases with serious circumstances and bad influence quickly and severely according to law in order to deter criminals. Public security organs in Guangzhou, Chaoyang, Chaonan, Puning and other places should intensify their efforts to pursue suspects who are at large in manufacturing and selling counterfeit and shoddy cigarettes, and strive to bring them to justice during special operations. Supervisory organs at all levels should strengthen the system of administrative accountability, and seriously investigate and deal with acts such as state staff participating in or sheltering the activities of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy cigarettes and neglecting their duties and engaging in malpractices for selfish ends in the process of cigarette counterfeiting; In case of major or malignant cases caused by passive slackness and ineffective work, the responsible persons of local governments and relevant responsible persons shall be investigated according to law. Provincial Radio and Television Group should pay close attention to the installation of large-capacity three-phase electricity and inform the provincial public security department in time.

　　(3) Strengthen publicity and guidance, and strengthen supervision by public opinion.

　　Governments at all levels and relevant departments should, with the help of television, radio, newspapers and other news media, strengthen the publicity and reporting of the special campaign against cigarette counterfeiting this winter and next spring in accordance with the requirements of "highlighting key points, grasping opportunities and creating momentum", and focus on publicizing the firm determination, positive actions and remarkable achievements of our province in attaching great importance to cigarette counterfeiting, making unremitting efforts and severely punishing according to law, so as to form a strong publicity momentum in the whole society and deter criminals. It is necessary to carry out publicity and education on laws and regulations among the broad masses, obtain the support and cooperation of the masses, especially do a good job in ideological education of village and town cadres in key areas, earnestly implement the responsibility system for counterfeiting, and promote the in-depth development of cigarette counterfeiting work.

Guangdong province crack down on manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy goods illegal behavior office

Guangdong tobacco monopoly bureau

Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department

October 27th, 2003

　　On May 15th, at the press conference held by the State Council Press Office, the National Bureau of Statistics released the main index data of national economic operation in April. The data shows that in April, the production sector grew steadily, the market demand continued to expand, the employment situation continued to improve, consumer prices rose moderately, the supply-side structural reform was further promoted, the old and new kinetic energy was accelerated, and the quality and efficiency of economic operation were further improved.

　　Xing Zhihong, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics and director of the National Economic Statistics Department, said that although some indicators declined in April, there were many positive changes in the relationship between supply and demand, quality and efficiency, and market expectations in economic operation. "Stability" was the main tone, "progress" was the key word, "good" was the general trend, and the national economy was expected to continue to maintain a stable and positive trend.

　　The main tone of "stability" has not changed.

　　The data shows that the growth rate of some economic indicators declined in April.

　　"This is mainly due to this year ‘ May Day ’ The small holiday is ahead of schedule and the working day is reduced by one day. " Xing Zhihong said that if we compare the growth of economic indicators in April with January-February and last year, we can find that the performance of relevant indicators is not weak. Taking industry as an example, in April, the year-on-year growth rate of industrial added value above designated size was 0.2 percentage points faster than that in January and February, and 0.5 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year. Among the monthly growth rates since 2015, the growth rate of 6.5% is also at a high level.

　　"The decline in the growth rate in the month has not affected the steady development trend of the cumulative growth rate." Xing Zhihong said that the cumulative industrial growth rate from January to April was 6.7%, which was basically the same as the 6.8% in the first quarter; The cumulative growth rate of retail sales of social consumer goods was 10.2%, 0.2 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. It can be seen that the slight decline of some economic indicators in April is not a trend change, but a small fluctuation within a reasonable range and an expected range.

　　Xing Zhihong said that from the four important indicators of economic growth, price level, employment status and balance of payments, China’s economy continued to operate steadily in a reasonable range, and the main tone of stability remained unchanged, achieving stable economic growth, stable employment, overall stable prices and relatively stable balance of payments.

　　The strength of "entering" is increasing.

　　Xing Zhihong said that in April, China’s economic operation was intensified, structural adjustment continued to advance, and the momentum of transformation and upgrading was good. The "three to one, one reduction and one supplement" was solidly promoted, and the policy effect was further revealed.

　　— — In terms of capacity reduction, steel production increased by 1.7% year-on-year in the first four months, and the growth rate dropped by 0.4 percentage points compared with the first quarter. Cement and raw coal production increased by 0.7% and 2.5% respectively. At present, the steel production capacity is 31.7 million tons, and the coal production capacity is 68.97 million tons, achieving 63.4% and 46% of the target tasks for this year respectively. In terms of destocking, the area of commercial housing for sale nationwide decreased by 7.2% at the end of April, which was 0.8 percentage points higher than that at the end of March. In terms of deleveraging, the asset-liability ratio of industrial enterprises above designated size was 56.2% in March, down 0.7 percentage points year-on-year.

　　— — In terms of cost reduction, from January to March, the cost per 100 yuan of main business income of industrial enterprises above designated size was 85.25 yuan, down 0.15 yuan year-on-year.

　　— — To make up for the shortcomings, the investment in ecological protection and environmental management increased by 50.4% in the first four months, the investment in public facilities management increased by 28.4%, and the investment in water conservancy management, transportation and warehousing and postal services increased by 16.1% and 16.7% respectively.

　　"Since the beginning of this year, the leading role of innovation has improved, new kinetic energy has continued to grow and develop, and entrepreneurial innovation has a good momentum." Xing Zhihong said that in April, there were 556,000 newly registered enterprises nationwide, a year-on-year increase of 9.2%, with an average of 18,500 newly registered enterprises every day. New formats and new models have grown rapidly, and the proportion of online goods in the retail sales of social consumer goods has reached 12.9%, up 1.8 percentage points year-on-year. Driven by the rapid development of e-commerce, the volume of express delivery business is also growing rapidly, and it is expected to increase by 31.1% from January to April.

　　"Good" conditions are increasing.

　　Xing Zhihong said that since the beginning of this year, the positive factors in China’s economic operation have been accumulating, and the steady and positive development trend is sustainable.

　　From the perspective of supply and demand, although the year-on-year increase of PPI has declined in the past two months, the improvement of supply and demand in most industries continues and the market demand continues to expand. In April, the prices of 34 of the 40 industrial sectors were higher than the same period of last year, and the increase was further expanded; Among the 596 industrial products, the output of 419 products was higher than that of the same period of last year, with an increase of 70.3%; What is even more commendable is that the production and sales rate reached 97.6%, up 0.1 percentage points year-on-year, indicating that the relationship between supply and demand in the market continued to show an improvement trend.

　　"This improvement in the relationship between supply and demand is achieved in the context of structural reform on the supply side and the transformation of old and new kinetic energy. It appears on the premise that both supply and demand structures are optimized, and new supply is born through new demand, and new supply creates new demand, not just the result of cyclical factors." Xing Zhihong said.

　　"The upward momentum of the economy and the downward pressure of the economy coexist, and some long-term accumulated structural contradictions still exist." Xing Zhihong said that at present, China is in a critical period of speed shifting, structural optimization and kinetic energy conversion, and it still needs to pay close attention to new situations and new problems in economic operation. (Economic Daily China Economic Net reporter Lin Huocan)

Original Wang Xingfei Fictitious Time

Whether you choose chemotherapy, X-ray examination or heart transplantation, every medical decision is a risk.

From the first human blood transfusion more than 300 years ago to the development of vaccines in COVID-19 today, risks are accompanied by the emergence of every new treatment.

Blood transfusion, anesthesia, chemotherapy, vaccines, antibiotics, X-ray examination, organ transplantation, genetic engineering, biological agents, Dr. Paul Offit (author of The Story of Vaccine) started with nine great achievements of modern medicine and told the story of risks behind each medical progress this time.

In the 20th century, the average life expectancy of Americans increased by 30 years, largely due to the progress of modern medicine. At the same time, every medical breakthrough is accompanied by victory and tragedy.

Do we accept new technologies and when?

Faced with this medical uncertainty, our old friend, Dr. Wang Xing, the author of "Patient’s Family, Please Come" and other books, said: "In fact, although most technical risks are now very controllable, the probability of risks is still not zero, not to mention the exploration of new technologies. You will find that when a new treatment appears on social media, the most indifferent is actually the doctor. Not because they don’t accept new things, but because they understand the uncertainty behind new technologies. The doctor’s job is to try to play the most beneficial card for the patient on the premise of knowing the uncertainty. This is the’ life’ that doctors believe. "

Do doctors also believe in "life"? !

Wen | Wang Xing

(Peking University, Ph.D. in Oncology, Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai First People’s Hospital)

Do doctors believe in life? Really believe it.

Many doctors, including me, don’t necessarily have any religious beliefs, but most of them believe in fate. This is not a feudal superstition, such as not eating mangoes (busy) and eating apples (safe) when on duty, although many times we really want to do so. The "fate" that doctors believe is essentially probability. Because modern medicine is an uncertain science based on probability.

When a doctor is a rookie, he can be independent, not because of how many operations he can perform, how complicated situations he has handled and how to save the day, but because of his courage. At the beginning of the operation, there was nothing I was afraid to do, and I was full of momentum, but today, ten years later, I am afraid of a lot. This kind of cowardice is not simply to give up the challenge, but to recognize the probability.

Dr. Wang is at work. Tuyuan Wang Xing Weibo

Assuming that the probability of a risk is one in a thousand, and you treat at least 1000 patients in ten years, this risk will change from a small probability event to a high probability accident.

In recent years, immunotherapy has become more popular in the field of lung cancer. Because of some policies of benefiting the people, most of the immunotherapy drugs have dropped from the initial course of 10,000 yuan to around 1000 yuan. This is certainly gratifying, but it is a headache for doctors that when the price is lower than many auxiliary drugs to relieve vomiting, it will lead to a result-because patients lack the necessary understanding of the side effects of such drugs, they think that since this drug is not expensive, it is nothing to add.

On one occasion, the day before, we lamented that the patient was obviously better after taking the medicine for two days. The patient returned home happily and received news from the patient’s family the next day that the patient had left. From the experience, it is likely that there is an outbreak of immune cardiotoxicity, the probability is about 5%, there is no reason, and even the key markers can not be found to determine who is the 5%.

Young doctors are reluctant to talk about risks and think the probability is too low. But I will talk about the risks and let patients know that whether it is surgery or medication, we are all gambling. I still remember that a patient in the department suddenly fell to the ground when he went to the toilet the next day after surgery. After investigation, he found that it was an acute cerebral infarction, so he quickly rescued it and spent hundreds of thousands. The final outcome was a vegetative state, and the patient died soon.

Stills of In the World

It was originally a simple minor operation, but the patient lost his life. Despite the timely rescue, the patient’s lover expressed gratitude to us, but the family members still questioned us-

"Should surgery be done?"

"If the operation is not done, can the patient live for many years?"

"Why didn’t you emphasize with your family that you would have a cerebral infarction before the operation? If you knew there was this risk, we wouldn’t be in a hurry."

If I were a family member, I would ask the same question. No way, the surgeon’s job is to bury his emotions in a grave that belongs to his own heart and continue to work with a cold mask. But the more you work, the more timid you are, and the more you will nag patients about risks, instead of boasting about your strength and downplaying the operation.

I hope more people will read this book precisely because it is not preaching, but telling people with facts that medical risks are a problem that cannot be ignored.

Although medicine has developed from witchcraft of offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods to today, it is still full of many uncertainties. This is the origin of the title, gambling on life, or literally translated as-you have to gamble on your life.

This is no exaggeration. Nowadays, technologies that look very mature: blood transfusion, antibiotics, vaccines, anesthesia … These medical inventions not only bring about the improvement of people’s well-being, but also bring disastrous consequences.

Stills of Everything About Dr. Tang

If the key word of the author’s The Story of Vaccine is "cost", then the key word of Gambling Life is "uncertainty".

At the time of writing this book, the COVID-19 epidemic was raging all over the world, and all countries were on the track of vaccine, hoping to develop a unique vaccine, so that their countries could gain great advantages in this era. On April 7th, 2020, FDA approved an antimalarial drug named hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of Covid-19 infection in the absence of research results on drug effectiveness. Many people, including the then president of the United States, think that what harm can it do to try? Unfortunately, many research results show that hydroxychloroquine can neither treat nor prevent Covid-19 infection, and about 10% of drug users have severe arrhythmia. Two months later, the FDA withdrew the drug recommendation.

It can be said that one of the purposes of this book is to accuse the American government of ignoring the potential risks of new medical technologies in order to "win". Different from the history of western medicine which is narrated according to time, Gambling Life has no intention of exaggerating the success and tragedy stories behind nine modern medical advances, but conveys a profound lesson to us-whether, when and how we should accept new technologies.

This book tells readers with cold figures how the hidden bugs in the beautiful medical discoveries in the name of cure have led to disasters step by step. In the process of reading, I was deeply touched. Medical study only made me see the increasing life span of human beings, but I didn’t see that the flashes in medical history superimposed the unique arrogance of human beings, which made history trample on bones and blood and tears again and again.

Human discovery of medicine is often accompanied by several kinds of mistakes:

The first category is insufficient cognition.

The author takes blood transfusion as an example. At first, people learned to transfuse blood from cattle and sheep. When an accidental transfusion of human blood succeeded, they fell into a gambling game, because after transfusion, there was a certain probability that people would die. Today, we know that people have ABO blood type and Rh blood type, and only the correct blood transfusion method can be established. After people thought that they had discovered the natural law and started blood transfusion, they were educated again, because the disaster caused by the spread of hepatitis B and AIDS caused by blood transfusion was far more serious than before. You will find that the more ordinary people are, the more confident they are, and the more confident they are, the greater the cost.

The second category is that the pace is too big and there is a lack of supervision.

Known as "one of the most serious large-scale poisoning incidents in the 20th century", the protagonist is an antibiotic called sulfanilamide, which is still commonly used today. At that time, four weeks after the drug was put on the market, 353 people took it and 105 people died, including 34 children. Finally, it was found that the problem was not sulfanilamide, but the solvent of the drug. The solvent contains lethal diethylene glycol, which will cause nephrotoxicity. On March 5, 1938, President Roosevelt signed the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act. Since then, American pharmaceutical companies have been required to list all drug ingredients on the labels and fully carry out product safety tests before they can obtain the marketing permission of the FDA.

The third category is "a dead horse is a living horse doctor".

The most typical example is biotherapy. In the Wei Zexi incident, Wei Zexi tried biological therapy in the treatment of chondrosarcoma with a desperate mentality, and eventually he lost both money and money. The effectiveness of many seemingly "new drugs" and "new therapies" has not been fully verified, and the huge temptation of fame and fortune brought by a star therapy has also driven doctors to ignore ethics and regulatory processes to promote clinical trials. This "two-way trip" to human trials is disastrous, such as the incident of genetically editing a fetus that made a lot of noise a few years ago. These experiments will bring unpredictable and huge risks to individuals and human beings. The author thinks that we must firmly control the brakes under our feet.

via:www.sagarhospitals.in

The fourth category is the false confidence generated by animal experiments.

A successful heart transplant for chimpanzees does not mean that people will succeed. There are great species and individual differences between species and people. Social media often reports that a drug has played a good role at the cellular and animal levels, and it sounds as if human beings are about to conquer a certain disease. However, as long as graduate students who have experienced basic scientific research and training know that there is a huge gap between drugs from outside to inside, and from animals to people. What is effective at the cellular level may not be effective at the animal level, and what is effective at the animal level may not be effective in human trials, and even lead to a series of chain reactions. The exquisiteness of the human body also determines that any method of changing the structure and adjustment of the human body is bound to have defects.

Gambling on Life is a sober book, which refers to the U.S. government, which is eager to promote large-scale clinical trials without evidence, and hopes that every struggling patient can remain rational during treatment. In the book, you will learn that in the history of medical development, people who have been drugged may or may not fall asleep; People who have been vaccinated may resist the virus or die of the vaccine itself; Even blood transfusion, a common operation in modern society, was once a gamble.

Stills of "Emergency Room Story"

No one wants to gamble. It’s like a patient asking me if I can be cured. If I answer "It depends on my life", it will probably cause a contradiction between doctors and patients. In fact, although most technical risks are already very controllable, the probability of risks is still not zero, not to mention the exploration of new technologies. You will find that when a new treatment appears on social media, the most indifferent is actually the doctor. Not because they don’t accept new things, but because they understand the uncertainty behind new technologies.

The doctor’s job is to try to play the most beneficial card for the patient on the premise of knowing the uncertainty. This is the "fate" that doctors believe.

* Some pictures are from the Internet.

Bet one’s life

[America] By Paul Offit, translated by Qiu Xiaochen

Publication date: May 1, 2024

Shanghai Translation Publishing House

brief Introduction of the content

Whether you choose chemotherapy, X-ray examination or heart transplantation, every medical decision is a risk.

Dr. Paul Offit pointed out that from the first blood transfusion over 300 years ago to the development of vaccines in COVID-19 today, risks are accompanied by the emergence of every new treatment.

In the 20th century, the average life expectancy of Americans increased by 30 years, largely due to the progress of modern medicine. At the same time, every medical breakthrough is accompanied by victory and tragedy.

Do we accept new technologies and when?

Blood transfusion, anesthesia, chemotherapy, vaccines, antibiotics, X-ray examination, organ transplantation, genetic engineering, biological agents, "Gambling for Life" starts with nine great achievements of modern medicine and tells the risk story behind each medical progress.

Brief introduction of the author

Paul A. Offit, professor of vaccinology, professor of pediatrics at perelman Medical College, University of Pennsylvania, and director of the Vaccine Education Center of Philadelphia Children’s Hospital. He is a member of the vaccine working group of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the vaccine and related biological products advisory committee of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Previously, he was a member of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

His medical popular science works include The Story of Vaccine, Do you believe in magic? "gambling" and so on.

Original title: "Doctors also believe in" life "? ! Really believe it. 》

Read the original text

Author/Tank

In the film market in 1996, with the gradual popularization of television in ordinary families, journalists who reported films turned their attention to television. Similarly, social investors and institutions who like movies have also scattered their money bags on TV, which has led to TV dramas becoming a hot topic for film and television audiences. The film has only become a "minority carnival" in some first-and second-tier cities.

However, the film reform is still going on. The opening of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee, the convening of the National Film Work Conference and the promulgation of the "Regulations on Film Management" issued by the State Council have subtly changed the film market. In addition, it was also from this year that 5% of the movie box office was drawn as a special fund. Prior to this, the special fund was 5 cents per movie ticket, and with the average ticket price exceeding that of 2 yuan in 1996, this rule was improved accordingly.

However, the film market in 1996 was not as stable as expected.

The main theme film won the domestic film championship,

But was criticized by the leaders.

　 　　

Compared with the box office performance of record-breaking domestic films such as Red Cherry and Sunny Days in 1995, the domestic film market in 1996 can only be described as a fiasco. On the one hand, it may be because the large-scale influx of imported sub-accounts has raised the taste of the audience. On the other hand, it is really the quality of domestic films.

Indeed, since 1995, when imported blockbusters officially stimulated the film market in China, many state-owned studios also fell into panic, and both their investment ability, market grasp and internal management of enterprises were in an embarrassing situation. Even more than half of the state-owned studios can only maintain the situation by selling factory logos, renting venues and charging staff to lend labor fees. It is precisely because of the overall sluggishness of the domestic film market that in March of that year, the working conference of the National Film Bureau was held in Changsha. The market prospect of domestic films was discussed.

At the meeting, China filmmakers put forward the requirements of the boutique strategy, specifically the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", that is, during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, 10 films were made every year, and a total of 50 boutique films were made in five years.

However, the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" has not become the turning point of China’s film quality, and the pressure of the film bureau leaders on various studios has not turned into the motivation of quality, but has become a misunderstanding of the creative concept. After the meeting in Changsha in March, studios quickly adjusted their creative themes, and at one time a large number of biographies describing the heroes of the times almost became hot topics. Because of the low production cost, many films gradually came out after two or three months. But it has become a new disaster in the history of China movies.

In 1996, among the top ten box offices in China, only one domestic film entered the list, ranking ninth, and it was also the main theme film "Kong Fansen" with group ticket bonus. The film produced by Shandong Film Studio is expected to reach 60 million party member X2 yuan (average ticket price) = 120 million box office before release, setting a new box office record for domestic film history, but the film ended with only 36 million yuan.

In the academic journal The Art of Film, which is sponsored by the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and specializes in film criticism and film theory research, Mr. Gao Jun commented that China doesn’t need too many domestic films of the type of Kong Fansen-"The hero theme can take many forms, including poetry, radio dramas, feature films, reportage, etc., and the film art has its own special rules, so it is not necessary to make all films."

The relevant leaders of the Film Bureau also criticized at the conclusion meeting at the end of the year, arguing that Kong Fansen had nothing to do with the film marketization, and even announced the water injection rate of the film. "Red-headed documents are pioneers, and group booking is the main source of its box office. According to the data reported by more than 20 provinces across the country, only about 5% of the audience pay for their own movies, while the proportion in Beijing is even only 0.51%." As a result, the situation that the film is full of seats is very serious throughout the country, wasting a lot of party fees and union dues as a supplement to the film market, which is contrary to the development law of socialist market economy.

To the surprise of all filmmakers at that time, 23 years later, such films have become the absolute mainstream of the domestic film market.

China Film lost its monopoly on imported films.

　 　

The discussion about China Film’s monopoly on imported sub-accounts has been discussed since 1994. Later, we know that the establishment of Huaxia in 2003 partially ended the monopoly of China Film’s import sub-accounts, but in fact, in 1996, the relevant reforms had tried to break this deadlock.

In 1996, 54 imported films were issued nationwide, of which 51 were issued by China Film, and the other three were Long Film, North Film and Shanghai Film, each of which issued some accounts.

However, the practice in those days was not dominated by these three state-owned companies. Instead, China Film Company still signed contracts with foreign investors, and then the three state-owned film companies signed agency distribution contracts with China Film Company respectively, and then distributed them independently throughout the country. Changying, Beiying and Shangying respectively chose Future Water World, The Game of the Brave and Toy Story to distribute in different accounts throughout the country. All three films have achieved good results, but this distribution model has not been systematically promoted on a large scale afterwards.

Jackie Chan’s never to lose 4, the box office champion in 1996, was translated into Bai Jinlong and introduced to the mainland of China in that year. Like Hongfan District, this film was also introduced during the Spring Festival in parallel with the Hong Kong market. Although the film did not achieve the success of "Hong Fan District", it still achieved 80 million box office results. In terms of imported movies, action movies still occupy the dominant position in the market, such as Tornado, Broken Arrow, Game of the Brave, Adventure Island, Mission Impossible, Future Water World, etc. Except The Bridges of Madison County, all other imported movies are action, adventure and sci-fi movies, which are basically consistent with the current imported film market. Among the Hong Kong films, Jackie Chan’s film is the most appealing, which has obvious advantages over other films.

In first-and second-tier cities, imported films have become the absolute main force of the market. In Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, the box office revenue of imported films has reached more than 70-80% of the whole year. This phenomenon will continue for more than five years.

Market polarization is serious,

Where is the next step of reform?

　 　

With the gradual opening of the market, the competition intensifies. The polarization of China film market is becoming increasingly obvious.

In addition to the polarization of box office volume between domestic films and imported sub-accounts films, the polarization of ticket warehouse market is also intensifying. Developed provinces and big cities began to occupy more and more market share. Take the comparison between 1995 and 1996 as an example: among the 32 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, the top five provinces and municipalities accounted for 49% of the total box office in 1995, and the top ten accounted for 68%; In 1996, the top five provinces and cities rose to 56%, and the top ten provinces and cities rose to 75%, and the gap was getting bigger and bigger.

The beginning and end effects of the cinema are becoming more and more obvious. In 1996, there were about 500 cinemas in China, and the top 100 cinemas accounted for more than 35% of the box office. Of course, this was the overall trend of reform and opening up at that time. Let some people get rich first, that is, let some cities or cinemas prosper first. Polarization is also a normal phenomenon caused by fierce competition in the market.

Star Studios, since 1996, have also received more and more attention from the industry.

Among them, Shanghai Daguangming Studio is the first studio in China. This cinema alone has an annual box office output of 20 million, which is 1.69% of the national box office. The capital cinema, which is the number one in Beijing, scored exactly 20 million in 1996.

However, compared with the polarization of ticket warehouses, how to really produce good domestic blockbusters became the most puzzling problem for China filmmakers at that time. The problems faced during the period of institutional reform of the film industry were complicated, and how to carry out macro-control. The "Ninth Five-Year Plan" failed, and the rule that the number of domestic films and the proportion of films should account for more than two-thirds of the overall market at Changsha Conference has almost become a dead letter, but the road of "boutique strategy" for domestic films cannot be changed. Maybe the movie market in 1997 will give us a surprise?

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China Quality News Network Recently, Taiyuan Municipal Market Supervision Administration issued an announcement on risk control and verification of 19 batches of unqualified food.

Announcement on risk control, verification and disposal of 19 batches of unqualified food

1. The food safety sampling inspection organized by Shanxi Provincial Market Supervision Administration involves four batches of unqualified food from four production and operation enterprises in our city. The verification and disposal are hereby notified as follows:

(a) the verification and disposal of black rice steamed bread distributed by Yufuxiang convenience store in yingze district, Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The black rice steamed bread distributed by Yufuxiang convenience store in yingze district City, Taiyuan City (the purchase date was November 5, 2021) was sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt items were detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Yufuxiang convenience store in yingze district, Taiyuan City by law enforcement officers, the parties concerned purchased 6 bags of black rice steamed bread (4 bags/bag) from the supplier Haoxifu Steamed Bread Store in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City on November 5, 2021, sampled and sold 4 bags, and the remaining 2 bags were disposed of by themselves. After investigation, the dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt detected in this batch of black rice steamed bread are a kind of food additive allowed by the state, but it is not allowed to be added in the processed steamed bread, which is caused by the production and processing links. A separate investigation has been made on the supplier Haofufu Steamed Bread Shop in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City. According to the provisions of Article 136 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), it is decided to exempt the parties from administrative punishment.

(2) Check and dispose of leeks distributed by Qinhai International Branch of Taiyuan Dingshang Jiajiali Supermarket Co., Ltd.

1. Basic information: The leek distributed by Qinhai International Branch of Taiyuan Dingshang Jiajiali Supermarket Co., Ltd. was sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of procymidone was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After the on-site inspection of Qinhai International Branch of Taiyuan Dingshang Jiajiali Supermarket Co., Ltd. by law enforcement officers, the parties concerned purchased 4 kilograms of leeks, sampled and sold 2.5 kilograms, and the rest were sold out. After investigation, the procymidone project detected in this batch of leeks belongs to organochlorine pesticides as fungicides, which are mainly used in the planting process. The parties concerned could not provide the relevant qualification certification materials of the planting place, and failed to fulfill the obligations of incoming goods inspection and obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued the Notice of Ordering Correction and the Decision of Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties concerned have now rectified. According to the provisions of Article 50 of the Law on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products in People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Article 126 of the Law on Food Safety in People’s Republic of China (PRC), the combined punishment for the two illegal acts of the parties concerned is as follows: confiscation of illegal income of 14.32 yuan, fine of 30,000 yuan, with a total amount of 30,014.32 yuan.

(3) Check and dispose of the bean jelly distributed by yingze district Wang Meiying Mianpi Liuxiang Store in Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The bean jelly distributed by Piliuxiang Store in Wang Meiying, yingze district, Taiyuan (the date of purchase was November 5, 2021) was sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of aluminum residue (dry sample, calculated as A1) was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-the-spot inspection by law enforcement officers at Pimian Liuxiang Store in Wang Meiying, yingze district, Taiyuan City, the parties concerned bought 4 kilograms of bean jelly on November 5, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified reason was caused by the production and processing process. The parties failed to fulfill their obligations such as incoming goods inspection, obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued a Notice of Ordering Correction and a Decision on Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 41.96 yuan and a fine of 2,500 yuan, totaling 2,541.96 yuan.

(four) the verification and disposal of fried peanuts distributed by Shanxi Institute of Applied Science and Technology.

1. Basic information: The fried peanuts (processing date: October 25th, 2021) distributed by Shanxi Institute of Applied Science and Technology were sampled for food safety inspection, and aflatoxin B was detected in one batch._oneThe project does not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion is unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After the on-site inspection of Shanxi Institute of Applied Science and Technology by law enforcement officers, the parties concerned purchased 10 kg of raw peanuts from the supplier Taiyuan Jincheng Zhiyuan Food Co., Ltd. on October 23, 2021, and all of them were processed into fried peanuts on October 25, 2021, and 2 kg was sampled and sold, and the rest were sold out. Law enforcement officers conducted an on-site inspection of the supplier Taiyuan Jincheng Zhiyuan Food Co., Ltd., and found that there was a bag of peanuts stored in the warehouse, and the ventilation condition of the on-site storage environment was poor. After investigation, aflatoxin B was detected in this batch of fried peanuts._oneThe exceeding standard of the project is due to the damp warehouse and improper storage of raw materials peanuts, and the supplier has been investigated separately. According to the provisions of Article 50 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Law and Article 136 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law, it is decided to exempt the parties from administrative punishment.

2. The food safety sampling inspection organized by Taiyuan Municipal Market Supervision Administration involves 11 batches of unqualified food and 2 batches of risk detection projects of 12 production and operation enterprises in our city. The verification and disposal are hereby notified as follows:

(1) Verification and disposal of apricot strips distributed by Guoling Food Store in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, whose nominal production enterprise is Chengde Hualang Food Co., Ltd.

1. Basic information: The sampling inspection of food safety was carried out on apricot strips (production date: March 14th, 2021) distributed by Guoling Food Store in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, whose nominal production enterprise was Chengde Hualang Food Co., Ltd. After inspection, one batch of sulfur dioxide residue items was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Guoling Food Store in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City by law enforcement officers, the party concerned purchased 1 box (10kg/box) of this batch of apricot strips, sampled and sold 1kg, and the rest were sold out, so it was impossible to recall them. After investigation, it was found that the residual sulfur dioxide in apricot strips distributed by the parties concerned was caused by excessive use of preservatives in the production and processing process, and the nominal production enterprise Chengde Hualang Food Co., Ltd. was verified and disposed of by Chengde Municipal Market Supervision Administration. The parties failed to fulfill the obligations of incoming goods inspection, obtaining certificates and tickets as required, and the law enforcement officers issued the Notice of Ordering Correction and the Decision of Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned shall be given a fine of 4,000 yuan, totaling 4,340 yuan.

(2) Check and dispose of the dough distributed by Yanling Snack Bar in jiancaoping district, Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The food safety sampling inspection was carried out on the dough distributed by Yanling snack bar in jiancaoping district, Taiyuan (the purchase date was November 10th, 2021). After inspection, one batch of benzoic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by benzoic acid), dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by dehydroacetic acid) were detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Yanling Snack Bar in jiancaoping district, Taiyuan City by law enforcement officers, the party concerned bought 2.5 kilograms of dough on November 10, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified dough sold by the parties was caused by the production and processing links, and the parties failed to fulfill their obligations such as incoming goods inspection and obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued a Notice of Ordering Correction and a Decision on Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 21.5 yuan and a fine of 2,500 yuan, totaling 2,521.5 yuan.

(three) the verification and disposal of the dough distributed by Hongjuan Noodle Shop in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City

1. Basic information: The food safety sampling inspection was carried out on the dough distributed by Hongjuan Noodle Shop in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City (the purchase date was November 4, 2021). After inspection, one batch of benzoic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by benzoic acid), dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by dehydroacetic acid) were detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection by law enforcement officers at Hongjuan Noodle Shop in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, the party concerned bought 2.5 kilograms of dough on November 4, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified dough sold by the parties was caused by the production and processing links, and the parties failed to fulfill their obligations such as incoming goods inspection and obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued a Notice of Ordering Correction and a Decision on Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 44.2 yuan and a fine of 2,500 yuan, totaling 2,544.2 yuan.

(four) the verification and disposal of bean jelly distributed by Tianbuhua snack bar in Wanbailin District of Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The bean jelly distributed by Tianbuhua snack bar in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City (purchase date: November 11th, 2021) was sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of aluminum residue (dry sample, calculated as Al) was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-the-spot inspection by law enforcement officers at Tianbuhua Snack Bar in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City, the party concerned bought 5 kg of bean jelly on November 11, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified reason of the bean jelly distributed by the party concerned was caused by the production and processing links. The party concerned failed to fulfill the obligations of incoming goods inspection, obtaining certificates and tickets as required, and the law enforcement officers issued the Notice of Ordering Correction and the Decision of Administrative Punishment on the Spot. The party concerned has now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 144 yuan and a fine of 2,500 yuan, totaling 2,644 yuan.

(five) the verification and disposal of the vermicelli distributed by xiaodian district Linxin Snack Bar in Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The food safety sampling inspection was carried out on the vermicelli distributed by Linxin Snack Bar in xiaodian district, Taiyuan City (the purchase date was August 25th, 2021). After inspection, one batch of aluminum residue (dry sample, calculated as Al) was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Linxin snack bar in xiaodian district, Taiyuan by law enforcement officers, the parties concerned bought 10kg of vermicelli on August 25th, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified vermicelli distributed by the party concerned was caused by the production and processing links, and the party concerned failed to fulfill the obligations of incoming goods inspection, obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued the Notice of Ordering Correction and the Decision of Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the party concerned has now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 454.9 yuan and a fine of 2,500 yuan, totaling 2,954.9 yuan.

(VI) Check and dispose of the aged vinegar (fermented vinegar) whose nominal production enterprise is Shanxi Gengyuquan Vinegar Industry Co., Ltd. distributed by Chen Shouliang Food Supermarket in Wanbailin District of Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: fermented vinegar, the aged vinegar (production date: January 1, 2021) distributed by Chen Shouliang Food Supermarket in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City, whose nominal production enterprise is Shanxi Gengyuquan Vinegar Industry Co., Ltd., was sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of non-volatile acid (calculated by lactic acid) was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified.

2. Punishment according to law: After the on-site inspection of Chen Shouliang Food Supermarket in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City by law enforcement officers, the parties concerned purchased 60 barrels of this batch of mature vinegar from the supplier jiancaoping district Hengjia Food Store in Taiyuan City on January 25th, 2021, sampled and sold 7 barrels, and the rest have been sold. The supplier has investigated another case. After investigation, the unqualified nonvolatile acid and total acid of this batch of mature vinegar should be caused by improper control of fermentation process in the production and processing process. The nominal production enterprise Shanxi Gengyuquan Vinegar Industry Co., Ltd. has been investigated by Qingxu County Market Supervision Bureau. According to the provisions of Article 50 of the Product Quality Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the party concerned was given an administrative penalty of 29.5 yuan and a fine of 500.5 yuan. The total amount is 530 yuan.

(seven) the verification and disposal of the dough distributed by Xiaozhang fast food restaurant in yingze district, Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The food safety sampling inspection was carried out on the dough distributed by Xiaozhang fast food restaurant in yingze district, Taiyuan (the purchase date was October 25th, 2021). After inspection, one batch of benzoic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by benzoic acid) was found, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Xiaozhang fast food restaurant in yingze district, Taiyuan City by law enforcement officers, the party concerned bought 2.5 kilograms of dough on October 25th, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified dough sold by the parties was caused by the production and processing links, and the parties failed to fulfill their obligations such as incoming goods inspection and obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued a Notice of Ordering Correction and a Decision on Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 59.6 yuan and a fine of 2,500 yuan, totaling 2,559.6 yuan.

(eight) the verification and disposal of the dough distributed by jiancaoping district Wanpi Noodle Shop in Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The food safety sampling inspection was carried out on the dough distributed by jiancaoping district Wanpi Noodle Shop in Taiyuan (the purchase date was October 14th, 2021). After inspection, one batch of benzoic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by benzoic acid), dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by dehydroacetic acid) were detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-the-spot inspection by law enforcement officers in jiancaoping district, Taiyuan City, the party concerned bought 3 kilograms of dough on October 14, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified dough sold by the parties was caused by the production and processing links, and the parties failed to fulfill their obligations such as incoming goods inspection and obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued a Notice of Ordering Correction and a Decision on Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 51.6 yuan and a fine of 2,100 yuan, totaling 2,151.6 yuan.

(9) Check and dispose of the fried dough sticks made by yingze district Yanhong Nutrition Restaurant in Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The fried dough sticks made by yingze district Yanhong Nutrition Restaurant in Taiyuan City (processing date: October 28th, 2021) were sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of aluminum residue (dry sample, calculated as Al) was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Yanhong Nutrition Restaurant in yingze district, Taiyuan City by law enforcement officers, it was found that the parties involved used the food additive "Shuangxi brand baking powder" to make fried dough sticks. After investigation, on October 28th, 2021, the parties fermented a total of 5kg of dough for making fried dough sticks, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified fritters made by the parties concerned were caused by excessive use of weighing tools for food additives during the production and processing of fritters, and the parties failed to fulfill their obligations such as incoming goods inspection and obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued the Notice of Ordering Correction and the Decision of Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given 60 yuan for collecting illegal income, and a fine of 2,500 yuan was imposed, totaling 2,560 yuan.

(10) Check and dispose of the white rice noodles distributed by Qinji Rice Noodles Mala Tang Store in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The white rice noodles distributed by Qinji Rice Noodles Mala Tang Store in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City (purchase date: November 3, 2021) were sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt (calculated by dehydroacetic acid) were detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified.

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection by law enforcement officers at Qinji Mianpi Mala Tang Store in Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, the party concerned bought 10 kilograms of white rice noodles on November 3, 2021, which was sold out and could not be recalled. After investigation, it was found that the unqualified reason of the white flour dough distributed by the parties was caused by the production and processing links. The parties failed to fulfill their obligations such as incoming goods inspection and obtaining certificates and tickets as required. Law enforcement officers issued a Notice of Ordering Correction and a Decision on Administrative Punishment on the Spot, and the parties have now made rectification. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the administrative department below the party concerned was given an illegal income of 228 yuan and a fine of 2,500 yuan, totaling 2,728 yuan.

(eleven) the verification and disposal of bean jelly distributed by Shanxi Xinghuatang Binxi Catering Co., Ltd.

1. Basic information: The bean jelly distributed by Shanxi Xinghuatang Binxi Catering Co., Ltd. (purchase date: November 10, 2021) was sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of aluminum residue (dry sample, calculated as Al) was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Shanxi Xinghuatang Binxi Catering Co., Ltd. by law enforcement officers, the parties concerned bought 10.35 kg of bean jelly from the manufacturer jiancaoping district Jindakang Food Processing Factory in Taiyuan City on November 10, 2021, which has been sold out and cannot be recalled. After investigation, the unqualified reason of the bean jelly distributed by the party concerned was caused by the production and processing links, and the production enterprise has investigated and dealt with another case. According to the provisions of Article 136 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), it is decided not to impose administrative punishment on the parties concerned.

(12) Check and dispose of mutton rolls and beef rolls distributed by Jiuxin Restaurant of Xianhezhuang in Xinghualing District of Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: The food safety risk of mutton rolls and beef rolls (production date: November 9, 2021) distributed by Jiuxin Restaurant in Xianhezhuang, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City was monitored. After inspection, two batches of duck-derived and pig-derived ingredients were detected.

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Jiuxin Restaurant in Xianhezhuang, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City by law enforcement officers, the party concerned purchased 50 kilograms of raw materials for this batch of mutton rolls, and cut 10 kilograms with a meat cutter on November 9, 2021, sampling and selling 2 kilograms, and the rest have been sold out; Bought 100 Jin of beef rolls, cut 10 Jin with a meat cutter on November 9, 2021, sampled and sold 2 Jin, and the rest have been sold out. Because mutton rolls and beef rolls are ready-to-eat foods, customers can’t recall them after ordering. After investigation, this batch of mutton rolls and beef rolls was caused by the mixed use of the same meat cutter, which caused the problem of duck-derived and pig-derived ingredients. Law enforcement officers ordered the parties to rectify the operation process on the spot, and re-sampled and inspected similar samples on January 19, 2022. The inspection results did not detect duck components and pig components. According to Article 52 of the Measures for the Administration of Sampling Inspection of Food Safety (Order No.15 of the General Administration of Supervision), there is no standard for the project of risk monitoring for the time being, so there is no clear illegal fact about the above-mentioned business behavior of the parties, so the case will not be filed.

Three, other provinces and municipalities market supervision and Management Bureau organized food safety sampling, involving two batches of unqualified food production and operation enterprises in our city, the verification and disposal situation is hereby notified as follows:

(1) Check and dispose of Datong fresh vermicelli produced by Lee’s vermicelli processing department in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City.

1. Basic information: Datong fresh vermicelli (production date: November 20, 2021) produced by Lee’s vermicelli processing department in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City was sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, sorbic acid and its potassium salt (calculated as sorbic acid) were found in one batch, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection by law enforcement officers in the processing department of Lee’s vermicelli in Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City, the party concerned produced 50 bags (20 kg) of vermicelli on November 20, 2021. All the products in the above batches have been sold. After investigation, sorbic acid and its potassium salt (calculated by sorbic acid) were found to be an acidic preservative in the fresh vermicelli produced by the party concerned, which should not be added in the processing of vermicelli. The party concerned used the food additive beyond the scope, resulting in unqualified products. According to the provisions of Article 41 of the Regulations on the Management of Small Stalls in Small Food Workshops and Small Business Shops in Shanxi Province, the parties concerned were ordered to correct the above-mentioned illegal acts, and the illegal income was 27.5 yuan, and the fines were 2,100 yuan, totaling 2,127.5 yuan.

(2) Check and dispose of dried shrimps produced by Shanxi Branch of Zhejiang Yipin Shuang Food Co., Ltd.

1. Basic information: The dried shrimps produced by Shanxi Branch of Zhejiang Yipin Shuang Food Co., Ltd. (production date: October 13, 2021) were sampled for food safety inspection. After inspection, one batch of N- dimethylnitrosamine was detected, which did not meet the requirements of food-related implementation standards, and the inspection conclusion was unqualified. 　　

2. Punishment according to law: After on-site inspection of Shanxi Branch of Zhejiang Yipin Shuang Food Co., Ltd. by law enforcement officers, the parties concerned produced 100 bags of dried shrimps (80G/ bag) on October 13, 2021, 5 bags were used for ex-factory inspection, and the remaining 95 bags were all sold out. After posting the recall notice, the recall quantity was zero. After investigation, the project of detecting N- dimethylnitrosamine in dried shrimps produced by the party concerned is an organic compound widely existing in nature and formed under suitable conditions. The appearance in batches of dried shrimps may be caused by the stale raw materials used or the lax control of sanitary conditions during production and processing. According to the provisions of Article 124 of the Food Safety Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the party concerned was given the following administrative office to collect illegal income of 2,736 yuan and impose a fine of 70,000 yuan, totaling 72,736 yuan.

Taiyuan market supervision management bureau

July 5, 2022

　　A group of hound lovers in Sichuan met through the Internet and gathered in the "Wildlife Protection Station" network group in the name of protecting wild animals, but they have been carrying hounds and shotguns in Jiuzhaigou for a long time to round up and kill wild animals. Over the years, many endangered national key protected wildlife have fallen under their guns.

　　On April 21st, The Paper learned from the Forest Public Security Bureau of Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province that the eight hound lovers had been arrested and brought to justice, and now they have been transferred to the procuratorate for examination and prosecution on the crimes of illegally hunting and killing precious and endangered wild animals, illegal hunting, illegal manufacturing of guns and illegal possession of guns.

　　According to the police investigation, in recent years, Xu Mouqiang, a villager from Balang Village, Yuwa Township, Jiuzhaigou County, went hunting in the mountains for 15 times alone or in partnership with others. Among them, many national second-class protected wild animals such as gazelle and red-bellied pheasant were hunted.

　　Wild animal samples found by the police from Xu Mouqiang’s home The pictures in this article are all provided by Jiuzhaigou County Forest Public Security Bureau.

　　16 pieces of wild animal meat were found in the freezer.

　　On December 17, 2019, the police of Yuwa Police Station of Jiuzhaigou County Forest Public Security Bureau in Sichuan Province received a report that Xu Mouqiang, a villager in Balang Village, Yuwa Township, illegally hunted wild animals. After receiving the police, Jiuzhaigou Forest Public Security Bureau immediately organized the police to investigate.

　　According to the police investigating the case, on December 18, 2019, the police searched Xu Mouqiang’s home according to law. During the search, 16 pieces of suspected wild animal meat were found in the freezer of his living room, and 1 piece of suspected wild animal fur, 1 suspected shotgun, 1 air nail gun and 3 knives were found at home. Suspected hunting bullets, shell casings, air bullets, steel balls, air nail bullets, 21 fast bullets and 3 knives.

　　The shotgun found in Xu Mouqiang’s home

　　On December 18, 2019, Xu Mouqiang took the initiative to go to the Jiuzhaigou County Forest Public Security Bureau for an inquiry. After the case, the suspect Xu Mouqiang truthfully confessed the illegal hunting of wild animals, the manufacture of guns and the illegal possession of guns. After investigation, in recent years, Xu Mouqiang hunted 15 times in the mountains by dogs, shooting, etc., killing 1 blue sheep, 4 mountain donkeys, 1 wild boar, 2 Sichuan pigs, 18 pheasants and 1 green deer.

　　Jiuzhaigou County Forest Public Security Bureau entrusted Sichuan Nanshan Forestry Judicial Appraisal Center on January 7, 2020 to identify the relationship between species and protection level samples of suspected wild animals involved in the case. The identification results show that among the suspected wild animals involved in the case, there are 2 mountain donkeys, 1 scientific name gazelle and 1 scientific name impala, which belong to the national second-class key protected wild animals. There are also 8 pheasants, including 2 blue pheasants, 3 spoon chickens and 3 red-bellied pheasants, which also belong to the national second-class key protected wild animals. In addition, three green deer and Sichuan pigs belong to three animals, that is, terrestrial wild animals protected by the state, which are beneficial or have important economic and scientific research value.

　　Poaching in a wild animal protection coat

　　According to the police handling the case of Jiuzhaigou Forest Public Security Bureau, The Paper was told that among the eight suspects involved, five were natives of Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Prefecture, one was a cattle dealer in Pingwu County, Mianyang, and the other two were Meishan people who lived in Chengdu for a long time and mainly engaged in the pet dog business.

　　Because of their common interest in training hounds, these eight people established a WeChat group of "Wildlife Protection Station" through Aauto Quicker and other networks. It’s called wildlife protection, and in fact, they all communicate and plan to kill wild animals.

　　The Paper noticed that the police also found a banner in Xu Mouqiang’s home, which read: Give it to the hound team of the mountain dog brothers, "Together Brothers, good faith service" was given to the flag bearer and the hunter was Zhou Mouquan.

　　The hound team received a banner.

　　According to the police investigating the case, these people also trained hunting dogs to sell, which was a pennant given by a person who bought hunting dogs. Because of their common hobbies, they often struggle to hunt together.

　　According to the investigation by the police, Xu Mouqiang went hunting 15 times in the mountains alone or in partnership with others in violation of the wildlife protection laws and regulations. Most of the hunting places were in Balang Village where he was located, and 12 of them took hunting dogs to participate in the round-up.

　　Among the three guns seized by the police from Xu Mouqiang’s home, the single-barrel shotgun was borrowed from Yang Decheng, the air gun was borrowed from Yang Shiming, and the nail gun was modified from the nail shooter and seamless steel pipe he bought online.

　　At present, the case has been transferred to the People’s Procuratorate of Jiuzhaigou County for prosecution, and 8 suspects involved in the crime of illegal hunting and killing precious and endangered wild animals, illegal hunting, illegal manufacturing of guns and illegal possession of guns.

　　Jiuzhaigou forest police searched for guns abandoned by escaped hunters in the river (not in this case)